1. A 45-year-old male presents with persistent worry and tension about
work, finances, and family, which occurs most days for the past 6
months. He reports difficulty relaxing, restlessness, and difficulty
concentrating. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Panic disorder
B. Generalized anxiety disorder
C. Social anxiety disorder
D. Acute stress disorder
Answer: b) Generalized anxiety disorder
Rationale: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by
excessive worry and anxiety about various aspects of life, occurring for
most days over at least six months. Associated symptoms include
restlessness, difficulty concentrating, and muscle tension.
2. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for a
patient diagnosed with schizophrenia who is experiencing auditory
hallucinations?
A. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
B. Antipsychotic medication
C. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
D. Antidepressant medication
,Answer: b) Antipsychotic medication
Rationale: Antipsychotic medications are the first-line treatment for
schizophrenia, particularly for managing symptoms such as auditory
hallucinations and delusions.
3. A 60-year-old male with depression is being treated with a selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). He presents with a high fever,
altered mental status, and muscle rigidity. Which of the following is the
most likely diagnosis?
A. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
B. Serotonin syndrome
C. Delirium
D. Panic disorder
Answer: b) Serotonin syndrome
Rationale: Serotonin syndrome can occur with the use of SSRIs,
especially when combined with other serotonergic medications. It is
characterized by hyperthermia, altered mental status, autonomic
dysregulation, and neuromuscular hyperactivity.
4. A 55-year-old female with depression presents with feelings of guilt,
sadness, and low energy. She has been experiencing poor appetite and
weight loss. Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of major
depressive disorder (MDD)?
A. Delusions
B. Low mood and anhedonia
, C. Psychomotor agitation
D. Manic episodes
Answer: b) Low mood and anhedonia
Rationale: Anhedonia (loss of interest in previously enjoyable activities)
and persistent low mood are hallmark features of major depressive
disorder (MDD).
5. Which of the following is the most effective treatment for acute
mania in bipolar disorder?
A. Lithium
B. Valproate
C. Lamotrigine
D. Carbamazepine
Answer: b) Valproate
Rationale: Valproate is considered one of the most effective medications
for managing acute mania in bipolar disorder. It is a mood stabilizer
and has a faster onset of action compared to lithium.
6. A 60-year-old man presents with tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and
postural instability. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Huntington's disease
B. Parkinson’s disease
C. Multiple sclerosis
work, finances, and family, which occurs most days for the past 6
months. He reports difficulty relaxing, restlessness, and difficulty
concentrating. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Panic disorder
B. Generalized anxiety disorder
C. Social anxiety disorder
D. Acute stress disorder
Answer: b) Generalized anxiety disorder
Rationale: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by
excessive worry and anxiety about various aspects of life, occurring for
most days over at least six months. Associated symptoms include
restlessness, difficulty concentrating, and muscle tension.
2. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for a
patient diagnosed with schizophrenia who is experiencing auditory
hallucinations?
A. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
B. Antipsychotic medication
C. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
D. Antidepressant medication
,Answer: b) Antipsychotic medication
Rationale: Antipsychotic medications are the first-line treatment for
schizophrenia, particularly for managing symptoms such as auditory
hallucinations and delusions.
3. A 60-year-old male with depression is being treated with a selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). He presents with a high fever,
altered mental status, and muscle rigidity. Which of the following is the
most likely diagnosis?
A. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
B. Serotonin syndrome
C. Delirium
D. Panic disorder
Answer: b) Serotonin syndrome
Rationale: Serotonin syndrome can occur with the use of SSRIs,
especially when combined with other serotonergic medications. It is
characterized by hyperthermia, altered mental status, autonomic
dysregulation, and neuromuscular hyperactivity.
4. A 55-year-old female with depression presents with feelings of guilt,
sadness, and low energy. She has been experiencing poor appetite and
weight loss. Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of major
depressive disorder (MDD)?
A. Delusions
B. Low mood and anhedonia
, C. Psychomotor agitation
D. Manic episodes
Answer: b) Low mood and anhedonia
Rationale: Anhedonia (loss of interest in previously enjoyable activities)
and persistent low mood are hallmark features of major depressive
disorder (MDD).
5. Which of the following is the most effective treatment for acute
mania in bipolar disorder?
A. Lithium
B. Valproate
C. Lamotrigine
D. Carbamazepine
Answer: b) Valproate
Rationale: Valproate is considered one of the most effective medications
for managing acute mania in bipolar disorder. It is a mood stabilizer
and has a faster onset of action compared to lithium.
6. A 60-year-old man presents with tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and
postural instability. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Huntington's disease
B. Parkinson’s disease
C. Multiple sclerosis
