Nurs,341,APEA,Exam,Prep
Questions,with,Correct
,Answers,,and,,Explanations,
A,patient,has,been,diagnosed,with,hepatitis,B.,The,most,commonly,reported,risk,factor,is:,drin
king,contaminated,water.,eating,contaminated,food.,exposure,to,blood.
sexual,exposure.,D.
Hepatitis,B,is,transmitted,by,blood,and,body,fluids.,While,exposure,to,infected,blood,or,blood,products,w
ould,significantly,increase,the,risk,of,infection,in,unvaccinated,people,,this,is,much,less,likely,than,becomi
ng,infected,via,sexual,exposure,or,IV,drug,use.,Hepatitis,A,is,transmitted,via,fecal-
oral,routes.,Drinking,contaminated,water,and,eating,contaminated,food,implicate,hepatitis,A,as,the,etiolo
gic,agent.
The,three,most,common,causes,of,bacterial,diarrhea,in,the,US,are,Salmonella,,Campylobacter,,and:
E.,coli.
Enteroviru
s.,Yersinia.
Shigella.,D.
Shigella,will,be,shed,continuously,in,the,stool,and,should,be,easily,identified,on,stool,culture.,When,bacter
ial,gastroenteritis,is,suspected,,a,stool,specimen,could,be,ordered,for,confirmation.,Generally,,these,three
,pathogens,are,easily,identified,if,they,are,present.,Enterovirus,produces,a,viral,form,of,diarrhea.,Yersinia,
produces,the,deadly,disease,called,bubonic,plague.,E.,coli,is,a,typical,colonic,pathogen.
An,83-year-
old,patient,is,diagnosed,with,diverticulitis.,The,most,common,complaint,is:,rectal,bleeding.,bloating,a
nd,
Questions,with,Correct
,Answers,,and,,Explanations,
cramping.,left,lower,quadrant,pai
n.,frequent,belching,and,flatulenc
e.
, Nurs,341,APEA,Exam,Prep
C.
Diverticular,disease,is,more,common,in,older,adults.,About,70%,of,patients,diagnosed,with,diverticulit
is,have,left,lower,quadrant,pain.,Rectal,bleeding,may,have,varied,etiologies,,such,as,rectal,carcinoma,
or,hemorrhoids.,Bloating,and,cramping,are,often,found,in,patients,with,diverticular,disease,(diverticul
osis),but,not,specifically,diverticulitis.,
Belching,and,flatulence,are,not,specifically,associated,with,diverticulosis.
What,is,true,regarding,older,adults,who,are,overweight?
This,is,clearly,associated,with,increased,mortality,in,older,adults.,Mortality,in,older,adults,r
elated,to,overweight,states,declines,over,time.,BMI,is,a,good,way,to,assess,nutritional,statu
s,in,older,adults.
There,are,no,potential,metabolic,or,functional,benefits,to,weight,loss,in,older,adults.,B.
Overweight,and,obese,states,are,not,as,important,in,predicting,mortality,in,older,adults,as,they,are,in,th
eir,younger,counterparts.,After,age,65,years,(some,studies,demonstrate,after,age,70),,weight,is,less,sign
ificant,in,decreasing,risk,for,mortality,than,in,younger,adults.,There,are,some,benefits,to,weight,loss,in,t
he,obese,older,adults.,One,of,them,is,better,balance,and,decreased,risk,for,falls.,Others,include,less,slee
p,apnea,,decreased,risk,of,diabetes,,and,decreased,rates,of,shortness,of,breath,with,respiratory,and,car
diac,diseases.
What,medication,used,to,treat,patients,who,have,GERD,provides,the,fastest,relief,of,heartburn,symptom
s?,Calcium,carbonate,
Ranitidine,
Amantadine,Pantop
razole,A.
Calcium,carbonate,is,an,antacid.,It,provides,rapid,changes,in,gastric,pH.,
This,provides,relief,that,can,be,noticed,immediately.,The,increase,in,pH,
, Nurs,341,APEA,Exam,Prep
Questions,with,Correct
,Answers,,and,,Explanations,
lasts,for,about,30,minutes,and,corresponds,with,resolution,of,symptoms.,However,,as,pH,decreases,wit
hin,30,minutes,,symptoms,may,return.,Ranitidine,is,an,H2,blocker.,It,provides,relief,in,1-
2,hours.,This,usually,lasts,for,about,6-
12,hours.,Amantadine,is,an,antiviral,not,used,to,treat,GERD.,Pantoprazole,is,a,proton,pump,inhibitor.,Th
is,provides,relief,after,several,hours,or,days,of,daily,consumption.
