1
UNL PHIL 106: final exam 2024 Comprehensive
需要写什么主题需要写什么主题的中文作文，是写故
Questions And Verified Answers/ Complete
事、议论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作文的
Solutions |Get It 100% Accurate!!
字数要求是多少呢？需要写什么主题的中文作文，是
Pluralism - (answers)There is more than one fundamental moral rule
写故事、议论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作
Ex: Ross
文的字数要求是多少呢？的中文作文，是写故事、议
论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作文的字数要
Monism - (answers)There is just one fundamental moral rule
求是多少呢？
Ex: Kant's categorical imperative
How does W.D. Ross's approach to the moral rule against promise breaking
differ from utilitarian approach and the Kantian approach? - (answers)Kant-
Formulate maxim, test the maxim and see if you could achieve that purpose in
a world when everyone was performing that maxim
Apply this to promise breaking
Ross- said it is okay to break promises to fill another, conflicting prima facie
duty or final duty
What is a prima facie duty? - (answers)A permanent, excellent but not absolute
reason to do something
How do we know what prima facie duties are? - (answers)We know what prima
facie duties are because they are self evident;
Evident without any need of proof or of evidence beyond itself
Final duty - (answers)If you have a prima facie duty to do X and dont have a
prima facie duty not to do X than you have a final duty to do X
, 2
What do philosophers mean when they object that Ross's theory doesn't
需要写什么主题需要写什么主题的中文作文，是写故
provide any guidance? - (answers)Ross's theory does not provide guidance of
事、议论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作文的
what a person should do when two prima facie duties conflict
字数要求是多少呢？需要写什么主题的中文作文，是
Ross's reply: is that we shouldn't expect there to be any such rule or behavior
写故事、议论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作
文的字数要求是多少呢？的中文作文，是写故事、议
What is moral particularism? - (answers)The belief that there are no moral
论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作文的字数要
rules - neither absolute moral rules nor prima facie rules
求是多少呢？
How could one object to moral pluralism? - (answers)???
For virtue ethics, what is the relationship between the questions, "what is it to
be a good person" and "Which actions are right"? - (answers)An act is morally
right just because it is one that a virtuous person, acting in character, would do
in this situation
Find out moral role models first
Ask: "what would those moral role models do in this situation?"
The answer to that question is the right action to do
How does virtue ethics approach to theses questions differ from approaches,
such as those of utilitarian and Kantian? - (answers)Virtue ethicists decide what
is morally okay based on if their role models would do it
Kantianism and utilitarianism are the opposite: decide what actions are right if
a person performs those morally right actions they are considered a good
person
According to virtue ethicists, which actions are right? - (answers)An act is
morally right just because it is one that a virtuous person, acting in character
would do in the situation
, 3
需要写什么主题需要写什么主题的中文作文，是写故
What did Aristotle mean when he said that virtue lies in a mean between two
事、议论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作文的
extremes?Doctrine of mean example: - (answers)The virtue of courage
字数要求是多少呢？需要写什么主题的中文作文，是
Cowardice- Afraid of everything is one extreme
写故事、议论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作
Rashness- not afraid of anything is the other extreme
文的字数要求是多少呢？的中文作文，是写故事、议
According to the Doctrine of Mean Aristotle thinks that you should be
论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作文的字数要
somewhere in the middle of these two extremes
求是多少呢？
He calls this fearful to the right degree, towards the right things = courage (the
mean)
How do people acquire virtue? - (answers)Habitual behavior:
You know you have acquired a virtuous trait when you feel pleasure when
performing virtuous actions
"You can't come up with a precise set of moral rules and principles but a person
with "practice and wisdom" will see what the right thing to do is
Explain some objections to virtue ethics - (answers)1. Its too demanding
2. It gives the wrong answer in some cases (sometimes when we ask what
would a virtuous person do it is the wrong answer)
3. It doesn't tell us how to pick role models
4. It doesn't tell us what we should do when there is more than one role model
who should we follow
5. Euthryphro objection
Euthyphro objection to virtue ethics - (answers)"Why does this virtuous person
help someone in need?"
