EPPP Prep EXAM 1 2025/2026 Graded A+
(VERIFIED)
Aetiology for ID - 5% hereditary
30% alterations in embryonic development
10% problems in pregnancy/pre-natal
15-20% environmental or other mental disorders
30-40% etiology unknown
Etiology of LD - cerebellar-vestibular dysfunction
incomplete hemispheric dominance
toxin exposure
deficits in phonological processing
New areas for SLD within DSM-5 - oral language
reading
written language
mathematics
Best outcomes for ASD associated with? - 1. verbal communication by age 5 or 6
2. IQ over 70
3. Later onset of symptoms
Classification of severity levels for ASD - Level 1: requiring support
Level 2: requiring substantial support
Level 3: requiring very substantial support
Brain abnormalities associated with ASD - small cerebellum
enlarged ventricles
catecholamine abnormalities
, Characteristics of Retts - females only
head
hands
motor
social/language
Comorbidity with ADHD - 30-90% conduct disorder
50% LD
also: ODD, anxiety disorders, MDD
Brain abnormalities associated with ADHD - lowered activity and smaller brain structure size in:
caudate nucleus
globus pallidus
prefrontal cortex
Subtypes of conduct disorder - childhood onset (prior to age 10)
adolescent onset
life course versus adolescence limited
Characteristics of Tourette's - at least one verbal and multiple motor tics
most common age of onset 6-7 years
more common in males
Etiology of Tourettes - higher levels of dopamine
and/or
supersensitivity of dopamine receptors in the caudate nucleus
Associated features/disorders with Tourettes - Most common--obsessions/compulsions
also hyperactivity and inattention
(VERIFIED)
Aetiology for ID - 5% hereditary
30% alterations in embryonic development
10% problems in pregnancy/pre-natal
15-20% environmental or other mental disorders
30-40% etiology unknown
Etiology of LD - cerebellar-vestibular dysfunction
incomplete hemispheric dominance
toxin exposure
deficits in phonological processing
New areas for SLD within DSM-5 - oral language
reading
written language
mathematics
Best outcomes for ASD associated with? - 1. verbal communication by age 5 or 6
2. IQ over 70
3. Later onset of symptoms
Classification of severity levels for ASD - Level 1: requiring support
Level 2: requiring substantial support
Level 3: requiring very substantial support
Brain abnormalities associated with ASD - small cerebellum
enlarged ventricles
catecholamine abnormalities
, Characteristics of Retts - females only
head
hands
motor
social/language
Comorbidity with ADHD - 30-90% conduct disorder
50% LD
also: ODD, anxiety disorders, MDD
Brain abnormalities associated with ADHD - lowered activity and smaller brain structure size in:
caudate nucleus
globus pallidus
prefrontal cortex
Subtypes of conduct disorder - childhood onset (prior to age 10)
adolescent onset
life course versus adolescence limited
Characteristics of Tourette's - at least one verbal and multiple motor tics
most common age of onset 6-7 years
more common in males
Etiology of Tourettes - higher levels of dopamine
and/or
supersensitivity of dopamine receptors in the caudate nucleus
Associated features/disorders with Tourettes - Most common--obsessions/compulsions
also hyperactivity and inattention