An,84-year-
old,presents,with,a,stated,involuntary,weight,loss.,He,states,that,he’s,lost,about,6,pounds,in,the,last,6,or,
8,weeks.,What,statement,below,is,NOT,part,of,the,assessment?
The,weight,loss,should,be,measured,today,and,again,in,the,next,few,weeks.,A,laboratory,evaluation,shoul
d,be,performed.
Evaluate,his,dietary,intake.
Evaluate,his,upper,and,lower,extremity,muscle,mass.,D.
Involuntary,weight,loss,in,older,adults,is,often,due,to,malignancy,or,disease.,The,initial,assessment,of,an,
older,adult,who,reports,involuntary,weight,loss,is,to,document,the,weight,loss.,If,prior,measurements,are
,part,of,the,patient’s,chart,,this,would,be,helpful.,Laboratory,assessment,should,also,be,performed.,Consi
deration,should,be,given,to,performing,a,CBC,,TSH,,and,metabolic,panel.,Also,consider,chest,and,abdomi
nal,X-
rays.,If,all,are,normal,,he,should,be,monitored,and,reweighed,on,the,same,scale,for,comparison.,A,dietar
y,consult,should,be,ordered.,However,,even,with,negative,initial,findings,,a,significant,number,of,patients
,are,later,found,to,have,disease,or,malignancy
A,patient,has,a,positive,hepatitis,B,surface,antibody.,This,means,he:,has,acute,hepatitis,B.
has,chronic,hepatitis,B.,is,im
mune,to,hepatitis,B.
needs,immunization,to,hepatitis,B.,C.
The,hepatitis,B,surface,antibody,indicates,immunity,to,hepatitis,B,virus.,Specifically,,if,this,patient,comes,i
n,contact,with,hepatitis,B,virus,,he,will,not,become,infected,with,hepatitis,B.,The,presence,of,hepatitis,B,s
urface,antibody,indicates,immunity,from,immunization,or,actual,infection.,It,also,indicates,recovery,if,th
e,patient,was,infected.,A,patient,with,a,suspected,inguinal,hernia,should,be,examined:,in,the,prone,positi
on.,standing.
sidelying.
with,patient,squatting.,B.
The,patient,should,be,examined,while,he,is,standing.,He,should,be,asked,to,bear,down,,cough,,or,strain,d
uring,the,exam.,Though,hernias,are,far,more,common,in,males,,they,can,be,found,in,females,too.,In,male
s,,the,patient,should,be,asked,to,stand.,The,examiner,should,put,his,2nd,or,3rd,finger,through,the,scrotu
, Nurs,341,APEA,Exam,Prep
Questions,with,Correct
,Answers,,and,,Explanations,
m,and,into,the,external,ring.,When,the,patient,is,asked,to,cough,,a,“silky”,feel,will,butt,up,against,the,exa
miner’s,finger,,and,the,hernia,can,be,easily,felt.
A,15-year-
old,is,about,10%,below,her,ideal,body,weight.,Laboratory,studies,were,performed.,Which,com
plaint,might,be,common,in,this,patient,(Labs,in,image)?
Headaches
Dizziness,with,standing,Muscle,cr
amps
Hair,loss,B.
This,patient,does,not,meet,the,strict,criteria,for,an,eating,disorder,,but,it,should,be,suspected.,The,other,l
aboratory,values,are,not,the,cause,of,her,dizziness,with,standing.,This,is,likely,due,to,a,low,hemoglobin.,S
he,needs,treatment,for,a,probable,iron,deficiency,anemia,and,elicitation,of,history,to,help,identify,the,ca
use,of,her,low,hemoglobin.
A,45-year-
old,patient,has,the,following,laboratory,values.,How,should,they,be,interpreted,(Labs,in,image)?
,The,patient,has,hepatitis.,The,patient,had,hepatitis.
The,patient,should,consider,immunizatio
n.,The,results,are,indeterminate
A.
This,patient,has,a,positive,hepatitis,B,surface,antigen,(HBsAg).,Therefore,,he,has,hepatitis,B.,A,positive,an
ti-HBc,is,found,in,patients,who,either,have,hepatitis,now,or,who,have,had,it.,The,surface,antibody,(anti-
HBs),would,be,expected,to,be,negative,in,a,patient,with,a,positive,surface,antigen,(HBsAg),because,these,
two,markers,will,not,be,positive,at,the,same,time.
