HLTH 335 FINAL || All Correct.
Review and be familiar with the Course Purpose and Overview information. correct answers 1.
Students will understand and be able to use the prominent models and theories that are used in
public health to predict and to understand human behavior.
2. Students will be able to design interventions based upon health behavior theories and models.
The purpose of this course is to provide a basic overview of the prominent models and theories
that are used in public health to predict and understand human behavior.
Review and be familiar with the major social determinants of health. correct answers 1. Social
Gradient
2. Stress
3. Early Life
4. Social Exclusion
5. Work
6. Unemployment
7. Social Support
8. Addiction
9. Food
10. Transportation
(SDH) Social Gradient correct answers those who are lower on the social ladder are more likely
to become ill; these can include lower psychological health and/or perception of wealth. Ex.
Lower life expectancy for those less educated/lower tier careers
(SDH) Stress correct answers more common in lower classes long term stress increases blood
pressure, risk of heart disease, and stroke. Obesity is also tied with chronic levels of stress. Ex.
High levels of stress due to anxiety lead to earlier death
(SDH) Early Life correct answers the situations of one's birth/upbringing. Ex. Young boy is
raised in a poor family, misses more school days due to illness; poor prenatal care can lead to
increased risk for chronic disease
(SDH) Social Exclusion correct answers homeless or those in 'unsavory' careers feel like they
can't take part in society. Ex. Homeless tend to not vote or have extreme difficulty acquiring jobs
due to discrimination.
(SDH) Work correct answers those with unstable or poor work conditions tend to have poorer
health than those in more stable/positive working environments. Ex. Cultivating a healthy,
encouraging work environment leads to positive and healthier workers
(SDH) Unemployment correct answers those who are unemployed experience stress, and a
stigma of being lazy. Ex. The stress of being unemployed can lead to increased psychological
problems and bring high levels of debt to the family
, (SDH) Social Support correct answers Those without social support have higher levels of anxiety
and depression. Ex. Low levels of social cohesion (lack of close relationships) leads to higher
levels of CHD
(SDH) Addiction correct answers people who have had or currently have addictions have
difficulties coping with stressors of daily life. Ex. Those addicted to pornography have a harder
time maintaining close relationships
(SDH) Food correct answers Missing dietary standards in our daily consumption of foods can
lead to chronic diseases and death. Ex. Excess of high sugar, fat foods leads to obesity - a risk
factor for many chronic diseases
(SDH) Transportation correct answers those without proper transportation are limited in their
educational and career possibilities. Ex. With an inability to drive or take public transportation,
one might not be able to get between work and school in time.
Understand the matching law. correct answers The amount of effort required and the size of
consequence or reinforcer must match (easy behaviors require small reinforcers, hard behaviors
require bigger ones)
Review and be familiar with the methodology covered in this course about how to properly
select a theory. correct answers The choice of a suitable theory or theories should begin with
identifying the problem, goal, and units of practice, not with selecting a theoretical framework
because it is intriguing, familiar, or in vogue.
What is vicarious learning and where did it originate? correct answers Vicarious Learning is
learning that is derived from indirect sources such as hearing or observation, rather than direct,
hands-on, instruction. Bandura--Self Efficacy Theory
What did basic research of children and BOBO dolls teach Albert Bandura? correct answers
social behaviors (i.e. aggression) can be acquired by observation and imitation.
Learned behavior / vicarious learning
(HBM) Health Belief Model correct answers a psychological model that attempts to explain and
predict health behaviors. This is done by focusing on the attitudes and beliefs of individuals
["perceived B.S." (Barriers, Benefits; Severity, Susceptibility)]
Perceived Susceptibility (i.e. risk of contracting disease)
Perceived Severity (seriousness of illness i.e - how bad is the flu)
Perceived Benefits (behavior brings positive results)
Perceived Barriers (i.e. transportation, cost of health care)
Modifying Variables (experience, education, culture - you were educated on flu so you get flu
shots)
Cues to Action (how-to information, reminders, buddy system)
Self-Efficacy (belief of confidence to perform a behavior.)
