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Morris
Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology
Multiple-Choice
What Is Psychology?
Learning Objectives
Define psychology and describe the major subfields within psychology.
Describe the five enduring issues that cut across the subfields of psychology.
Explain what psychology has in common with other sciences, how psychologists use the
scientific method, and the difference between theories and hypotheses.
Apply critical thinking to an article in a magazine or newspaper.
1. Psychology is the scientific study of ________.
a. how personality can be determined by the size and shape of one's head
b. behavior and mental processes
c. the physiological functions of the brain
d. how cultures and societies develop and interact with each other
Answer: b
Difficulty: 1
Page Reference: 3
Topic: What Is Psychology?
Skill: F
2. Psychologists are interested in ________.
a. every aspect of human thought and behavior
Correct: The different perspectives of psychology encompass every aspect of human thoughts,
feelings, and actions.
b. aspects of human behavior, but not human thought
Incorrect: Behavior is absolutely crucial to the study of psychology, but so too is the concept of
human thought.
c. aspects of human thought, but not human behavior
d. only major aspects of human thought and behavior
Answer: a
Difficulty: 1
Page Reference: 3
Topic: What Is Psychology?
Skill: C
3. Psychology ________.
a. rarely redefines itself, and when it does, it does so more narrowly
b. virtually never redefines itself
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Morris Morris
Incorrect: The field of psychology is very introspective, making sure to redefine itself as often as Correct: A developmental psychologist would be an expert in the cognitive development of
is necessary. children, so would have good information on how to structure children’s television
c. continually redefines itself more narrowly programming.
d. continually redefines itself more broadly c. personality
Correct: New research methods, areas of inquiry, and collaborations with other sciences allows d. clinical
psychology to continually redefine itself. Incorrect: A clinical psychologist might, indeed, work with children with various levels of
psychopathology, but the best answer here is an expert on children’s development, or a
Answer: d developmental psychologist.
Difficulty: 2
Page Reference: 3 Answer: b
Topic: What Is Psychology? Difficulty: 1 4 yr.: 90% r = .31
Skill: F Page Reference: 4
Topic: What Is Psychology?
Skill: A
4. Psychology is ________.
a. is a single, unified field of study
Incorrect: There is no single, unifying definition of psychology; rather, it is a combination of 7. Life-span psychologists focus mainly on studying ________.
many different areas of academic pursuit. a. adolescent changes and development
b. is an "umbrella" for a loose amalgamation of different subfields b. the adult years
Correct: The fact that there is no single unifying definition of psychology suggests that it is a c. the entire developmental spectrum from infancy through adulthood
combination of many sub-disciplines. d. infancy and childhood development
c. is comprised of two distinct subfields
d. not a field of study at all Answer: b
Difficulty: 2
Answer: b Page Reference: 4
Difficulty: 1 Topic: What Is Psychology?
Page Reference: 3 Skill: F
Topic: What Is Psychology?
Skill: C
8. The American Psychological Association is made up of about ________ divisions.
a. 10
5. Each of the following is a specialty area within developmental psychology EXCEPT b. 30
________. c. 70
a. lifespan psychology d. 50
b. psychobiology
c. child psychology Answer: d
d. adolescent psychology Difficulty: 2
Page Reference: 4
Answer: b Topic: What Is Psychology?
Difficulty: 1 Skill: F
Page Reference: 4
Topic: What Is Psychology?
Skill: F 9. A group of psychologists study human, mental, and physical growth from the prenatal period
through childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. They are most likely ________
psychologists.
6. If I ran a TV station and wanted a consultant to advise me on children's programming, I would a. developmental
most likely hire a(n) ________ psychologist. Correct: Developmental psychologists study all aspects of growth and change from conception
a. experimental through death.
b. developmental b. social
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Morris Morris
Incorrect: Social psychologists study the bidirectional effects that people have on each other, c. Behavioral geneticists
including thoughts, feelings, and actions. d. Neuropsychologists
c. personality Correct: Neuropsychologists focus on the functions of the brain, including electrical and
d. organizational chemical processes, as well as the rest of the nervous system.
Answer: a Answer: d
Difficulty: 1 Difficulty: 1
Page Reference: 4 Page Reference: 5
Topic: What Is Psychology? Topic: What Is Psychology?
Skill: A Skill: C
10. Child psychology, adolescent psychology, and lifespan psychology are specialty areas within 13. A group of psychologists are interested in how the brain enables us to perceive the world
the field of psychology known as ________ psychology. through our senses, and feel emotions such as anger, sadness, and joy. They are most likely to be
a. health ________.
b. physiological a. neuropsychologists
c. personality Correct: Neuropsychologists focus on the functions of the brain, including electrical and
d. developmental chemical processes, as well as the rest of the nervous system.
b. experimental psychologists
Answer: d c. psychobiologists
Difficulty: 1 Incorrect: A neuropsychologist is a type of psychobiologist, and so both answers are “sort of”
Page Reference: 4 right. The best answer, however, is neuropsychologist.