1. For no reason at all?
UNL PHIL 106: final exam 2024 Comprehensive
需要写什么主题需要写什么主题的中文作文，是写故
Questions And Verified Answers/ Complete
事、议论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作文的
Solutions |Get It 100% Accurate!!
字数要求是多少呢？需要写什么主题的中文作文，是
Pluralism - (answers)There is more than one fundamental moral rule
写故事、议论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作
Ex: Ross
文的字数要求是多少呢？的中文作文，是写故事、议
论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作文的字数要
Monism - (answers)There is just one fundamental moral rule
求是多少呢？
Ex: Kant's categorical imperative
How does W.D. Ross's approach to the moral rule against promise breaking
differ from utilitarian approach and the Kantian approach? - (answers)Kant-
Formulate maxim, test the maxim and see if you could achieve that purpose in
a world when everyone was performing that maxim
Apply this to promise breaking
Ross- said it is okay to break promises to fill another, conflicting prima facie
duty or final duty
What is a prima facie duty? - (answers)A permanent, excellent but not absolute
reason to do something
How do we know what prima facie duties are? - (answers)We know what prima
facie duties are because they are self evident;
Evident without any need of proof or of evidence beyond itself
Final duty - (answers)If you have a prima facie duty to do X and dont have a
prima facie duty not to do X than you have a final duty to do X
, 2
What do philosophers mean when they object that Ross's theory doesn't
需要写什么主题需要写什么主题的中文作文，是写故
provide any guidance? - (answers)Ross's theory does not provide guidance of
事、议论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作文的
what a person should do when two prima facie duties conflict
字数要求是多少呢？需要写什么主题的中文作文，是
Ross's reply: is that we shouldn't expect there to be any such rule or behavior
写故事、议论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作
文的字数要求是多少呢？的中文作文，是写故事、议
What is moral particularism? - (answers)The belief that there are no moral
论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作文的字数要
rules - neither absolute moral rules nor prima facie rules
求是多少呢？
How could one object to moral pluralism? - (answers)???
For virtue ethics, what is the relationship between the questions, "what is it to
be a good person" and "Which actions are right"? - (answers)An act is morally
right just because it is one that a virtuous person, acting in character, would do
in this situation
Find out moral role models first
Ask: "what would those moral role models do in this situation?"
The answer to that question is the right action to do
How does virtue ethics approach to theses questions differ from approaches,
such as those of utilitarian and Kantian? - (answers)Virtue ethicists decide what
is morally okay based on if their role models would do it
Kantianism and utilitarianism are the opposite: decide what actions are right if
a person performs those morally right actions they are considered a good
person
According to virtue ethicists, which actions are right? - (answers)An act is
morally right just because it is one that a virtuous person, acting in character
would do in the situation
, 3
需要写什么主题需要写什么主题的中文作文，是写故
What did Aristotle mean when he said that virtue lies in a mean between two
事、议论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作文的
extremes?Doctrine of mean example: - (answers)The virtue of courage
字数要求是多少呢？需要写什么主题的中文作文，是
Cowardice- Afraid of everything is one extreme
写故事、议论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作
Rashness- not afraid of anything is the other extreme
文的字数要求是多少呢？的中文作文，是写故事、议
According to the Doctrine of Mean Aristotle thinks that you should be
论文、记叙文，还是其他类型？另外，作文的字数要
somewhere in the middle of these two extremes
求是多少呢？
He calls this fearful to the right degree, towards the right things = courage (the
mean)
How do people acquire virtue? - (answers)Habitual behavior:
You know you have acquired a virtuous trait when you feel pleasure when
performing virtuous actions
"You can't come up with a precise set of moral rules and principles but a person
with "practice and wisdom" will see what the right thing to do is
Explain some objections to virtue ethics - (answers)1. Its too demanding
2. It gives the wrong answer in some cases (sometimes when we ask what
would a virtuous person do it is the wrong answer)
3. It doesn't tell us how to pick role models
4. It doesn't tell us what we should do when there is more than one role model
who should we follow
5. Euthryphro objection
Euthyphro objection to virtue ethics - (answers)"Why does this virtuous person
help someone in need?"
1. For no reason at all?
