ATI Testings’ (Pharm2)
NCLEX-Cardiovascular Meds / 190+ Actual
Questions with Definitive Solutions /
2025/2026
Question Answer
What does anti-coagulant do? Prevent extension and formation of clots
How does anti-coagulant prevent Inhibit factors in clotting cascade and decrease
clots? blood coagulability
Clot formation in MI, unstable angina, atrial fib, DVT,
When is anti-coagulants
Pulmonary embolism & presence of mechanical
administered?
heart valves
With active bleeding (except for DIC), bleeding
When is anti-coagulant
disorder, blood dyscrasias, ulcers, liver & kidney
contraindicated?
disease, hemorrhagic brain injuries
Hemorrhage, hematuria, epistaxis, ecchymosis,
What are SE of anti-coagulants?
bleeding gums, thrombocytopenia, hypotension
What does Heparin sodium do? Prevents thrombin from converting fibrinogen to
, fibrin
What does Heparin prevent? Thromboembolism
What does therapeutic dose of Does not dissolve clots but prevents new thrombus
Heparin do? formation
What is the NORMAL aPTT BLOOD 20-36 seconds in most lab but may be as high as 40
LEVEL? - 75
What should the aPTT level be in
order to maintain a therapeutic lvl
1.5 t0 2.5 times of normal value
of anti-coagulant when pt is
receiving infusion of heparin
How often should aPTT be
measured during initial continuous Every 4 - 6 hours
infusion therapy and then daily?
If aPTT is > 80 sec and < 60 sec,
Lower dosage and increase dosage respectively
what should be done?
Monitor aPTT, platelet count, bleeding gums,
Nursing interventions for Heparin? bruises, epitaxis, hematuria, hematemesis, occult
blood in stool, petechiae
How should SC Heparin be Inject 90 degree angle without aspirating or rubbing
administered? on abdomen with 5/8 inch needle (25-28gauge)
How should continuous infusion be
Infusion Pump to ensure precise rate of delivery
given?
, Nurse teachings on Heparin? Instruct pt regarding measures to prevent bleeding
What is the antidote to Heparin? PROTAMINE SULFATE
WHAT ARE EXAMPLES OF ORAL
WARFARIN sodium(Coumadin)
ANTI-COAGULANTS?
What are EXAMPLES OF HEPARIN SODIUM, ENOXAPARIN, ARGATROBAN,
PARENTERAL ANTI-COAGULANTS? DALTEPARIN, DESIRUDIN, TINZAPARIN, LEPIRUDIN,
CIMETIDINE, CORTICOSTEROIDS, ALLOPURINOL,
GREEN LEAFY VEGETABLES & FOODS HIGH IN
WHAT ARE SUBSTANCES TO AVOID
VITAMIN K, NSAIDS, ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC ,
WITH ANTI-COAGULANTS?
PHENYTOIN (DILANTIN),SULFONAMIDES,
SALICYLATES, GINGKO, GINSENG
What similiarities does
Same MoA but Enoxaparin has LONGER HALF LIFE
Enoxaparin(Lovenox)has compared
THAN HEPARIN and not interchageable with Heparin
to Heparin?
Is Enoxaparin low or high molecular
LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN
weight?
ONLY BY SUB-Q INJECTION TO RECUMBENT CLIENT
Nursing interventions for IN ANTEROLATERAL/POSTEROLATERAL ABD WALL.
Enoxaparin? DO NOT EXPEL AIR BUBBLE FROM PREFILLED
SYRINGE OR ASPIRATE DURING INJECTION
What is the antidote TO
PROTAMINE SULFATE
Enoxaparin?
What is the lab value for Same as Heparin and monitor for bleeding
NCLEX-Cardiovascular Meds / 190+ Actual
Questions with Definitive Solutions /
2025/2026
Question Answer
What does anti-coagulant do? Prevent extension and formation of clots
How does anti-coagulant prevent Inhibit factors in clotting cascade and decrease
clots? blood coagulability
Clot formation in MI, unstable angina, atrial fib, DVT,
When is anti-coagulants
Pulmonary embolism & presence of mechanical
administered?
heart valves
With active bleeding (except for DIC), bleeding
When is anti-coagulant
disorder, blood dyscrasias, ulcers, liver & kidney
contraindicated?
disease, hemorrhagic brain injuries
Hemorrhage, hematuria, epistaxis, ecchymosis,
What are SE of anti-coagulants?
bleeding gums, thrombocytopenia, hypotension
What does Heparin sodium do? Prevents thrombin from converting fibrinogen to
, fibrin
What does Heparin prevent? Thromboembolism
What does therapeutic dose of Does not dissolve clots but prevents new thrombus
Heparin do? formation
What is the NORMAL aPTT BLOOD 20-36 seconds in most lab but may be as high as 40
LEVEL? - 75
What should the aPTT level be in
order to maintain a therapeutic lvl
1.5 t0 2.5 times of normal value
of anti-coagulant when pt is
receiving infusion of heparin
How often should aPTT be
measured during initial continuous Every 4 - 6 hours
infusion therapy and then daily?
If aPTT is > 80 sec and < 60 sec,
Lower dosage and increase dosage respectively
what should be done?
Monitor aPTT, platelet count, bleeding gums,
Nursing interventions for Heparin? bruises, epitaxis, hematuria, hematemesis, occult
blood in stool, petechiae
How should SC Heparin be Inject 90 degree angle without aspirating or rubbing
administered? on abdomen with 5/8 inch needle (25-28gauge)
How should continuous infusion be
Infusion Pump to ensure precise rate of delivery
given?
, Nurse teachings on Heparin? Instruct pt regarding measures to prevent bleeding
What is the antidote to Heparin? PROTAMINE SULFATE
WHAT ARE EXAMPLES OF ORAL
WARFARIN sodium(Coumadin)
ANTI-COAGULANTS?
What are EXAMPLES OF HEPARIN SODIUM, ENOXAPARIN, ARGATROBAN,
PARENTERAL ANTI-COAGULANTS? DALTEPARIN, DESIRUDIN, TINZAPARIN, LEPIRUDIN,
CIMETIDINE, CORTICOSTEROIDS, ALLOPURINOL,
GREEN LEAFY VEGETABLES & FOODS HIGH IN
WHAT ARE SUBSTANCES TO AVOID
VITAMIN K, NSAIDS, ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC ,
WITH ANTI-COAGULANTS?
PHENYTOIN (DILANTIN),SULFONAMIDES,
SALICYLATES, GINGKO, GINSENG
What similiarities does
Same MoA but Enoxaparin has LONGER HALF LIFE
Enoxaparin(Lovenox)has compared
THAN HEPARIN and not interchageable with Heparin
to Heparin?
Is Enoxaparin low or high molecular
LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN
weight?
ONLY BY SUB-Q INJECTION TO RECUMBENT CLIENT
Nursing interventions for IN ANTEROLATERAL/POSTEROLATERAL ABD WALL.
Enoxaparin? DO NOT EXPEL AIR BUBBLE FROM PREFILLED
SYRINGE OR ASPIRATE DURING INJECTION
What is the antidote TO
PROTAMINE SULFATE
Enoxaparin?
What is the lab value for Same as Heparin and monitor for bleeding
