NUR 221 exam 2 2025 LATEST UPDATE
CORRECT 100%
High Risk = Monitor Fetus with: - ANSWER Antepartum Testing
common factors that can make a normal pregnancy into a high risk one - ANSWER -
overweight/obesity
-young or old maternal age
-problems in previous pregnancy
-existing health conditions
-preg with twins or multiples
Decreased fetal movement is noted in response to - ANSWER hypoxemia
Several protocols for decreased fetal movement - ANSWER -Count activity once per
day for 60 mins.
-Count activity after meals or before bedtime for 2 hours or until 10 movements felt
-Count for 12 hours or until 10 movements felt
NST is a test used for - ANSWER evaluating fetal status
in a NST, Adequately oxygenated fetus with intact fetal central nervous system should
demonstrate - ANSWER accelerated fetal heart rate (FHR) in response to fetal
movement
Positioning for NST - ANSWER -Avoid supine
-Reclining chair or in bed
-Left-tilted, semi-Fowler's or side-lying position
How to perform NST: - ANSWER -Electronic fetal monitor to obtain data
-The mother is given a button to push when she feels fetal movement (FM)
NST Results Interpretation: Reactive = - ANSWER normal
what should a normal reactive stress test look like - ANSWER accelerations 15 beats
per minute lasting 15 seconds with each fetal movement
what is a Biophysical Profile(BPP) - ANSWER Combination of ultrasound and NST
what does biophysical profile do - ANSWER -Helps to either identify the compromised
fetus or confirm the healthy fetus
-Provides an assessment of placental functioning
,Four variables assessed by ultrasound in biophysical profile: - ANSWER -Fetal
breathing movement
-Fetal movements of body or limbs
-Fetal tone (extremity extension and flexion)
-Amniotic fluid volume (pockets of fluid around the fetus)
BPP scoring for fetal movement component - ANSWER 3 body or limb movements
BPP scoring for fetal tone component - ANSWER one episode of active extension and
flexion of the limbs; opening and closing of the hand
BPP scoring for fetal breathing movement component - ANSWER episode of >30
seconds in 30 min. hiccups are considered breathing activity
BPP scoring for amniotic fluid volume component - ANSWER single 2cm x 2cm pocket
is considered adequate
BPP scoring for non- stress test component - ANSWER 2 accelerations > 15 bpm of at
least 15 seconds in duration
Amniocentesis is performed to - ANSWER obtain amniotic fluid
How Amniocentesis is performed - ANSWER Under direct ultrasonographic
visualization, a needle is inserted through the abdomen and amniotic fluid is withdrawn
into a syringe.
when can Amniocentesis be done - ANSWER After week 14 of pregnancy
Amniocentesis Indications include: - ANSWER -prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders
or congenital anomalies (i.e. neural tube defects)
-assessment of lung maturity
Evaluation of Amniocentesis - ANSWER -High levels of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) in the
amniotic fluid help confirm the diagnosis of an NTD.
-LBC test helps determine lung maturity
Amniocentesis Complications in the mother and fetus occur only rarely and include the
following for Maternal: - ANSWER leakage of amniotic fluid,
hemorrhage,
Rh isoimmunization,
infection,
labor,
placental abruption,
inadvertent damage to the intestines or bladder,
amniotic fluid embolism
, Amniocentesis Complications in the mother and fetus occur only rarely and include the
following for Fetus: - ANSWER death,
hemorrhage,
infection (amnionitis),
and direct injury from the needle
Because of the possibility of fetomaternal hemorrhage, administering
_______________________ to the woman who is Rh negative is a standard practice
after an amniocentesis - ANSWER RhD immunoglobulin (Rhogam)
Patient teaching for after amniocentesis - ANSWER -rest for 24hr
-no strenuous/exercise 72 hrs
-no air travel for 72 hrs
-low back pain/abdominal pain
After amniocentesis, seek urgent medical care if - ANSWER -feeling shivery
-high fever of 38 degrees C or above
2 types of lab tests for amniocentesis: - ANSWER -rapid test
-full karyotype
amnionic fluid definition - ANSWER the fluid that surrounds the unborn baby in the
womb
Change in Uterine Blood Flow: Abnormal FHR patterns are associated with - ANSWER
fetal hypoxemia.
If uncorrected, hypoxemia can - ANSWER deteriorate to severe hypoxia, which can
lead to acidosis.
Labor is a period of ___________ stress for the fetus - ANSWER physiologic
Auscultation of FHR with Doppler - ANSWER Intermittent auscultation involves listening
to fetal heart sounds at periodic intervals to assess FHR.
what tools can be used for auscultation of FHR - ANSWER A fetoscope, doppler, or
doppler stethoscope can be used.
Advantages of Auscultation of FHR with Doppler - ANSWER less invasive, more
freedom with activity and movement
Disadvantages of Auscultation of FHR with Doppler - ANSWER Because it is
intermittent, significant events may be missed. Also does not provide a documented
visual record of FHR.
