Test Bank for Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology:
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IntroductoryConcepts and Clinical Perspectives, 2nd
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Edition,TheresaCapriott i.z i.z
Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
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Multiple Choicei.z
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. i . z Whichstatement regarding the sodium–potassium pump is correct?
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1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
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2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
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3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell
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compartment. i.z
4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
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potassium ions. i.z i.z
In the absence of oxygen, which cellular function creates the same amount of energy as is
2. i . z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
created in the presence of oxygen?
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1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid i.z i.z i.z
2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. Activationofacetyl-coenzyme A i.z i.z i.z
4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. Howmany adenosinetriphosphates (ATPs) areproduced in aerobicenergy metabolism?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. 2 i . z i . z
2. 3 i . z i . z
3. i . z i . z 34
4. i . z i . z 53
4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
, 3. Ribonucleicacids i.z
4. Deoxyribonucleic acids i.z
5. Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
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1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein. i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
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3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
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4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands. i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
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1. Duringendoplasmic reticulumstress i.z i.z i.z
2. During the synthesis ofadenosine triphosphate (ATP) i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. During asevere hypoxic state i.z i.z i.z i.z
4. During the processing of prohormone i.z i.z i.z i.z
7. Whichcellular organelles are responsible forpropelling mucus and inhaled debris out ofthe lungs?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
3. Secretoryvesicles i.z
4. Endoplasmicreticula i.z
8. Whichare the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Actinand myosin i.z i.z
2. Prohormone andtubulin i.z i.z
3. Tubulin and actin i.z i.z
4. Myosinand prohormone i.z i.z
9. WhichdeficiencycausesTay–Sachsdisease?
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1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes i .z
10. Whichis a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy?
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1. Accumulation ofganglioside i.z i.z
2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. Accelerationof cellular proteasome activity i.z i.z i.z i.z
4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
11. Whichstatement regarding endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stressis correct?
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1. During ERstress, proteins are rapidly degraded. i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
2. During ER stress, lipids cannot traveltotheir properintracellular locations.
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. During ERstress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
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4. During ERstress,nondegraded substances accumulate in the cells.
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
,12. A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which function is likely to be
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
involved?
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1. Inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein
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2. Incorrect processing of a protein by the Golgi apparatus
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3. Stagnation ofa previously dynamic action inmicrotubules i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
4. Obstruction ofthe smooth endoplasmic reticulum i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular
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component is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
transferred?
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1. Transfer RNA i.z
2. Ribosomal RNA i.z
3. Double helix of DNA i.z i.z i.z
4. Mitochondrial DNA i.z
14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a mountain during a long, steep
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations?
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1. Cellularhypoxia i.z
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellularedema i.z
, i . z 15. i . z i Which factor provides DNA the unique molecular ability to replicate?
. z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases i.z i.z i.z i.z
2. The presence of pyrimidine bases i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. The presence of nucleotides i.z i.z i.z
4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
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i . z 16. i . z How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon? i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. i . z 2 i . z
2. i . z 3 i . z
3. i . z 4 i . z
4. i . z 5 i . z
i . z 17. i . z Which components form the structure of DNA? i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Nucleotides
2. Aminoacids i.z
3. Fatty acids i.z
4. Phosphates
i . z 18. i . z Which factor is essential in order for protein synthesis to occur? i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Free-standingribosomes withinthe cell i.z i.z i.z i.z
2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. Specific information fromthe nucleus of the cell i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
4. TransferRNA tomove the protein out of the cell i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
19. Tetracyclineantibiotic is prescribedforan adultclient withchlamydia infection. Whichis the i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
mechanism of action of the drug?
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1. It prevents the replication of bacteria. i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
2. It alterstheconfiguration of bacterial cytoplasm.
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3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
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4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
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20. Where does the conversion ofa prohormone into a hormone take place?