Topic: What Is Psychology? d. behavioral geneticists
Skill: F
Answer: a
Difficulty: 1
11. ________ investigate the impact of heredity on both normal and abnormal traits and Page Reference: 5
behavior. Topic: What Is Psychology?
a. Behavioral geneticists Skill: A
Correct: Behavioral geneticists focus on how genetics influence the traits and behaviors we
develop throughout life.
b. Experimental psychologists 14. A group of psychologists are interested in how hormones, psychoactive medications, and
c. Neuropsychologists "social drugs" affect us. They are most likely to be ________.
d. Psychobiologists a. neuropsychologists
Incorrect: A behavioral geneticist is a type of psychobiologist, but the best answer is a Incorrect: A neuropsychologist would definitely be interested in how drugs affect the brain, but
behavioral geneticist. the more general answer of psychobiologist is the best choice.
b. psychobiologists
Answer: a Correct: Psychobiologists are interested in the biological bases of human behavior, which
Difficulty: 2 includes the way that chemicals such as hormones and drugs affect individuals’ actions.
Page Reference: 5 c. experimental psychologists
Topic: What Is Psychology? d. behavioral geneticists
Skill: C
Answer: b
Difficulty: 2
12. ________ are interested in the workings of the brain and the nervous system. Page Reference: 5
a. Experimental psychologists Topic: What Is Psychology?
b. Psychobiologists Skill: A
Incorrect: A neuropsychologist is a type of psychobiologist, but the best answer is a
neuropsychologist.
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Morris Morris
15. A group of psychologists conduct research on basic psychological processes, including Page Reference: 5
learning, memory, sensation, perception, cognition, motivation, and emotion. They are most Topic: What Is Psychology?
likely ________ psychologists. Skill: A
a. physiological
b. clinical
c. experimental 18. Researchers have found that men are usually assumed to be more aggressive than women.
d. psychometric However, women believe they are not being observed they are often just as aggressive as men.
Of the following professionals, ________ psychologists would probably be the MOST interested
Answer: c in these findings.
Difficulty: 1 a. clinical
Page Reference: 5 b. developmental
Topic: What Is Psychology? Incorrect: A developmental psychologist might have some interest in how personality develops,
Skill: F but the process of development is his or her primary interest.
c. psychometric
d. personality
16. Researchers have found that men tend to use their brains differently than women when Correct: Personality psychologists have an interest in identifying and understanding the
solving some types of problems. Which of the following types of psychologists would probably differences between individuals.
be MOST interested in conducting this type of research?
a. experimental psychologists Answer: d
Correct: Experimental psychologists apply the rules of science to conducting research and Difficulty: 2
attempting to gather data that explain psychology phenomena. Page Reference: 5
b. industrial/organizational psychologists Topic: What Is Psychology?
c. social psychologists Skill: A
d. psychometric psychologists
Incorrect: A psychometric psychologist might be consulted to help interpret the statistics of a
research project, but the best answer to this question is experimental psychologist. 19. A group of psychologists study the differences among individuals traits such as anxiety,
sociability, self-esteem, the need for achievement, and aggressiveness. They are most likely
Answer: a ________ psychologists.
Difficulty: 1 a. clinical
Page Reference: 5 b. developmental
Topic: What Is Psychology? Incorrect: A developmental psychologist might have some interest in how personality develops,
Skill: A but the process of development is his or her primary interest.
c. psychometric
d. personality
17. Researchers have found that memory processing involves at least three distinct stages: Correct: Personality psychologists have an interest in identifying and understanding the
sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Which of the following differences between individuals.
professionals is MOST likely to be interested in conducting research on information such as
this? Answer: d
a. educational psychologists Difficulty: 3
b. experimental psychologists Page Reference: 5
Correct: Conducting research and applying the rules of science to psychological inquiry is the Topic: What Is Psychology?
job of an experimental psychologist. Skill: A
c. clinical psychologists
Incorrect: A clinical psychologist might have a great deal of interest in the results of this
research, but the research is conducted by an experimental psychologist. 20. A group of psychologists is attempting to determine what causes some people to be
d. industrial/organizational psychologists optimistic and sociable, while others are pessimistic and reserved. They are most likely to be
________ psychologists.
Answer: b a. developmental
Difficulty: 2
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Morris
Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology
Multiple-Choice
What Is Psychology?
Learning Objectives
Define psychology and describe the major subfields within psychology.
Describe the five enduring issues that cut across the subfields of psychology.
Explain what psychology has in common with other sciences, how psychologists use the
scientific method, and the difference between theories and hypotheses.
Apply critical thinking to an article in a magazine or newspaper.
1. Psychology is the scientific study of ________.
a. how personality can be determined by the size and shape of one's head
b. behavior and mental processes
c. the physiological functions of the brain
d. how cultures and societies develop and interact with each other
Answer: b
Difficulty: 1
Page Reference: 3
Topic: What Is Psychology?
Skill: F
2. Psychologists are interested in ________.
a. every aspect of human thought and behavior
Correct: The different perspectives of psychology encompass every aspect of human thoughts,
feelings, and actions.
b. aspects of human behavior, but not human thought
Incorrect: Behavior is absolutely crucial to the study of psychology, but so too is the concept of
human thought.
c. aspects of human thought, but not human behavior
d. only major aspects of human thought and behavior
Answer: a
Difficulty: 1
Page Reference: 3
Topic: What Is Psychology?
Skill: C
3. Psychology ________.
a. rarely redefines itself, and when it does, it does so more narrowly
b. virtually never redefines itself
buy this full document at http://test-bank.us
, Full file at http://testbanksstore.eu/Test-Bank-for-Understanding-Psychology-9th-Edition-by- Full file at http://testbanksstore.eu/Test-Bank-for-Understanding-Psychology-9th-Edition-by-
Morris Morris
Incorrect: The field of psychology is very introspective, making sure to redefine itself as often as Correct: A developmental psychologist would be an expert in the cognitive development of
is necessary. children, so would have good information on how to structure children’s television
c. continually redefines itself more narrowly programming.
d. continually redefines itself more broadly c. personality
Correct: New research methods, areas of inquiry, and collaborations with other sciences allows d. clinical
psychology to continually redefine itself. Incorrect: A clinical psychologist might, indeed, work with children with various levels of
psychopathology, but the best answer here is an expert on children’s development, or a
Answer: d developmental psychologist.
Difficulty: 2
Page Reference: 3 Answer: b
Topic: What Is Psychology? Difficulty: 1 4 yr.: 90% r = .31
Skill: F Page Reference: 4
Topic: What Is Psychology?
Skill: A
4. Psychology is ________.
a. is a single, unified field of study
Incorrect: There is no single, unifying definition of psychology; rather, it is a combination of 7. Life-span psychologists focus mainly on studying ________.
many different areas of academic pursuit. a. adolescent changes and development
b. is an "umbrella" for a loose amalgamation of different subfields b. the adult years
Correct: The fact that there is no single unifying definition of psychology suggests that it is a c. the entire developmental spectrum from infancy through adulthood
combination of many sub-disciplines. d. infancy and childhood development
c. is comprised of two distinct subfields
d. not a field of study at all Answer: b
Difficulty: 2
Answer: b Page Reference: 4
Difficulty: 1 Topic: What Is Psychology?
Page Reference: 3 Skill: F
Topic: What Is Psychology?
Skill: C
8. The American Psychological Association is made up of about ________ divisions.
a. 10
5. Each of the following is a specialty area within developmental psychology EXCEPT b. 30
________. c. 70
a. lifespan psychology d. 50
b. psychobiology
c. child psychology Answer: d
d. adolescent psychology Difficulty: 2
Page Reference: 4
Answer: b Topic: What Is Psychology?
Difficulty: 1 Skill: F
Page Reference: 4
Topic: What Is Psychology?
Skill: F 9. A group of psychologists study human, mental, and physical growth from the prenatal period
through childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. They are most likely ________
psychologists.
6. If I ran a TV station and wanted a consultant to advise me on children's programming, I would a. developmental
most likely hire a(n) ________ psychologist. Correct: Developmental psychologists study all aspects of growth and change from conception
a. experimental through death.
b. developmental b. social
buy this full document at http://test-bank.us buy this full document at http://test-bank.us
, Full file at http://testbanksstore.eu/Test-Bank-for-Understanding-Psychology-9th-Edition-by- Full file at http://testbanksstore.eu/Test-Bank-for-Understanding-Psychology-9th-Edition-by-
Morris Morris
Incorrect: Social psychologists study the bidirectional effects that people have on each other, c. Behavioral geneticists
including thoughts, feelings, and actions. d. Neuropsychologists
c. personality Correct: Neuropsychologists focus on the functions of the brain, including electrical and
d. organizational chemical processes, as well as the rest of the nervous system.
Answer: a Answer: d
Difficulty: 1 Difficulty: 1
Page Reference: 4 Page Reference: 5
Topic: What Is Psychology? Topic: What Is Psychology?
Skill: A Skill: C
10. Child psychology, adolescent psychology, and lifespan psychology are specialty areas within 13. A group of psychologists are interested in how the brain enables us to perceive the world
the field of psychology known as ________ psychology. through our senses, and feel emotions such as anger, sadness, and joy. They are most likely to be
a. health ________.
b. physiological a. neuropsychologists
c. personality Correct: Neuropsychologists focus on the functions of the brain, including electrical and
d. developmental chemical processes, as well as the rest of the nervous system.
b. experimental psychologists
Answer: d c. psychobiologists
Difficulty: 1 Incorrect: A neuropsychologist is a type of psychobiologist, and so both answers are “sort of”
Page Reference: 4 right. The best answer, however, is neuropsychologist.
