Major Field Test: Criminal Justice Study
Guide Exam And Accurate Answers.
Retribution - Answer the act of taking revenge on a criminal perpetrator.
Also known as just desserts.
Criminal offenders deserve the punishment they receive at the hands of the law, and that punishments
should be appropriate to the type and severity of the crime committed.
Deterrence - Answer a goal that seeks to inhibit criminal behavior through the fear of punishment;
crime prevention
(2 types: Specific and General)
Specific- seeks to prevent a particular offender from engaging in repeat criminality- like points for
speeding
General- seeks to prevent others from committing crimes similar to the one for which a particular
offender is being sentenced by making an example of the person sentenced.
Incapactitation - Answer use of imprisionment or other means to reduce the likelihood that an
offender will commit future offenses. Intends o protect the members of society by removing those who
choose not to adhere to the laws.
Rehabilitation - Answer the attempt to reform a criminal offender; change the behavior of the offender,
typically through treatment or programs.
Restoration - Answer to make the victim whole again
When an individual is victimized by a crime, either property or violent, they and their family experience
trauma
9 Steps in the criminal Justice process - Answer Investigate and arrest
Booking
First appearance
Preliminary hearing
,Information and indictment
Arraignment
Trial
Sentencing
Corrections
Probable cause - Answer a set of facts and circumstances that would induce a reasonably intelligent
and prudent person to believe that a specified person has committed a specified crime.
Warrant - Answer a writ issued by a judicial officer directing a law enforcement officer to perform a
specified act and affording the officer protection from damages if he or she performs it
Release of Recognizance - Answer The release of a defendant into their own care or care of another
without posting bond.
True Bill - Answer is the decision of a grand jury that sufficient evidence exists to indict an accused
person
Arraignment - Answer a hearing before the court having jurisdiction in a criminal case where the
identity of the defendant is established; defendant is informed of the charges against him or her;
defendant is informed of his or her rights; and defendants is requested to enter a plea.
Nolo contendere - Answer a plea of no contest and is used when the defendant does not wish to
contest conviction.
2 types of sentences - Answer Consecutive sentences- two or more sentences imposed at the same
time, which are served in sequence with the other sentences
Concurrent sentences- two or more sentences imposed at the same time for more than one offense and
to be served at the same time.
Probation - Answer a sentence of imprisonment that is suspended and conditional freedom is granted
to the defendant as long as the person meets certain conditions of behavior
, Parole - Answer the status of an offender conditionally released from prison by discretion of a paroling
authority prior to the expiration of sentence
Due Process Model - Answer a criminal justice perspective that emphasizes individual rights at all
stages of justice system processing
Fourth Amendment - Answer Prohibition against unreasonable searches and seizures
Exclusionary rule - Answer Prohibits use of items obtained as a result of unreasonable search and
seizure as evidence against a criminal defendant
Fifth Amendment - Answer Prohibition against double jeopardy
Privilege against forced self-incrimination
Sixth Amendment - Answer The right to a jury trail, a public trial, a speedy trail, to confront witnesses,
to compulsory process to obtain witnesses, to assistance of an attorney in all felony cases, to assistance
of an attorney in misdemeanor cases
Eighth Amendment - Answer The prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment
Fourteenth Amendment - Answer No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the
privileges or immunities of citizens of the US, nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or
property, without due process of law; nor deny any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of
the law ...
Mala en se crimes - Answer are acts that are regarded as wrong in themselves like murder and rape.
Mala prohibita crimes - Answer acts that are considered wrong only because there is a law against
them like marijuana possession and underage drinking.
Guide Exam And Accurate Answers.
Retribution - Answer the act of taking revenge on a criminal perpetrator.
Also known as just desserts.
Criminal offenders deserve the punishment they receive at the hands of the law, and that punishments
should be appropriate to the type and severity of the crime committed.
Deterrence - Answer a goal that seeks to inhibit criminal behavior through the fear of punishment;
crime prevention
(2 types: Specific and General)
Specific- seeks to prevent a particular offender from engaging in repeat criminality- like points for
speeding
General- seeks to prevent others from committing crimes similar to the one for which a particular
offender is being sentenced by making an example of the person sentenced.
Incapactitation - Answer use of imprisionment or other means to reduce the likelihood that an
offender will commit future offenses. Intends o protect the members of society by removing those who
choose not to adhere to the laws.
Rehabilitation - Answer the attempt to reform a criminal offender; change the behavior of the offender,
typically through treatment or programs.
Restoration - Answer to make the victim whole again
When an individual is victimized by a crime, either property or violent, they and their family experience
trauma
9 Steps in the criminal Justice process - Answer Investigate and arrest
Booking
First appearance
Preliminary hearing
,Information and indictment
Arraignment
Trial
Sentencing
Corrections
Probable cause - Answer a set of facts and circumstances that would induce a reasonably intelligent
and prudent person to believe that a specified person has committed a specified crime.
Warrant - Answer a writ issued by a judicial officer directing a law enforcement officer to perform a
specified act and affording the officer protection from damages if he or she performs it
Release of Recognizance - Answer The release of a defendant into their own care or care of another
without posting bond.
True Bill - Answer is the decision of a grand jury that sufficient evidence exists to indict an accused
person
Arraignment - Answer a hearing before the court having jurisdiction in a criminal case where the
identity of the defendant is established; defendant is informed of the charges against him or her;
defendant is informed of his or her rights; and defendants is requested to enter a plea.
Nolo contendere - Answer a plea of no contest and is used when the defendant does not wish to
contest conviction.
2 types of sentences - Answer Consecutive sentences- two or more sentences imposed at the same
time, which are served in sequence with the other sentences
Concurrent sentences- two or more sentences imposed at the same time for more than one offense and
to be served at the same time.
Probation - Answer a sentence of imprisonment that is suspended and conditional freedom is granted
to the defendant as long as the person meets certain conditions of behavior
, Parole - Answer the status of an offender conditionally released from prison by discretion of a paroling
authority prior to the expiration of sentence
Due Process Model - Answer a criminal justice perspective that emphasizes individual rights at all
stages of justice system processing
Fourth Amendment - Answer Prohibition against unreasonable searches and seizures
Exclusionary rule - Answer Prohibits use of items obtained as a result of unreasonable search and
seizure as evidence against a criminal defendant
Fifth Amendment - Answer Prohibition against double jeopardy
Privilege against forced self-incrimination
Sixth Amendment - Answer The right to a jury trail, a public trial, a speedy trail, to confront witnesses,
to compulsory process to obtain witnesses, to assistance of an attorney in all felony cases, to assistance
of an attorney in misdemeanor cases
Eighth Amendment - Answer The prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment
Fourteenth Amendment - Answer No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the
privileges or immunities of citizens of the US, nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or
property, without due process of law; nor deny any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of
the law ...
Mala en se crimes - Answer are acts that are regarded as wrong in themselves like murder and rape.
Mala prohibita crimes - Answer acts that are considered wrong only because there is a law against
them like marijuana possession and underage drinking.
