Biology 1402 TTU Held Exam 1
Evolution - correct answers✔✔Change
Natural Selection - correct answers✔✔Cause of change
Adaptation - correct answers✔✔Increase in "fitness"
Heritable Variations - correct answers✔✔Traits capable of being inherited
DNA - correct answers✔✔Universal genetic code
Biome - correct answers✔✔Community of species that are adapted to a particular
environment.
Element - correct answers✔✔A substance that cannot be broken down to other
substances
Atom - correct answers✔✔The smallest unit of stuff. Particle.
Compound - correct answers✔✔2 or more elements combined
Molecule - correct answers✔✔Atoms of the same element in a covalent bond. Particle
in a compound.
Proton - correct answers✔✔Positively charged, found in nucleus.
Neutron - correct answers✔✔Neutral charge, found in nucleus
Electron - correct answers✔✔Negatively charged, found in electron orbital.
Atomic Nucleus - correct answers✔✔Atom's central core.
Isotope - correct answers✔✔Same element, different number of neutrons. Some are
radioactive.
Isomer - correct answers✔✔Compounds with same formula, but different order.
Ion - correct answers✔✔Atom with net charge of +1 or -1, due to gaining or losing on of
electron(s).
Inert elements - correct answers✔✔Don't react. All orbitals are full.
,Orbital - correct answers✔✔Orbit/ cloud around nucleus, occupied by an electron.
Sphere or dumbbell shaped.
Ionic Bond - correct answers✔✔Attraction between ions with opposite charges
(magnets). Give and take of electrons. Intermediate strength.
Covalent Bond - correct answers✔✔Share a pair of electrons in outer shell. Strongest
bond.
Hydrogen Bond - correct answers✔✔Attraction between a positive Hydrogen of one
molecule to the negative end of another molecule. Weakest bond.
Polar Bond - correct answers✔✔Unequal sharing of electrons.
Non-polar Bond - correct answers✔✔Electrons shared equally.
Organic Compounds - correct answers✔✔Molecules that contain Carbon. Fats, carbs,
proteins and nucleic acids.
Hydrocarbon - correct answers✔✔chemical compound composed of Hydrogen and
Carbon.
Hydrophilic - correct answers✔✔Easily dissolve in water. Salt, alcohol, phosphate.
Hydrophobic - correct answers✔✔Do not dissolve easily into water. Oils, fats, lipids.
Functional Groups - correct answers✔✔Atoms that react in different ways.
"R" Groups - correct answers✔✔Side chain to Amino Acids. Give Amino Acids
individual characteristics.
Hydroxyl Group - correct answers✔✔Functional group. Hydrogen atom bonded to an
Oxygen atom.
H-O
Carbonyl Group - correct answers✔✔Functional Group. Carbon atom double bonded to
a Oxygen atom.
C=O
Carboxyl Group - correct answers✔✔Functional Group. Oxygen double bonded to a
Carbon that's bonded to a Hydroxyl group.
O-C=OH
, Amino Group - correct answers✔✔Functional Group. Nitrogen bonded to 2 Hydrogen
atoms.
H-N-H
Phosphate Group - correct answers✔✔Functional Group. Phosphorus covalently
bonded to 4 Oxygen atoms.
PO4 O
|
O- P - O
|
O
Macro-molecule - correct answers✔✔Giant molecule in a living organism. Lipids, carbs,
proteins and nucleic acids.
Polymer - correct answers✔✔Linked monomers (dehydration). Macromolecule.
Monomer - correct answers✔✔Sub unit that serves as building blocks for polymers.
Nucleotide. 3 parts: phosphate, sugar, base.
Dehydration - correct answers✔✔Removal of H2O, links monomers.
Hydrolysis - correct answers✔✔Addition of H2O. Essential part of digestion.
Carbohydrate - correct answers✔✔Structures and stores energy. Sugars/ saccharides.
Hydrophilic.
Lipid - correct answers✔✔Structures and stores energy. Fats, waxes, phospholipids.
Hydrophobic.
Proteins - correct answers✔✔Polypeptide. Constructed from Amino Acid monomers.
Structures include enzymes.
Nucleic Acid - correct answers✔✔Blueprint for proteins. DNA and RNA. Stores info.
PO4.
Mono-Saccharide - correct answers✔✔Glucose and fructose. Carbs. Linked by
dehydration.
Di-Saccharide - correct answers✔✔2 saccharide monomers linked by dehydration.
Maltose/ malt sugar.
Poly-Saccharide - correct answers✔✔Carb polymer consisting of hundreds- thousands
of mono-saccharides linked by covalent bonds.