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1. In the ribosomes i.z i.z
2. In the Golgi apparatus i.z i.z i.z
3. In the secretory granules i.z i.z i.z
4. In the endoplasmic reticulum i.z i.z i.z
21. Which is the cell’s “master mind”? i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus i.z
4. Endoplasmicreticulum i.z
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
IntroductoryConcepts and Clinical Perspectives, 2nd
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Edition,TheresaCapriott i.z i.z
Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
Multiple Choicei.z
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. i . z Whichstatement regarding the sodium–potassium pump is correct?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
compartment. i.z
4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
potassium ions. i.z i.z
In the absence of oxygen, which cellular function creates the same amount of energy as is
2. i . z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
created in the presence of oxygen?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid i.z i.z i.z
2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. Activationofacetyl-coenzyme A i.z i.z i.z
4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. Howmany adenosinetriphosphates (ATPs) areproduced in aerobicenergy metabolism?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. 2 i . z i . z
2. 3 i . z i . z
3. i . z i . z 34
4. i . z i . z 53
4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
, 3. Ribonucleicacids i.z
4. Deoxyribonucleic acids i.z
5. Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein. i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands. i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Duringendoplasmic reticulumstress i.z i.z i.z
2. During the synthesis ofadenosine triphosphate (ATP) i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. During asevere hypoxic state i.z i.z i.z i.z
4. During the processing of prohormone i.z i.z i.z i.z
7. Whichcellular organelles are responsible forpropelling mucus and inhaled debris out ofthe lungs?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
3. Secretoryvesicles i.z
4. Endoplasmicreticula i.z
8. Whichare the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Actinand myosin i.z i.z
2. Prohormone andtubulin i.z i.z
3. Tubulin and actin i.z i.z
4. Myosinand prohormone i.z i.z
9. WhichdeficiencycausesTay–Sachsdisease?
i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes i .z
10. Whichis a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Accumulation ofganglioside i.z i.z
2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. Accelerationof cellular proteasome activity i.z i.z i.z i.z
4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
11. Whichstatement regarding endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stressis correct?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. During ERstress, proteins are rapidly degraded. i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
2. During ER stress, lipids cannot traveltotheir properintracellular locations.
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. During ERstress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
4. During ERstress,nondegraded substances accumulate in the cells.
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
,12. A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which function is likely to be
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
involved?
i.z
1. Inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
2. Incorrect processing of a protein by the Golgi apparatus
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. Stagnation ofa previously dynamic action inmicrotubules i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
4. Obstruction ofthe smooth endoplasmic reticulum i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
component is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
transferred?
i.z
1. Transfer RNA i.z
2. Ribosomal RNA i.z
3. Double helix of DNA i.z i.z i.z
4. Mitochondrial DNA i.z
14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a mountain during a long, steep
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Cellularhypoxia i.z
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellularedema i.z
, i . z 15. i . z i Which factor provides DNA the unique molecular ability to replicate?
. z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases i.z i.z i.z i.z
2. The presence of pyrimidine bases i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. The presence of nucleotides i.z i.z i.z
4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
i . z 16. i . z How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon? i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. i . z 2 i . z
2. i . z 3 i . z
3. i . z 4 i . z
4. i . z 5 i . z
i . z 17. i . z Which components form the structure of DNA? i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Nucleotides
2. Aminoacids i.z
3. Fatty acids i.z
4. Phosphates
i . z 18. i . z Which factor is essential in order for protein synthesis to occur? i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Free-standingribosomes withinthe cell i.z i.z i.z i.z
2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. Specific information fromthe nucleus of the cell i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
4. TransferRNA tomove the protein out of the cell i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
19. Tetracyclineantibiotic is prescribedforan adultclient withchlamydia infection. Whichis the i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
mechanism of action of the drug?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. It prevents the replication of bacteria. i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
2. It alterstheconfiguration of bacterial cytoplasm.
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
20. Where does the conversion ofa prohormone into a hormone take place?
i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. In the ribosomes i.z i.z
2. In the Golgi apparatus i.z i.z i.z
3. In the secretory granules i.z i.z i.z
4. In the endoplasmic reticulum i.z i.z i.z
21. Which is the cell’s “master mind”? i.z i.z i.z i.z i.z
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus i.z
4. Endoplasmicreticulum i.z