Questions,with,Correct
,Answers,,and,,Explanations,
A,patient,has,been,diagnosed,with,hepatitis,B.,The,most,commonly,reported,risk,factor,is:,drin
king,contaminated,water.,eating,contaminated,food.,exposure,to,blood.
sexual,exposure.,D.
Hepatitis,B,is,transmitted,by,blood,and,body,fluids.,While,exposure,to,infected,blood,or,blood,products,w
ould,significantly,increase,the,risk,of,infection,in,unvaccinated,people,,this,is,much,less,likely,than,becomi
ng,infected,via,sexual,exposure,or,IV,drug,use.,Hepatitis,A,is,transmitted,via,fecal-
oral,routes.,Drinking,contaminated,water,and,eating,contaminated,food,implicate,hepatitis,A,as,the,etiolo
gic,agent.
The,three,most,common,causes,of,bacterial,diarrhea,in,the,US,are,Salmonella,,Campylobacter,,and:
E.,coli.
Enteroviru
s.,Yersinia.
Shigella.,D.
Shigella,will,be,shed,continuously,in,the,stool,and,should,be,easily,identified,on,stool,culture.,When,bacter
ial,gastroenteritis,is,suspected,,a,stool,specimen,could,be,ordered,for,confirmation.,Generally,,these,three
,pathogens,are,easily,identified,if,they,are,present.,Enterovirus,produces,a,viral,form,of,diarrhea.,Yersinia,
produces,the,deadly,disease,called,bubonic,plague.,E.,coli,is,a,typical,colonic,pathogen.
An,83-year-
old,patient,is,diagnosed,with,diverticulitis.,The,most,common,complaint,is:,rectal,bleeding.,bloating,a
nd,
Questions,with,Correct
,Answers,,and,,Explanations,
cramping.,left,lower,quadrant,pai
n.,frequent,belching,and,flatulenc
e.
, Nurs,341,APEA,Exam,Prep
C.
Diverticular,disease,is,more,common,in,older,adults.,About,70%,of,patients,diagnosed,with,diverticulit
is,have,left,lower,quadrant,pain.,Rectal,bleeding,may,have,varied,etiologies,,such,as,rectal,carcinoma,
or,hemorrhoids.,Bloating,and,cramping,are,often,found,in,patients,with,diverticular,disease,(diverticul
osis),but,not,specifically,diverticulitis.,
Belching,and,flatulence,are,not,specifically,associated,with,diverticulosis.
What,is,true,regarding,older,adults,who,are,overweight?
This,is,clearly,associated,with,increased,mortality,in,older,adults.,Mortality,in,older,adults,r
elated,to,overweight,states,declines,over,time.,BMI,is,a,good,way,to,assess,nutritional,statu
s,in,older,adults.
There,are,no,potential,metabolic,or,functional,benefits,to,weight,loss,in,older,adults.,B.
Overweight,and,obese,states,are,not,as,important,in,predicting,mortality,in,older,adults,as,they,are,in,th
eir,younger,counterparts.,After,age,65,years,(some,studies,demonstrate,after,age,70),,weight,is,less,sign
ificant,in,decreasing,risk,for,mortality,than,in,younger,adults.,There,are,some,benefits,to,weight,loss,in,t
he,obese,older,adults.,One,of,them,is,better,balance,and,decreased,risk,for,falls.,Others,include,less,slee
p,apnea,,decreased,risk,of,diabetes,,and,decreased,rates,of,shortness,of,breath,with,respiratory,and,car
diac,diseases.
What,medication,used,to,treat,patients,who,have,GERD,provides,the,fastest,relief,of,heartburn,symptom
s?,Calcium,carbonate,
Ranitidine,
Amantadine,Pantop
razole,A.
Calcium,carbonate,is,an,antacid.,It,provides,rapid,changes,in,gastric,pH.,
This,provides,relief,that,can,be,noticed,immediately.,The,increase,in,pH,
, Nurs,341,APEA,Exam,Prep
Questions,with,Correct
,Answers,,and,,Explanations,
lasts,for,about,30,minutes,and,corresponds,with,resolution,of,symptoms.,However,,as,pH,decreases,wit
hin,30,minutes,,symptoms,may,return.,Ranitidine,is,an,H2,blocker.,It,provides,relief,in,1-
2,hours.,This,usually,lasts,for,about,6-
12,hours.,Amantadine,is,an,antiviral,not,used,to,treat,GERD.,Pantoprazole,is,a,proton,pump,inhibitor.,Th
is,provides,relief,after,several,hours,or,days,of,daily,consumption.
