EPIDEMIOLOGY TEST BANK CHAPTER
#6 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Who in the history of epidemiology developed mortality surveillance systems, addressed
basic epidemiologic concepts, and is considered the founder of modern statistics?
A) William Farr
B) John Graunt
C) Florence Nightingale
D) John Snow - Answer-A) William Farr
William Farr is considered the father of modern statistics. John Graunt analyzed weekly
reports of births and deaths. Florence Nightingale used statistics to improve public
health in England. John Snow performed epidemiologic research on transmission of
cholera using natural experiments, mapping, and rates.
Which most accurately describes how disease patterns have changed from 1900 to the
present?
A) Morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases have increased.
B) Morbidity and mortality from unintentional injuries have decreased.
C) Morbidity and mortality from chronic degenerative conditions have decreased.
D) Morbidity and mortality from noninfectious diseases have increased. - Answer-D)
Morbidity and mortality from noninfectious diseases have increased
Primarily as a result of improved public health practices in the early 20th century, life
expectancy in the United States, the United Kingdom, and European countries, as well
as in other developed countries, rose. With it, a change in the patterns of disease
occurred. No longer are infectious diseases the leading causes of death; the morbidity
and mortality from noninfectious diseases and chronic degenerative conditions have
increased
The community health nurse knows that early attempts to understand illness and
disease focused on the study of the experiences of individual people. Using this
knowledge, how would the nurse define epidemiology to a group of nursing students?
, A) An outbreak that occurs when there is an increased incidence of a disease beyond
that which is normally found in the population
B) Model based on the belief that health status is determined by the interaction of the
characteristics of the host, agent, and environment
C) Study of the distribution and determinants of states of health and illness in human
populations
D) Epidemiologic model that strongly emphasizes the concept of multiple causation
while de-emphasizing the role of agents in explaining illness - Answer-C) Study of the
distribution and determinants of states of health and illness in human populations
Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of states of health and
illness in human populations. An epidemic is an outbreak that occurs when there is an
increased incidence of a disease beyond that which is normally found in the population.
The epidemiologic triad is a model based on the belief that health status is determined
by the interaction of the characteristics of the host, agent, and environment. The web of
causation is an epidemiologic model that strongly emphasizes the concept of multiple
causation while de-emphasizing the role of agents in explaining illness.
Which most accurately defines "rate"?
A) Course of a disease or condition from the onset to resolution
B) Primary measurement used to describe either the occurrence or the existence of a
specific state of health or illness
C) Probability or likelihood that a disease or illness will occur in a group of people who
presently do not have the problem
D) Characteristic or event that has been shown to increase the probability that a specific
disease or illness will develop - Answer-B) Primary measurement used to describe
either the occurrence or the existence of a specific state of health or illness
Rate is the primary measurement used to describe either the occurrence or the
existence of a specific state of health or illness. Natural history is the course of a
disease or condition from the onset to resolution. Risk is the probability or likelihood that
a disease or illness will occur in a group of people who presently do not have the
problem. A risk factor is a characteristic or event that has been shown to increase the
probability that a specific disease or illness will develop.
Who was one of the first people to study patterns of disease in populations and
analyzed the weekly reports of births and deaths in London, the results of these
analyses becoming the precursor of modern vital statistics?
#6 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Who in the history of epidemiology developed mortality surveillance systems, addressed
basic epidemiologic concepts, and is considered the founder of modern statistics?
A) William Farr
B) John Graunt
C) Florence Nightingale
D) John Snow - Answer-A) William Farr
William Farr is considered the father of modern statistics. John Graunt analyzed weekly
reports of births and deaths. Florence Nightingale used statistics to improve public
health in England. John Snow performed epidemiologic research on transmission of
cholera using natural experiments, mapping, and rates.
Which most accurately describes how disease patterns have changed from 1900 to the
present?
A) Morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases have increased.
B) Morbidity and mortality from unintentional injuries have decreased.
C) Morbidity and mortality from chronic degenerative conditions have decreased.
D) Morbidity and mortality from noninfectious diseases have increased. - Answer-D)
Morbidity and mortality from noninfectious diseases have increased
Primarily as a result of improved public health practices in the early 20th century, life
expectancy in the United States, the United Kingdom, and European countries, as well
as in other developed countries, rose. With it, a change in the patterns of disease
occurred. No longer are infectious diseases the leading causes of death; the morbidity
and mortality from noninfectious diseases and chronic degenerative conditions have
increased
The community health nurse knows that early attempts to understand illness and
disease focused on the study of the experiences of individual people. Using this
knowledge, how would the nurse define epidemiology to a group of nursing students?
, A) An outbreak that occurs when there is an increased incidence of a disease beyond
that which is normally found in the population
B) Model based on the belief that health status is determined by the interaction of the
characteristics of the host, agent, and environment
C) Study of the distribution and determinants of states of health and illness in human
populations
D) Epidemiologic model that strongly emphasizes the concept of multiple causation
while de-emphasizing the role of agents in explaining illness - Answer-C) Study of the
distribution and determinants of states of health and illness in human populations
Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of states of health and
illness in human populations. An epidemic is an outbreak that occurs when there is an
increased incidence of a disease beyond that which is normally found in the population.
The epidemiologic triad is a model based on the belief that health status is determined
by the interaction of the characteristics of the host, agent, and environment. The web of
causation is an epidemiologic model that strongly emphasizes the concept of multiple
causation while de-emphasizing the role of agents in explaining illness.
Which most accurately defines "rate"?
A) Course of a disease or condition from the onset to resolution
B) Primary measurement used to describe either the occurrence or the existence of a
specific state of health or illness
C) Probability or likelihood that a disease or illness will occur in a group of people who
presently do not have the problem
D) Characteristic or event that has been shown to increase the probability that a specific
disease or illness will develop - Answer-B) Primary measurement used to describe
either the occurrence or the existence of a specific state of health or illness
Rate is the primary measurement used to describe either the occurrence or the
existence of a specific state of health or illness. Natural history is the course of a
disease or condition from the onset to resolution. Risk is the probability or likelihood that
a disease or illness will occur in a group of people who presently do not have the
problem. A risk factor is a characteristic or event that has been shown to increase the
probability that a specific disease or illness will develop.
Who was one of the first people to study patterns of disease in populations and
analyzed the weekly reports of births and deaths in London, the results of these
analyses becoming the precursor of modern vital statistics?