Topic: What Is Psychology? d. behavioral geneticists
Skill: F
Answer: a
Difficulty: 1
11. ________ investigate the impact of heredity on both normal and abnormal traits and Page Reference: 5
behavior. Topic: What Is Psychology?
a. Behavioral geneticists Skill: A
Correct: Behavioral geneticists focus on how genetics influence the traits and behaviors we
develop throughout life.
b. Experimental psychologists 14. A group of psychologists are interested in how hormones, psychoactive medications, and
c. Neuropsychologists "social drugs" affect us. They are most likely to be ________.
d. Psychobiologists a. neuropsychologists
Incorrect: A behavioral geneticist is a type of psychobiologist, but the best answer is a Incorrect: A neuropsychologist would definitely be interested in how drugs affect the brain, but
behavioral geneticist. the more general answer of psychobiologist is the best choice.
b. psychobiologists
Answer: a Correct: Psychobiologists are interested in the biological bases of human behavior, which
Difficulty: 2 includes the way that chemicals such as hormones and drugs affect individuals’ actions.
Page Reference: 5 c. experimental psychologists
Topic: What Is Psychology? d. behavioral geneticists
Skill: C
Answer: b
Difficulty: 2
12. ________ are interested in the workings of the brain and the nervous system. Page Reference: 5
a. Experimental psychologists Topic: What Is Psychology?
b. Psychobiologists Skill: A
Incorrect: A neuropsychologist is a type of psychobiologist, but the best answer is a
neuropsychologist.
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, Full file at http://testbanksstore.eu/Test-Bank-for-Understanding-Psychology-9th-Edition-by- Full file at http://testbanksstore.eu/Test-Bank-for-Understanding-Psychology-9th-Edition-by-
Morris Morris
15. A group of psychologists conduct research on basic psychological processes, including Page Reference: 5
learning, memory, sensation, perception, cognition, motivation, and emotion. They are most Topic: What Is Psychology?
likely ________ psychologists. Skill: A
a. physiological
b. clinical
c. experimental 18. Researchers have found that men are usually assumed to be more aggressive than women.
d. psychometric However, women believe they are not being observed they are often just as aggressive as men.
Of the following professionals, ________ psychologists would probably be the MOST interested
Answer: c in these findings.
Difficulty: 1 a. clinical
Page Reference: 5 b. developmental
Topic: What Is Psychology? Incorrect: A developmental psychologist might have some interest in how personality develops,
Skill: F but the process of development is his or her primary interest.
c. psychometric
d. personality
16. Researchers have found that men tend to use their brains differently than women when Correct: Personality psychologists have an interest in identifying and understanding the
solving some types of problems. Which of the following types of psychologists would probably differences between individuals.
be MOST interested in conducting this type of research?
a. experimental psychologists Answer: d
Correct: Experimental psychologists apply the rules of science to conducting research and Difficulty: 2
attempting to gather data that explain psychology phenomena. Page Reference: 5
b. industrial/organizational psychologists Topic: What Is Psychology?
c. social psychologists Skill: A
d. psychometric psychologists
Incorrect: A psychometric psychologist might be consulted to help interpret the statistics of a
research project, but the best answer to this question is experimental psychologist. 19. A group of psychologists study the differences among individuals traits such as anxiety,
sociability, self-esteem, the need for achievement, and aggressiveness. They are most likely
Answer: a ________ psychologists.
Difficulty: 1 a. clinical
Page Reference: 5 b. developmental
Topic: What Is Psychology? Incorrect: A developmental psychologist might have some interest in how personality develops,
Skill: A but the process of development is his or her primary interest.
c. psychometric
d. personality
17. Researchers have found that memory processing involves at least three distinct stages: Correct: Personality psychologists have an interest in identifying and understanding the
sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Which of the following differences between individuals.
professionals is MOST likely to be interested in conducting research on information such as
this? Answer: d
a. educational psychologists Difficulty: 3
b. experimental psychologists Page Reference: 5
Correct: Conducting research and applying the rules of science to psychological inquiry is the Topic: What Is Psychology?
job of an experimental psychologist. Skill: A
c. clinical psychologists
Incorrect: A clinical psychologist might have a great deal of interest in the results of this
research, but the research is conducted by an experimental psychologist. 20. A group of psychologists is attempting to determine what causes some people to be
d. industrial/organizational psychologists optimistic and sociable, while others are pessimistic and reserved. They are most likely to be
________ psychologists.
Answer: b a. developmental
Difficulty: 2
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