An,84-year-
old,presents,with,a,stated,involuntary,weight,loss.,He,states,that,he’s,lost,about,6,pounds,in,the,last,6,or,
8,weeks.,What,statement,below,is,NOT,part,of,the,assessment?
The,weight,loss,should,be,measured,today,and,again,in,the,next,few,weeks.,A,laboratory,evaluation,shoul
d,be,performed.
Evaluate,his,dietary,intake.
Evaluate,his,upper,and,lower,extremity,muscle,mass.,D.
Involuntary,weight,loss,in,older,adults,is,often,due,to,malignancy,or,disease.,The,initial,assessment,of,an,
older,adult,who,reports,involuntary,weight,loss,is,to,document,the,weight,loss.,If,prior,measurements,are
,part,of,the,patient’s,chart,,this,would,be,helpful.,Laboratory,assessment,should,also,be,performed.,Consi
deration,should,be,given,to,performing,a,CBC,,TSH,,and,metabolic,panel.,Also,consider,chest,and,abdomi
nal,X-
rays.,If,all,are,normal,,he,should,be,monitored,and,reweighed,on,the,same,scale,for,comparison.,A,dietar
y,consult,should,be,ordered.,However,,even,with,negative,initial,findings,,a,significant,number,of,patients
,are,later,found,to,have,disease,or,malignancy
A,patient,has,a,positive,hepatitis,B,surface,antibody.,This,means,he:,has,acute,hepatitis,B.
has,chronic,hepatitis,B.,is,im
mune,to,hepatitis,B.
needs,immunization,to,hepatitis,B.,C.
The,hepatitis,B,surface,antibody,indicates,immunity,to,hepatitis,B,virus.,Specifically,,if,this,patient,comes,i
n,contact,with,hepatitis,B,virus,,he,will,not,become,infected,with,hepatitis,B.,The,presence,of,hepatitis,B,s
urface,antibody,indicates,immunity,from,immunization,or,actual,infection.,It,also,indicates,recovery,if,th
e,patient,was,infected.,A,patient,with,a,suspected,inguinal,hernia,should,be,examined:,in,the,prone,positi
on.,standing.
sidelying.
with,patient,squatting.,B.
The,patient,should,be,examined,while,he,is,standing.,He,should,be,asked,to,bear,down,,cough,,or,strain,d
uring,the,exam.,Though,hernias,are,far,more,common,in,males,,they,can,be,found,in,females,too.,In,male
s,,the,patient,should,be,asked,to,stand.,The,examiner,should,put,his,2nd,or,3rd,finger,through,the,scrotu
, Nurs,341,APEA,Exam,Prep
Questions,with,Correct
,Answers,,and,,Explanations,
m,and,into,the,external,ring.,When,the,patient,is,asked,to,cough,,a,“silky”,feel,will,butt,up,against,the,exa
miner’s,finger,,and,the,hernia,can,be,easily,felt.
A,15-year-
old,is,about,10%,below,her,ideal,body,weight.,Laboratory,studies,were,performed.,Which,com
plaint,might,be,common,in,this,patient,(Labs,in,image)?
Headaches
Dizziness,with,standing,Muscle,cr
amps
Hair,loss,B.
This,patient,does,not,meet,the,strict,criteria,for,an,eating,disorder,,but,it,should,be,suspected.,The,other,l
aboratory,values,are,not,the,cause,of,her,dizziness,with,standing.,This,is,likely,due,to,a,low,hemoglobin.,S
he,needs,treatment,for,a,probable,iron,deficiency,anemia,and,elicitation,of,history,to,help,identify,the,ca
use,of,her,low,hemoglobin.
A,45-year-
old,patient,has,the,following,laboratory,values.,How,should,they,be,interpreted,(Labs,in,image)?
,The,patient,has,hepatitis.,The,patient,had,hepatitis.
The,patient,should,consider,immunizatio
n.,The,results,are,indeterminate
A.
This,patient,has,a,positive,hepatitis,B,surface,antigen,(HBsAg).,Therefore,,he,has,hepatitis,B.,A,positive,an
ti-HBc,is,found,in,patients,who,either,have,hepatitis,now,or,who,have,had,it.,The,surface,antibody,(anti-
HBs),would,be,expected,to,be,negative,in,a,patient,with,a,positive,surface,antigen,(HBsAg),because,these,
two,markers,will,not,be,positive,at,the,same,time.
