HLTH 335 Exam 1 || with 100% Errorless Answers.
Homeostasis correct answers when all cells, tissues, organs, and systems work together to
successfully maintain equilibrium
Disease correct answers any state of disequilibrium; a change in function or structure that is
considered to be abnormal
Pathology correct answers study of disease in general
Pathophysiology correct answers study of the physiological processes leading up to disease
Pathologist correct answers a physician who studies & interprets the changes caused by disease
Signs correct answers OBJECTIVE evidence of disease observed in physical exam (ex.
abnormal pulse, fever, sweating, pallor)
Symptoms correct answers SUBJECTIVE indications of disease reported by the patient (ex.
pain, dizziness, itching)
Syndrome correct answers When certain sets of signs and symptoms occur concurrently and
suggest the presence of disease
Disorder correct answers A functional abnormality not necessarily linked to a specific cause or
physical abnormality
Diagnosis correct answers process of identifying a disease, syndrome or disorder
Principles of Diagnosis correct answers 1. Clinical History
2. Physical Exam
3. Differential Diagnosis
5 Parts of the Clinical History correct answers 1. History of Current Illness (severity, time of
onset, symptoms)
2. Patient's Medical History (details of general health and previous illnesses)
3. Family History (health of patient's family members; diseases that run in the family)
4. Social History (patient's occupation, lifestyle behaviors, general health, current problems)
5. Review of Symptoms and Signs (eliciting additional information about symptoms; ex. not
sleeping well at night)
Physical Examination correct answers *Systematic examination of the patient, with emphasis on
parts of the body effected by the illness
* abnormalities are noted correlated with clinical history
Differential Diagnosis correct answers Consideration of various diseases or conditions that may
also explain patient's symptoms and signs
, -diagnostic tests narrow possibilities
-opinion of medical specialists sought
Etiology correct answers Cause
Pathogenesis correct answers Source or cause of disease, together with its development
Idiopathic correct answers term used to describe diseases of unknown etiology
Lesion correct answers usually at the root of most causes of disease; could be a damaged gene, or
abnormal cells, tissues, or organs
Major causes of disease correct answers -inflammatory, autoimmune, and allergic disorders
-infection (bacterial, viral, parasitic)
-neoplastic ( cancer)
-heredity (passed through genes)
- Congenital (born with it but not hereditary)
-nutritional ( can be malnutrition or obesity)
-Traumatic (due to environmental factors)
- Degenerative (aging process)
-STRESS
Risk Factor correct answers anything that predisposes an individual to the development of a
disease (NOT EQUIVALENT TO CAUSE!)
Types of risk factors correct answers -environmental
-chemical
-physiological
-psychological
-genetic
Prognosis correct answers the predicted course and outcome of the disease
-states the chances of complete recovery
-predict the permanent loss of function
-probability of survival
Acute correct answers Quick onset, short duration (measles, influenza, common cold)
Chronic correct answers A disease may begin insidiously (gradual, less severe onset) and be
long-lived (arthritis)
Terminal correct answers a disease that will end in death
Remission correct answers signs and symptoms subside
Relapse correct answers signs and symptoms return weeks or months later
Homeostasis correct answers when all cells, tissues, organs, and systems work together to
successfully maintain equilibrium
Disease correct answers any state of disequilibrium; a change in function or structure that is
considered to be abnormal
Pathology correct answers study of disease in general
Pathophysiology correct answers study of the physiological processes leading up to disease
Pathologist correct answers a physician who studies & interprets the changes caused by disease
Signs correct answers OBJECTIVE evidence of disease observed in physical exam (ex.
abnormal pulse, fever, sweating, pallor)
Symptoms correct answers SUBJECTIVE indications of disease reported by the patient (ex.
pain, dizziness, itching)
Syndrome correct answers When certain sets of signs and symptoms occur concurrently and
suggest the presence of disease
Disorder correct answers A functional abnormality not necessarily linked to a specific cause or
physical abnormality
Diagnosis correct answers process of identifying a disease, syndrome or disorder
Principles of Diagnosis correct answers 1. Clinical History
2. Physical Exam
3. Differential Diagnosis
5 Parts of the Clinical History correct answers 1. History of Current Illness (severity, time of
onset, symptoms)
2. Patient's Medical History (details of general health and previous illnesses)
3. Family History (health of patient's family members; diseases that run in the family)
4. Social History (patient's occupation, lifestyle behaviors, general health, current problems)
5. Review of Symptoms and Signs (eliciting additional information about symptoms; ex. not
sleeping well at night)
Physical Examination correct answers *Systematic examination of the patient, with emphasis on
parts of the body effected by the illness
* abnormalities are noted correlated with clinical history
Differential Diagnosis correct answers Consideration of various diseases or conditions that may
also explain patient's symptoms and signs
, -diagnostic tests narrow possibilities
-opinion of medical specialists sought
Etiology correct answers Cause
Pathogenesis correct answers Source or cause of disease, together with its development
Idiopathic correct answers term used to describe diseases of unknown etiology
Lesion correct answers usually at the root of most causes of disease; could be a damaged gene, or
abnormal cells, tissues, or organs
Major causes of disease correct answers -inflammatory, autoimmune, and allergic disorders
-infection (bacterial, viral, parasitic)
-neoplastic ( cancer)
-heredity (passed through genes)
- Congenital (born with it but not hereditary)
-nutritional ( can be malnutrition or obesity)
-Traumatic (due to environmental factors)
- Degenerative (aging process)
-STRESS
Risk Factor correct answers anything that predisposes an individual to the development of a
disease (NOT EQUIVALENT TO CAUSE!)
Types of risk factors correct answers -environmental
-chemical
-physiological
-psychological
-genetic
Prognosis correct answers the predicted course and outcome of the disease
-states the chances of complete recovery
-predict the permanent loss of function
-probability of survival
Acute correct answers Quick onset, short duration (measles, influenza, common cold)
Chronic correct answers A disease may begin insidiously (gradual, less severe onset) and be
long-lived (arthritis)
Terminal correct answers a disease that will end in death
Remission correct answers signs and symptoms subside
Relapse correct answers signs and symptoms return weeks or months later
