Chapter 20 Antimicrobial Drugs
20.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
1) Penicillin was considered a "miracle drug" for all of the following reasons EXCEPT A) it
was the first antibiotic.
B) it does not affect eukaryotic cells.
C) it inhibits gram-positive cell wall synthesis. D) it has selective toxicity.
E) it kills bacteria. Answer: A Section: 20.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
ASMcue Outcome: 6.3
Learning Outcome: 20.1
Global Outcome: 5
2) A drug that inhibits mitosis, such as griseofulvin, would be more effective against
A) gram-positive bacteria. B) gram-negative bacteria. C) fungi.
D) wall-less bacteria. E) mycobacteria. Answer: C
Section: 20.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
Learning Outcome: 20.13
Global Outcome: 7
3) Most of the available antimicrobial agents are effective against
A) viruses. B) bacteria. C) fungi.
D) protozoa. Answer: B Section: 20.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
, lO M oA 4 4 70 89
Learning Outcome: 20.3
Global Outcome: 5
4) Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) frequently work by
A) inhibiting protein synthesis.
B) disrupting the plasma membrane.
C) complementary base pairing with DNA. D) inhibiting cell-wall synthesis.
E) hydrolyzing peptidoglycan.
Answer: B Section: 20.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
Learning Outcome: 20.5
5) In what way are semisynthetic penicillins and natural penicillins alike? A) Both are broad
spectrum.
B) Both are resistant to penicillinase. C) Both are resistant to stomach acids. D) Both are
bactericidal.
E) Both are based on β-lactam.
Answer: E Section: 20.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
Learning Outcome: 20.7
Global Outcome: 5
6) Which one of the following antibiotics is NOT bactericidal? A) aminoglycosides
B) cephalosporins
C) polyenes D) rifampins E) penicillin Answer: C Section: 20.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
Learning Outcome: 20.13
7) Which one of the following does NOT belong with the others? A) bacitracin
B) cephalosporin C) monobactam D) penicillin
, lO M oA 4 4 70 89
E) streptomycin Answer: E Section: 20.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
Learning Outcome: 20.5
Figure 20.1
8) The antibiotic tetracycline binds to the 30S subunit of the ribosome, as shown by the dark
black bar on the right portion of the diagram in Figure 20.1. The effect is to
A) prevent attachment of DNA.
B) prevent peptide bond formation. C) prevent transcription.
D) stop the ribosome from moving along the mRNA.
E) interfere with the attachment of the tRNA to mRNA-ribosome complex. Answer: E
Section: 20.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
Learning Outcome: 20.9
Global Outcome: 7
9) In Figure 20.1, why is tetracycline selectively toxic against bacteria? A) Eukaryotic cells
will enzymatically destroy the drug.
B) Eukaryotic cells will actively pump the drug out of their interiors.
C) The drug affects peptidoglycan synthesis, and eukaryotic cells have no peptidoglycan.
D) The drug binds to the 30S small ribosomal subunit — eukaryotes have a 40S small
subunit. E) Eukaryotes lack a small ribosomal subunit, so the drug cannot negatively affect
them. Answer: D
Section: 20.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
20.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
1) Penicillin was considered a "miracle drug" for all of the following reasons EXCEPT A) it
was the first antibiotic.
B) it does not affect eukaryotic cells.
C) it inhibits gram-positive cell wall synthesis. D) it has selective toxicity.
E) it kills bacteria. Answer: A Section: 20.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
ASMcue Outcome: 6.3
Learning Outcome: 20.1
Global Outcome: 5
2) A drug that inhibits mitosis, such as griseofulvin, would be more effective against
A) gram-positive bacteria. B) gram-negative bacteria. C) fungi.
D) wall-less bacteria. E) mycobacteria. Answer: C
Section: 20.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
Learning Outcome: 20.13
Global Outcome: 7
3) Most of the available antimicrobial agents are effective against
A) viruses. B) bacteria. C) fungi.
D) protozoa. Answer: B Section: 20.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
, lO M oA 4 4 70 89
Learning Outcome: 20.3
Global Outcome: 5
4) Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) frequently work by
A) inhibiting protein synthesis.
B) disrupting the plasma membrane.
C) complementary base pairing with DNA. D) inhibiting cell-wall synthesis.
E) hydrolyzing peptidoglycan.
Answer: B Section: 20.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
Learning Outcome: 20.5
5) In what way are semisynthetic penicillins and natural penicillins alike? A) Both are broad
spectrum.
B) Both are resistant to penicillinase. C) Both are resistant to stomach acids. D) Both are
bactericidal.
E) Both are based on β-lactam.
Answer: E Section: 20.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
Learning Outcome: 20.7
Global Outcome: 5
6) Which one of the following antibiotics is NOT bactericidal? A) aminoglycosides
B) cephalosporins
C) polyenes D) rifampins E) penicillin Answer: C Section: 20.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
Learning Outcome: 20.13
7) Which one of the following does NOT belong with the others? A) bacitracin
B) cephalosporin C) monobactam D) penicillin
, lO M oA 4 4 70 89
E) streptomycin Answer: E Section: 20.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
Learning Outcome: 20.5
Figure 20.1
8) The antibiotic tetracycline binds to the 30S subunit of the ribosome, as shown by the dark
black bar on the right portion of the diagram in Figure 20.1. The effect is to
A) prevent attachment of DNA.
B) prevent peptide bond formation. C) prevent transcription.
D) stop the ribosome from moving along the mRNA.
E) interfere with the attachment of the tRNA to mRNA-ribosome complex. Answer: E
Section: 20.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
Learning Outcome: 20.9
Global Outcome: 7
9) In Figure 20.1, why is tetracycline selectively toxic against bacteria? A) Eukaryotic cells
will enzymatically destroy the drug.
B) Eukaryotic cells will actively pump the drug out of their interiors.
C) The drug affects peptidoglycan synthesis, and eukaryotic cells have no peptidoglycan.
D) The drug binds to the 30S small ribosomal subunit — eukaryotes have a 40S small
subunit. E) Eukaryotes lack a small ribosomal subunit, so the drug cannot negatively affect
them. Answer: D
Section: 20.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
ASMcue Outcome: 3.4