Review and be familiar with the Course Purpose and Overview information. correct answers 1.
Students will understand and be able to use the prominent models and theories that are used in
public health to predict and to understand human behavior.
2. Students will be able to design interventions based upon health behavior theories and models.
The purpose of this course is to provide a basic overview of the prominent models and theories
that are used in public health to predict and understand human behavior.
Review and be familiar with the major social determinants of health. correct answers 1. Social
Gradient
2. Stress
3. Early Life
4. Social Exclusion
5. Work
6. Unemployment
7. Social Support
8. Addiction
9. Food
10. Transportation
(SDH) Social Gradient correct answers those who are lower on the social ladder are more likely
to become ill; these can include lower psychological health and/or perception of wealth. Ex.
Lower life expectancy for those less educated/lower tier careers
(SDH) Stress correct answers more common in lower classes long term stress increases blood
pressure, risk of heart disease, and stroke. Obesity is also tied with chronic levels of stress. Ex.
High levels of stress due to anxiety lead to earlier death
(SDH) Early Life correct answers the situations of one's birth/upbringing. Ex. Young boy is
raised in a poor family, misses more school days due to illness; poor prenatal care can lead to
increased risk for chronic disease
(SDH) Social Exclusion correct answers homeless or those in 'unsavory' careers feel like they
can't take part in society. Ex. Homeless tend to not vote or have extreme difficulty acquiring jobs
due to discrimination.
(SDH) Work correct answers those with unstable or poor work conditions tend to have poorer
health than those in more stable/positive working environments. Ex. Cultivating a healthy,
encouraging work environment leads to positive and healthier workers
(SDH) Unemployment correct answers those who are unemployed experience stress, and a
stigma of being lazy. Ex. The stress of being unemployed can lead to increased psychological
problems and bring high levels of debt to the family
, (SDH) Social Support correct answers Those without social support have higher levels of anxiety
and depression. Ex. Low levels of social cohesion (lack of close relationships) leads to higher
levels of CHD
(SDH) Addiction correct answers people who have had or currently have addictions have
difficulties coping with stressors of daily life. Ex. Those addicted to pornography have a harder
time maintaining close relationships
(SDH) Food correct answers Missing dietary standards in our daily consumption of foods can
lead to chronic diseases and death. Ex. Excess of high sugar, fat foods leads to obesity - a risk
factor for many chronic diseases
(SDH) Transportation correct answers those without proper transportation are limited in their
educational and career possibilities. Ex. With an inability to drive or take public transportation,
one might not be able to get between work and school in time.
Understand the matching law. correct answers The amount of effort required and the size of
consequence or reinforcer must match (easy behaviors require small reinforcers, hard behaviors
require bigger ones)
Review and be familiar with the methodology covered in this course about how to properly
select a theory. correct answers The choice of a suitable theory or theories should begin with
identifying the problem, goal, and units of practice, not with selecting a theoretical framework
because it is intriguing, familiar, or in vogue.
What is vicarious learning and where did it originate? correct answers Vicarious Learning is
learning that is derived from indirect sources such as hearing or observation, rather than direct,
hands-on, instruction. Bandura--Self Efficacy Theory
What did basic research of children and BOBO dolls teach Albert Bandura? correct answers
social behaviors (i.e. aggression) can be acquired by observation and imitation.
Learned behavior / vicarious learning
(HBM) Health Belief Model correct answers a psychological model that attempts to explain and
predict health behaviors. This is done by focusing on the attitudes and beliefs of individuals
["perceived B.S." (Barriers, Benefits; Severity, Susceptibility)]
Perceived Susceptibility (i.e. risk of contracting disease)
Perceived Severity (seriousness of illness i.e - how bad is the flu)
Perceived Benefits (behavior brings positive results)
Perceived Barriers (i.e. transportation, cost of health care)
Modifying Variables (experience, education, culture - you were educated on flu so you get flu
shots)
Cues to Action (how-to information, reminders, buddy system)
Self-Efficacy (belief of confidence to perform a behavior.)