Evolution - correct answers✔✔Change
Natural Selection - correct answers✔✔Cause of change
Adaptation - correct answers✔✔Increase in "fitness"
Heritable Variations - correct answers✔✔Traits capable of being inherited
DNA - correct answers✔✔Universal genetic code
Biome - correct answers✔✔Community of species that are adapted to a particular
environment.
Element - correct answers✔✔A substance that cannot be broken down to other
substances
Atom - correct answers✔✔The smallest unit of stuff. Particle.
Compound - correct answers✔✔2 or more elements combined
Molecule - correct answers✔✔Atoms of the same element in a covalent bond. Particle
in a compound.
Proton - correct answers✔✔Positively charged, found in nucleus.
Neutron - correct answers✔✔Neutral charge, found in nucleus
Electron - correct answers✔✔Negatively charged, found in electron orbital.
Atomic Nucleus - correct answers✔✔Atom's central core.
Isotope - correct answers✔✔Same element, different number of neutrons. Some are
radioactive.
Isomer - correct answers✔✔Compounds with same formula, but different order.
Ion - correct answers✔✔Atom with net charge of +1 or -1, due to gaining or losing on of
electron(s).
Inert elements - correct answers✔✔Don't react. All orbitals are full.
,Orbital - correct answers✔✔Orbit/ cloud around nucleus, occupied by an electron.
Sphere or dumbbell shaped.
Ionic Bond - correct answers✔✔Attraction between ions with opposite charges
(magnets). Give and take of electrons. Intermediate strength.
Covalent Bond - correct answers✔✔Share a pair of electrons in outer shell. Strongest
bond.
Hydrogen Bond - correct answers✔✔Attraction between a positive Hydrogen of one
molecule to the negative end of another molecule. Weakest bond.
Polar Bond - correct answers✔✔Unequal sharing of electrons.
Non-polar Bond - correct answers✔✔Electrons shared equally.
Organic Compounds - correct answers✔✔Molecules that contain Carbon. Fats, carbs,
proteins and nucleic acids.
Hydrocarbon - correct answers✔✔chemical compound composed of Hydrogen and
Carbon.
Hydrophilic - correct answers✔✔Easily dissolve in water. Salt, alcohol, phosphate.
Hydrophobic - correct answers✔✔Do not dissolve easily into water. Oils, fats, lipids.
Functional Groups - correct answers✔✔Atoms that react in different ways.
"R" Groups - correct answers✔✔Side chain to Amino Acids. Give Amino Acids
individual characteristics.
Hydroxyl Group - correct answers✔✔Functional group. Hydrogen atom bonded to an
Oxygen atom.
H-O
Carbonyl Group - correct answers✔✔Functional Group. Carbon atom double bonded to
a Oxygen atom.
C=O
Carboxyl Group - correct answers✔✔Functional Group. Oxygen double bonded to a
Carbon that's bonded to a Hydroxyl group.
O-C=OH
, Amino Group - correct answers✔✔Functional Group. Nitrogen bonded to 2 Hydrogen
atoms.
H-N-H
Phosphate Group - correct answers✔✔Functional Group. Phosphorus covalently
bonded to 4 Oxygen atoms.
PO4 O
|
O- P - O
|
O
Macro-molecule - correct answers✔✔Giant molecule in a living organism. Lipids, carbs,
proteins and nucleic acids.
Polymer - correct answers✔✔Linked monomers (dehydration). Macromolecule.
Monomer - correct answers✔✔Sub unit that serves as building blocks for polymers.
Nucleotide. 3 parts: phosphate, sugar, base.
Dehydration - correct answers✔✔Removal of H2O, links monomers.
Hydrolysis - correct answers✔✔Addition of H2O. Essential part of digestion.
Carbohydrate - correct answers✔✔Structures and stores energy. Sugars/ saccharides.
Hydrophilic.
Lipid - correct answers✔✔Structures and stores energy. Fats, waxes, phospholipids.
Hydrophobic.
Proteins - correct answers✔✔Polypeptide. Constructed from Amino Acid monomers.
Structures include enzymes.
Nucleic Acid - correct answers✔✔Blueprint for proteins. DNA and RNA. Stores info.
PO4.
Mono-Saccharide - correct answers✔✔Glucose and fructose. Carbs. Linked by
dehydration.
Di-Saccharide - correct answers✔✔2 saccharide monomers linked by dehydration.
Maltose/ malt sugar.
Poly-Saccharide - correct answers✔✔Carb polymer consisting of hundreds- thousands
of mono-saccharides linked by covalent bonds.
