Rad Exam 1, part 1 Questions and
Answers
X-ray equipment - Answer-tubehead, extension arm, control panel
Control panel - Answer-consists of an on/off switch, indicator light, an exposure button and exposure
light, a control device- for time, and with some devices having control devices for kilovoltage and
milliamperage for different sizes of patients
Receptor holder - Answer-used to hold and align intraoral dental x-ray receptors in the mouth,
eliminating the need for the patient to hold the receptor, simplest form is the styrofoam bite-block with
backing plate and slot for receptor retention, other include XCP bite-block and Stabe bite block (Rinn
Corporation), molded plastic devices that can be steralized including snap-a-ray, formerly known as
eezee-grip which is a double-ended instrument that holds the receptor between two serrated platic
grips that can be locked in place. Other products include Endoray and Unibite.
Beam alignment device - Answer-used to help position the PID in relation to the tooth and the receptor,
examples include the XCP and BAI featuring platic bite-blocks, plastic aiming rings, and metal indicator
arms. These are designed to hold digital or traditional film sensors.
Collimator device - Answer-may be retrofitted onto the end of the standard PID to restrict the size of
the x-ray beam and limit radiation exposure. Examples include the IDI Tru-image xray positioning system
and the Rinn Universal collimator
4 Components of film composition - Answer-film base, adhesive layer, film emulsion, protective layer
, Film base - Answer-flexible peice of polyester plastic 0.2mm in thickness to withstand heat, moisture
and chemical exposure. Primary purpose is to provide stable support for emulsion and strength. The
base is transparent with a slight blue tent used to emphasize contrast and enhance image quality.
Adhesive layer - Answer-thin layer, covers both sides of the film base to attach the emulsion
Film emulsion - Answer-coating on top of both sides of adhesive to give the film greater sensitivity to x-
radiation. Homogeneous mixture of gelatin and silver halide crystals. On both sides of film because it
requires less radiation exposure.
Gelatin - Answer-used to evenly disperse the microscopic silver halide crystals over the film base, the
gelatin absorbs the the processing solution and allows the chemicals to react with the silver halide
crystals
Protective layer - Answer-thin, transparent, coating placed over the emulsion, serving to protect the
emulsion surface form manipulation and mechanical and processing damage
Film packet items - Answer-x-ray film, paper film wrapper to shield form light, lead foil sheet to shield
film from backscatter that results in film fog, outer film wrapping in soft-vinyl or paper to protect from
light and oral fluids with the tubeside being white, identification dot to distinguish from R and L.
may contain one or two films- two film packet, to produces two identical images with the same amount
of exposure used for a single image.
Label side - Answer-color-coded to identify films outside of the plastic packaging container ton
distinguish one-fil from two-film packets and film speeds
Periapical film - Answer-used to examine crown to root and supporting bone
Bitewing film
Answers
X-ray equipment - Answer-tubehead, extension arm, control panel
Control panel - Answer-consists of an on/off switch, indicator light, an exposure button and exposure
light, a control device- for time, and with some devices having control devices for kilovoltage and
milliamperage for different sizes of patients
Receptor holder - Answer-used to hold and align intraoral dental x-ray receptors in the mouth,
eliminating the need for the patient to hold the receptor, simplest form is the styrofoam bite-block with
backing plate and slot for receptor retention, other include XCP bite-block and Stabe bite block (Rinn
Corporation), molded plastic devices that can be steralized including snap-a-ray, formerly known as
eezee-grip which is a double-ended instrument that holds the receptor between two serrated platic
grips that can be locked in place. Other products include Endoray and Unibite.
Beam alignment device - Answer-used to help position the PID in relation to the tooth and the receptor,
examples include the XCP and BAI featuring platic bite-blocks, plastic aiming rings, and metal indicator
arms. These are designed to hold digital or traditional film sensors.
Collimator device - Answer-may be retrofitted onto the end of the standard PID to restrict the size of
the x-ray beam and limit radiation exposure. Examples include the IDI Tru-image xray positioning system
and the Rinn Universal collimator
4 Components of film composition - Answer-film base, adhesive layer, film emulsion, protective layer
, Film base - Answer-flexible peice of polyester plastic 0.2mm in thickness to withstand heat, moisture
and chemical exposure. Primary purpose is to provide stable support for emulsion and strength. The
base is transparent with a slight blue tent used to emphasize contrast and enhance image quality.
Adhesive layer - Answer-thin layer, covers both sides of the film base to attach the emulsion
Film emulsion - Answer-coating on top of both sides of adhesive to give the film greater sensitivity to x-
radiation. Homogeneous mixture of gelatin and silver halide crystals. On both sides of film because it
requires less radiation exposure.
Gelatin - Answer-used to evenly disperse the microscopic silver halide crystals over the film base, the
gelatin absorbs the the processing solution and allows the chemicals to react with the silver halide
crystals
Protective layer - Answer-thin, transparent, coating placed over the emulsion, serving to protect the
emulsion surface form manipulation and mechanical and processing damage
Film packet items - Answer-x-ray film, paper film wrapper to shield form light, lead foil sheet to shield
film from backscatter that results in film fog, outer film wrapping in soft-vinyl or paper to protect from
light and oral fluids with the tubeside being white, identification dot to distinguish from R and L.
may contain one or two films- two film packet, to produces two identical images with the same amount
of exposure used for a single image.
Label side - Answer-color-coded to identify films outside of the plastic packaging container ton
distinguish one-fil from two-film packets and film speeds
Periapical film - Answer-used to examine crown to root and supporting bone
Bitewing film
