WGU D322 INTRODUCTION TO IT QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
2025/2026
Client-server Network - Contains one or more servers; client is a computer that will
request information from another computer; server is a computer that takes requests
and responds with the requested information; the software used facilitates
communication with remote servers
File Server - Sends files over the network at the request of clients.
Responds over LAN, within one location/site.
Support both application software and data files.
Web Server - Stores data files (web pages) and programs (scripts).
Responds from anywhere on the Internet.
Database Server - Responds to queries by pulling from the database.
Typically only to local clients.
Print Server - Monitors print jobs
Mail Server - Two email servers communicate with each other
FTP Server - Like web server or file server in that requests are for files and responses
are the files; data delivered between client and server.
Point-to-Point Network - Link between two resources; links two routers without any host
or network in between
Bus Network - Devices connected along a single cable.
Size of network is restricted.
Star Network - Each device is connected to a central devices such as a hub or switch.
Ring Network - Each device is connected directly to its neighbors, and messages are
forwarded from device to device until the proper destination is reached.
Mesh Network - Every device is connected directly to every other device in the network.
Domain Name Server (DNS) - Turns a user-friendly domain name, like Google.com, into
an Internet Protocol (IP) address like 70.42.251.42 that computers use to identify each
other on the network.
, Parts of URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - Protocol, Domain name, Resource/Filename
Domain Name - Identifies the server on which the web page can be found
Domain Name Parts - Top level domain (TLD) name and Host name
Host Name - Identifies the organization that is responsible for the information on the
page or provides the server space where the information is stored
TLD(Top Level Domain) Name - Always ends with a period and a three or two letter
extension which signifies the type of organization or country associated with the page
Resource/Filename ID - Indicates the name of the file you are accessing, or the location
of the document on the server
CIA - Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
Confidentiality - Requires that data bet kept secure so that they are not accidentally
provided or obtained by unauthorized users
Integrity - Requires that data is correct
Availability - Requires that information is available when needed
Data Integrity Efforts - 1st - Must include a component that ensures the accuracy of the
collected data
2nd - Must be entered into the system accurately
3rd - Data modification must be tracked
Strategic Risk Analysis - 1. Identify the organization's information assets
2. Identify vulnerabilities of each asset
3. Determine threats
4. Prioritizing risks
5. Develop and enact policies that will reduce threats
Information Security Classifications - Public - available through public sources; includes
names and addresses
Sensitive - not considered a threat to a person's privacy if others learn of it; include
email addresses
Private - information that could be a threat if disclosed to others; includes social security
and credit card numbers
2025/2026
Client-server Network - Contains one or more servers; client is a computer that will
request information from another computer; server is a computer that takes requests
and responds with the requested information; the software used facilitates
communication with remote servers
File Server - Sends files over the network at the request of clients.
Responds over LAN, within one location/site.
Support both application software and data files.
Web Server - Stores data files (web pages) and programs (scripts).
Responds from anywhere on the Internet.
Database Server - Responds to queries by pulling from the database.
Typically only to local clients.
Print Server - Monitors print jobs
Mail Server - Two email servers communicate with each other
FTP Server - Like web server or file server in that requests are for files and responses
are the files; data delivered between client and server.
Point-to-Point Network - Link between two resources; links two routers without any host
or network in between
Bus Network - Devices connected along a single cable.
Size of network is restricted.
Star Network - Each device is connected to a central devices such as a hub or switch.
Ring Network - Each device is connected directly to its neighbors, and messages are
forwarded from device to device until the proper destination is reached.
Mesh Network - Every device is connected directly to every other device in the network.
Domain Name Server (DNS) - Turns a user-friendly domain name, like Google.com, into
an Internet Protocol (IP) address like 70.42.251.42 that computers use to identify each
other on the network.
, Parts of URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - Protocol, Domain name, Resource/Filename
Domain Name - Identifies the server on which the web page can be found
Domain Name Parts - Top level domain (TLD) name and Host name
Host Name - Identifies the organization that is responsible for the information on the
page or provides the server space where the information is stored
TLD(Top Level Domain) Name - Always ends with a period and a three or two letter
extension which signifies the type of organization or country associated with the page
Resource/Filename ID - Indicates the name of the file you are accessing, or the location
of the document on the server
CIA - Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
Confidentiality - Requires that data bet kept secure so that they are not accidentally
provided or obtained by unauthorized users
Integrity - Requires that data is correct
Availability - Requires that information is available when needed
Data Integrity Efforts - 1st - Must include a component that ensures the accuracy of the
collected data
2nd - Must be entered into the system accurately
3rd - Data modification must be tracked
Strategic Risk Analysis - 1. Identify the organization's information assets
2. Identify vulnerabilities of each asset
3. Determine threats
4. Prioritizing risks
5. Develop and enact policies that will reduce threats
Information Security Classifications - Public - available through public sources; includes
names and addresses
Sensitive - not considered a threat to a person's privacy if others learn of it; include
email addresses
Private - information that could be a threat if disclosed to others; includes social security
and credit card numbers
