: Neonatal & Pediatric Respiratory Care 5th Edition Test Bank (2020)

TESTBANK n
b




NEONATAL & PEDIATRIC RESPI
bn bn bn




RATORY CARE bn




5th Edition, Walsh
b n

bn




TESTBANK n
b

,Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care, 5th Edition, Brian K. Walsh Test Bank
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn




Table of Contents
bn bn



Chapter 1. Fetal Lung Development
bn bn bn bn



Chapter 2. Fetal Gas Exchange and Circulation
bn bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 3. Antenatal Assessment and High-Risk Delivery
bn bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 4. Examination and Assessment of the Neonatal and Pediatric Patient
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 5. Pulmonary Function Testing and Bedside Pulmonary Mechanics
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 6. Radiographic Assessment
bn bn bn



Chapter 7. Pediatric Flexible Bronchoscopy
bn bn bn bn



Chapter 8. Invasive Blood Gas Analysis and Cardiovascular Monitoring
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 9. Noninvasive Monitoring in Neonatal and Pediatric Care
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 10. Oxygen Administration
bn bn bn



Chapter 11. Aerosols and Administration of Inhaled Medications
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 12. Airway Clearance Techniques and Hyperinflation Therapy
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 13. Airway Management
bn bn bn



Chapter 14. Surfactant Replacement Therapy
bn bn bn bn



Chapter 15. Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation and Continuous Positive Pressure of the Neonate
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 16. Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation of the Infant and Child
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 17. Invasive Mechanical Ventilation of the Neonate and Pediatric Patient
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 18. Administration of Gas Mixtures
bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 19. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
bn bn bn bn



Chapter 20. Pharmacology
bn bn



Chapter 21. Thoracic Organ Transplantation
bn bn bn bn



Chapter 22. Neonatal Pulmonary Disorders
bn bn bn bn



Chapter 23. Surgical Disorders in Childhood that Affect Respiratory Care
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 24. Congenital Cardiac Defects
bn bn bn bn



Chapter 25. Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing
bn bn bn bn



Chapter 26. Pediatric Airway Disorders and Parenchymal Lung Diseases
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 27. Asthma
bn bn



Chapter 28. Cystic Fibrosis
bn bn bn



Chapter 29. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 30. Shock
bn bn



Chapter 31. Pediatric Trauma
bn bn bn



Chapter 32. Disorders of the Pleura
bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 33. Neurological and Neuromuscular Disorders
bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 34. Pediatric Emergencies
bn bn bn



Chapter 35. Home Care of the Postpartum Family
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



Chapter 36. Quality and Safety
bn bn bn bn

,Chapter 1: Fetal Lung Development
bn bn bn bn


Walsh: Neonatal & Pediatric Respiratory Care 5th Edition Test Bank (2020)
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn




MULTIPLE CHOICE bn




1. Which of the following phases of human lung development is characterized by the formati
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



on of a capillary network around airway passages?
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn


a. Pseudoglandular
b. Saccular
c. Alveolar
d. Canalicular

ANS: D bn


The canalicular phase follows the pseudoglandular phase, lasting from approximately 17 w
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn


eeks to 26 weeks of gestation. This phase is so named because of the appearance of vascular
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn


channels, or capillaries, which begin to grow by forming a capillary network around the a
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



ir passages. During the pseudoglandular stage, which begins at day 52 and extends to wee
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn


k 16 of gestation, the airway system subdivides extensively and the conducting airway sys
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



tem develops, ending with the terminal bronchioles. The saccular stage of development, w
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn


hich takes place from weeks 29 to 36 of gestation, is characterized by the development of s
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



acs that later become alveoli. During the saccular phase, a tremendous increase in the pote
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn


ntial gas- bn


exchanging surface area occurs. The distinction between the saccular stage and the alveol
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



ar stage is arbitrary. The alveolar stage stretches from 39 weeks of gestation to term. This
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



stage is represented by the establishment of alveoli.
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn




REF: pp. 3-5 bn b n




2. Regarding postnatal lung growth, by approximately what age do most of the alveoli that w
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



ill be present in the lungs for life develop?
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn


a. 6 months bn


b. 1 year bn


c. 1.5 years bn


d. 2 years bn




ANS: C bn


Most of the postnatal formation of alveoli in the infant occurs over the first 1.5 years of li
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn


fe. At 2 years of age, the number of alveoli varies substantially among individuals. After 2 y
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



ears of age, males have more alveoli than do females. After alveolar multiplication ends, t
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



he alveoli continue to increase in size until thoracic growth is completed.
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn




REF: p. 6 bn bn




3. The respiratory therapist is evaluating a newborn with mild respiratory distress due to trache
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



al stenosis. During which period of lung development did this problem develop?
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn

, a. Embryonal
b. Saccular
c. Canalicular
d. Alveolar
ANS: A bn


The initial structures of the pulmonary tree develop during the embryonal stage. Errors in
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn


development during this time may result in laryngeal, tracheal, or esophageal atresia or ste
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



nosis. Pulmonary hypoplasia, an incomplete development of the lungs characterized by an ab
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn


normally low number and/or size of bronchopulmonary segments and/or alveoli, can devel
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



op during the pseudoglandular phase. If the fetus is born during the canalicular phase (i.e.,
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



prematurely), severe respiratory distress can be expected because the inadequately develo
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



ped airways, along with insufficient and immature surfactant production by alveolar type I
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



I cells, gives rise to the constellation of problems known as infant respiratory distress syn
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



drome.

REF: bnbn p. 6 bn




4. Which of the following mechanisms is (are) responsible for the possible association betwee
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



n oligohydramnios and lung hypoplasia?
bn bn bn bn




I. Abnormal carbohydrate metabolism bn bn


II. Mechanical restriction of the chest wall bn bn bn bn bn



III. Interference with fetal breathing bn bn bn



IV. Failure to produce fetal lung liquid bn bn bn bn bn


a. I and III onlybn bn bn


b. II and III only bn bn bn


c. I, II, and IV onlybn bn bn bn


d. II, III, and IV only bn bn bn bn




ANS: D bn


Oligohydramnios, a reduced quantity of amniotic fluid present for an extended period of tim
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



e, with or without renal anomalies, is associated with lung hypoplasia. The mechanisms by
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn b



which amniotic fluid volume influences lung growth remain unclear. Possible explanations f
n bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn


or reduced quantity of amniotic fluid include mechanical restriction of the chest wall, interf
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



erence with fetal breathing, or failure to produce fetal lung liquid. These clinical and experi
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



mental observations possibly point to a common denominator, lung stretch, as being a maj
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn



or growth stimulant.
bn bn




REF: pp. 6-7 bn bn




5. What is the purpose of the substance secreted by the type II pneumocyte?
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn


a. To increase the gas exchange surface area
bn bn bn bn bn bn


b. To reduce surface tension
bn bn bn


c. To maintain lung elasticity
bn bn bn


d. To preserve the volume of the amniotic fluid
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn