NEW CEFM Practice Test – CEFM Practice Test Prep (2025) with Fully
Verified Answers! (100% Correct Answers Graded A+)
what does a category I tracing predict? - a normal acid-base balance
what is the baseline for a category I strip? - 110 to 160 BPM
what is the variability for a category I strip? - moderate (6 to 25 bpm)
what decelerations can be present in a category I strip? - early decelerations
late and variable decelerations must be absent
does a category I tracing have to have accelerations? - no; accelerations are not required for a
category I tracing
category I tracing example -
what does a category II tracing mean? - the acid-base balance is indeterminate
includes anything that is not category I or III
what is the baseline rate of a category II tracing? - - bradycardia WITHOUT absent variability
- tachycardia
what is the variability of a category II tracing? - - minimal baseline variability
- absent baseline variability WITHOUT recurrent decelerations
- marked variability
minimal variability example - less than 5 BPM
marked variability example - greater than 25 BPM
,are accelerations present in category II tracings after fetal stimulations? - accelerations are not
present after fetal stimulation to classify tracing as category II
what are the possible periodic or episodic decelerations present in category II tracings? - - recurrent
variable decelerations accompanied by minimal or moderate baseline variability
- prolonged deceleration > 2 minutes but < 10 minutes
- recurrent late decelerations with moderate baseline variability
- variable decelerations with other characters (slow return to baseline or shoulders)
variable deceleration example - an abrupt decrease in FHR below baseline; greater than 15 BPM
lasting greater than 15 seconds, but less than 2 minutes from onset to return to baseline
prolonged deceleration example - a decrease in FHR below the baseline of 15 bpm or more, lasting at
least 2 minutes but < 10 minutes from onset to return to baseline
late deceleration example - a gradual decrease and return to baseline of the fetal heart rate
associated with uterine contractions
what does a category III tracing predict? - predicts abnormal acid-base status
a category III tracing includes either of the following... - - absent baseline FHR variability and ANY of
the following:
- recurrent late decelerations
- recurrent variable decelerations
- bradycardia
- sinusoidal pattern
what does absent variability with recurrent late decelerations or variable deceleration indicate? -
predictive of current or impending fetal asphyxia so severe that fetus is at risk for neurologic damage
and death
what is a sinusoidal pattern? - smooth, wave-like baseline appears 3 to 6 time per minute
can be documented if pattern lasts for > 20 minutes
, what do indeterminate and abnormal (category II or III) tracings require? - tracings require evaluation
of possible etiology
what are some initial assessments and interventions for category II or III tracings? - - discontinuation
of labor stimulating agents
- vaginal examination
- maternal repositioning
- correction of maternal hypotension
- IV fluid bolus of LR solution
- assessment of tachysystole (reduce uterine activity if noted)
- amnioinfusion
- modification of maternal pushing maternal efforts in 2nd stage
- maternal O2 at 10L per non-rebreather (used with minimal variability or recurrent lates that have
not resolved with initial uterine measures)
what is an amnioinfusion? - a transvaginal infusion of room temperature isotonic fluid (normal saline
or lactated ringers) by gravity of infusion pump to compensate for the loss of amniotic fluid
what are indications for an amnioinfusion? - - laboring preterm women with PPROM
- variable deceleration uncorrectable with conventional interventions
- significant oligohydramnios (AFI < or equal to 5) at term when labor is being induced
how is an amnioinfusion run? - bolus of 250 to 500 mL over 20 to 30 minutes followed by 2-3 mL per
minute (max 180 mL per hr)
how do you monitor an amnioinfusion? - assess output to avoid over distension of uterus (weigh
pads / count # of pads)
assess uterine resting tone (should not exceed 40mmHg)
how will the resting tone of the uterus appear with an amnioinfusion? - uterine resting tone will
appear higher than normal from 25-40mmHg)
true resting tone can be checked periodically by temporarily discontinuing infusion Q30-60min
Verified Answers! (100% Correct Answers Graded A+)
what does a category I tracing predict? - a normal acid-base balance
what is the baseline for a category I strip? - 110 to 160 BPM
what is the variability for a category I strip? - moderate (6 to 25 bpm)
what decelerations can be present in a category I strip? - early decelerations
late and variable decelerations must be absent
does a category I tracing have to have accelerations? - no; accelerations are not required for a
category I tracing
category I tracing example -
what does a category II tracing mean? - the acid-base balance is indeterminate
includes anything that is not category I or III
what is the baseline rate of a category II tracing? - - bradycardia WITHOUT absent variability
- tachycardia
what is the variability of a category II tracing? - - minimal baseline variability
- absent baseline variability WITHOUT recurrent decelerations
- marked variability
minimal variability example - less than 5 BPM
marked variability example - greater than 25 BPM
,are accelerations present in category II tracings after fetal stimulations? - accelerations are not
present after fetal stimulation to classify tracing as category II
what are the possible periodic or episodic decelerations present in category II tracings? - - recurrent
variable decelerations accompanied by minimal or moderate baseline variability
- prolonged deceleration > 2 minutes but < 10 minutes
- recurrent late decelerations with moderate baseline variability
- variable decelerations with other characters (slow return to baseline or shoulders)
variable deceleration example - an abrupt decrease in FHR below baseline; greater than 15 BPM
lasting greater than 15 seconds, but less than 2 minutes from onset to return to baseline
prolonged deceleration example - a decrease in FHR below the baseline of 15 bpm or more, lasting at
least 2 minutes but < 10 minutes from onset to return to baseline
late deceleration example - a gradual decrease and return to baseline of the fetal heart rate
associated with uterine contractions
what does a category III tracing predict? - predicts abnormal acid-base status
a category III tracing includes either of the following... - - absent baseline FHR variability and ANY of
the following:
- recurrent late decelerations
- recurrent variable decelerations
- bradycardia
- sinusoidal pattern
what does absent variability with recurrent late decelerations or variable deceleration indicate? -
predictive of current or impending fetal asphyxia so severe that fetus is at risk for neurologic damage
and death
what is a sinusoidal pattern? - smooth, wave-like baseline appears 3 to 6 time per minute
can be documented if pattern lasts for > 20 minutes
, what do indeterminate and abnormal (category II or III) tracings require? - tracings require evaluation
of possible etiology
what are some initial assessments and interventions for category II or III tracings? - - discontinuation
of labor stimulating agents
- vaginal examination
- maternal repositioning
- correction of maternal hypotension
- IV fluid bolus of LR solution
- assessment of tachysystole (reduce uterine activity if noted)
- amnioinfusion
- modification of maternal pushing maternal efforts in 2nd stage
- maternal O2 at 10L per non-rebreather (used with minimal variability or recurrent lates that have
not resolved with initial uterine measures)
what is an amnioinfusion? - a transvaginal infusion of room temperature isotonic fluid (normal saline
or lactated ringers) by gravity of infusion pump to compensate for the loss of amniotic fluid
what are indications for an amnioinfusion? - - laboring preterm women with PPROM
- variable deceleration uncorrectable with conventional interventions
- significant oligohydramnios (AFI < or equal to 5) at term when labor is being induced
how is an amnioinfusion run? - bolus of 250 to 500 mL over 20 to 30 minutes followed by 2-3 mL per
minute (max 180 mL per hr)
how do you monitor an amnioinfusion? - assess output to avoid over distension of uterus (weigh
pads / count # of pads)
assess uterine resting tone (should not exceed 40mmHg)
how will the resting tone of the uterus appear with an amnioinfusion? - uterine resting tone will
appear higher than normal from 25-40mmHg)
true resting tone can be checked periodically by temporarily discontinuing infusion Q30-60min
