BIOD 152 MODULE 5
1. Tonsils have crypts, what are they?
Answer: Channels in tonsils that trap the bacteria
2. Which immune response serves as a first line of defense?
Answer: Nonspecificimmune system (innate)
3. How does nonspecific immune system prevent pathogens from enteringthe body?
Answer: through physical and chemical barriers
4. Which immune response takes several days to active?
Answer: Specific immunesystem (adaptive)
5. Which lymphocytes are involved in the specific immune system?
Answer: T-cellsand B-cells
6. Which immune system is skin (integumentary system) part of?
Answer: nonspecificimmune system
7. True or false: intact skin is difficult for pathogens to penetrate
Answer: true
8. What what environment grows normal flora?
Answer: sweat and tears
9. What is normal flora?
Answer: good bacteria which produces lactic acid, which inhibitspathogenic growth
10. What is the inflammatory response?
Answer:
-non-specific immune system response
-increases blood flow to the infected region causing swelling & redness & pain
11. What does swelling do?
Answer: dilates blood vessels in the affected area to helpincrease the # of immune cells
responding to the infection
12. What are cytokines?
Answer: signals for both immune system to start pathways
13. Are cytokines cells?
Answer: No, secreted proteins from WBC
, 14. What do Cytokines interferons do?
Answer: Inhibit viral replication & activating naturalkiller cells
15. What do Cytokines interleukins do?
Answer: chemical activators that send signalsthroughout the body to increase the immune
response
16. Which subtypes of Cytokines interleukins resets the body's thermostat inthe
hypothalamus?
Answer: pyrogens (creates a fever)
17. How do fevers help fight off infection?
Answer:
-by interfering with the growth &replication of pathogens
-cause lysosomes to break down releasing digestive enzymes that lyse infected cells
-promotes WBC activity
18. What type of WBC are lymphocytes and monocytes?
Answer: Agranuolcytes
19. What cell is more effective than neutrophils and why?
Answer: monocytes becausethey live longer & have greater phagocytic ability
20. What shape are monocytes?
Answer: "U" or kidney bean shaped nucleus
21. When monocytes move into tissue, what do they become?
Answer: macrophages
22. What are the 3 granulocytes?
Answer: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils (BEN)
23. What are neutrophils function?
Answer: fighting infections by phagocytosis
24. What is phagocytosis?
Answer: cellular eating
-a cell recognizes a pathogen, binds to it and brings it inside the cell forming
a vacuole. The vacuole fuses with lysosomes cause it to break down releasingdigestive
enzymes that lyse infected cells
25. Granule colors of neutrophils eosinophils and basophils. And theirshapes
Answer:
-Basophils: dark blue/purple
-Eosinophil: dark prink to red
1. Tonsils have crypts, what are they?
Answer: Channels in tonsils that trap the bacteria
2. Which immune response serves as a first line of defense?
Answer: Nonspecificimmune system (innate)
3. How does nonspecific immune system prevent pathogens from enteringthe body?
Answer: through physical and chemical barriers
4. Which immune response takes several days to active?
Answer: Specific immunesystem (adaptive)
5. Which lymphocytes are involved in the specific immune system?
Answer: T-cellsand B-cells
6. Which immune system is skin (integumentary system) part of?
Answer: nonspecificimmune system
7. True or false: intact skin is difficult for pathogens to penetrate
Answer: true
8. What what environment grows normal flora?
Answer: sweat and tears
9. What is normal flora?
Answer: good bacteria which produces lactic acid, which inhibitspathogenic growth
10. What is the inflammatory response?
Answer:
-non-specific immune system response
-increases blood flow to the infected region causing swelling & redness & pain
11. What does swelling do?
Answer: dilates blood vessels in the affected area to helpincrease the # of immune cells
responding to the infection
12. What are cytokines?
Answer: signals for both immune system to start pathways
13. Are cytokines cells?
Answer: No, secreted proteins from WBC
, 14. What do Cytokines interferons do?
Answer: Inhibit viral replication & activating naturalkiller cells
15. What do Cytokines interleukins do?
Answer: chemical activators that send signalsthroughout the body to increase the immune
response
16. Which subtypes of Cytokines interleukins resets the body's thermostat inthe
hypothalamus?
Answer: pyrogens (creates a fever)
17. How do fevers help fight off infection?
Answer:
-by interfering with the growth &replication of pathogens
-cause lysosomes to break down releasing digestive enzymes that lyse infected cells
-promotes WBC activity
18. What type of WBC are lymphocytes and monocytes?
Answer: Agranuolcytes
19. What cell is more effective than neutrophils and why?
Answer: monocytes becausethey live longer & have greater phagocytic ability
20. What shape are monocytes?
Answer: "U" or kidney bean shaped nucleus
21. When monocytes move into tissue, what do they become?
Answer: macrophages
22. What are the 3 granulocytes?
Answer: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils (BEN)
23. What are neutrophils function?
Answer: fighting infections by phagocytosis
24. What is phagocytosis?
Answer: cellular eating
-a cell recognizes a pathogen, binds to it and brings it inside the cell forming
a vacuole. The vacuole fuses with lysosomes cause it to break down releasingdigestive
enzymes that lyse infected cells
25. Granule colors of neutrophils eosinophils and basophils. And theirshapes
Answer:
-Basophils: dark blue/purple
-Eosinophil: dark prink to red