Facial reference method: Cheek= - ANSWER resting
CORRECT 100%
High Risk = Monitor Fetus with: - ANSWER Antepartum Testing
common factors that can make a normal pregnancy into a high risk one - ANSWER -
overweight/obesity
-young or old maternal age
-problems in previous pregnancy
-existing health conditions
-preg with twins or multiples
Decreased fetal movement is noted in response to - ANSWER hypoxemia
Several protocols for decreased fetal movement - ANSWER -Count activity once per
day for 60 mins.
-Count activity after meals or before bedtime for 2 hours or until 10 movements felt
-Count for 12 hours or until 10 movements felt
NST is a test used for - ANSWER evaluating fetal status
in a NST, Adequately oxygenated fetus with intact fetal central nervous system should
demonstrate - ANSWER accelerated fetal heart rate (FHR) in response to fetal
movement
Positioning for NST - ANSWER -Avoid supine
-Reclining chair or in bed
-Left-tilted, semi-Fowler's or side-lying position
How to perform NST: - ANSWER -Electronic fetal monitor to obtain data
-The mother is given a button to push when she feels fetal movement (FM)
NST Results Interpretation: Reactive = - ANSWER normal
what should a normal reactive stress test look like - ANSWER accelerations 15 beats
per minute lasting 15 seconds with each fetal movement
what is a Biophysical Profile(BPP) - ANSWER Combination of ultrasound and NST
what does biophysical profile do - ANSWER -Helps to either identify the compromised
fetus or confirm the healthy fetus
-Provides an assessment of placental functioning
,Four variables assessed by ultrasound in biophysical profile: - ANSWER -Fetal
breathing movement
-Fetal movements of body or limbs
-Fetal tone (extremity extension and flexion)
-Amniotic fluid volume (pockets of fluid around the fetus)
BPP scoring for fetal movement component - ANSWER 3 body or limb movements
BPP scoring for fetal tone component - ANSWER one episode of active extension and
flexion of the limbs; opening and closing of the hand
BPP scoring for fetal breathing movement component - ANSWER episode of >30
seconds in 30 min. hiccups are considered breathing activity
BPP scoring for amniotic fluid volume component - ANSWER single 2cm x 2cm pocket
is considered adequate
BPP scoring for non- stress test component - ANSWER 2 accelerations > 15 bpm of at
least 15 seconds in duration
Amniocentesis is performed to - ANSWER obtain amniotic fluid
How Amniocentesis is performed - ANSWER Under direct ultrasonographic
visualization, a needle is inserted through the abdomen and amniotic fluid is withdrawn
into a syringe.
when can Amniocentesis be done - ANSWER After week 14 of pregnancy
Amniocentesis Indications include: - ANSWER -prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders
or congenital anomalies (i.e. neural tube defects)
-assessment of lung maturity
Evaluation of Amniocentesis - ANSWER -High levels of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) in the
amniotic fluid help confirm the diagnosis of an NTD.
-LBC test helps determine lung maturity
Amniocentesis Complications in the mother and fetus occur only rarely and include the
following for Maternal: - ANSWER leakage of amniotic fluid,
hemorrhage,
Rh isoimmunization,
infection,
labor,
placental abruption,
inadvertent damage to the intestines or bladder,
amniotic fluid embolism
, Amniocentesis Complications in the mother and fetus occur only rarely and include the
following for Fetus: - ANSWER death,
hemorrhage,
infection (amnionitis),
and direct injury from the needle
Because of the possibility of fetomaternal hemorrhage, administering
_______________________ to the woman who is Rh negative is a standard practice
after an amniocentesis - ANSWER RhD immunoglobulin (Rhogam)
Patient teaching for after amniocentesis - ANSWER -rest for 24hr
-no strenuous/exercise 72 hrs
-no air travel for 72 hrs
-low back pain/abdominal pain
After amniocentesis, seek urgent medical care if - ANSWER -feeling shivery
-high fever of 38 degrees C or above
2 types of lab tests for amniocentesis: - ANSWER -rapid test
-full karyotype
amnionic fluid definition - ANSWER the fluid that surrounds the unborn baby in the
womb
Change in Uterine Blood Flow: Abnormal FHR patterns are associated with - ANSWER
fetal hypoxemia.
If uncorrected, hypoxemia can - ANSWER deteriorate to severe hypoxia, which can
lead to acidosis.
Labor is a period of ___________ stress for the fetus - ANSWER physiologic
Auscultation of FHR with Doppler - ANSWER Intermittent auscultation involves listening
to fetal heart sounds at periodic intervals to assess FHR.
what tools can be used for auscultation of FHR - ANSWER A fetoscope, doppler, or
doppler stethoscope can be used.
Advantages of Auscultation of FHR with Doppler - ANSWER less invasive, more
freedom with activity and movement
Disadvantages of Auscultation of FHR with Doppler - ANSWER Because it is
intermittent, significant events may be missed. Also does not provide a documented
visual record of FHR.
Facial reference method: Cheek= - ANSWER resting
