WMST *1000 Final Exam UofG Questions and
Comprehensive Answers Graded A+ 2024-2025
What are the Androcentric Biases within the four stages of the Scientific Method? -
✔️✔️1. The exclusion of females as experimental and design students
2. Choice and definition of problems to be studied
3. Methods and approaches used in data gathering
4. Theories and conclusions drawn from the data
What is Androcentric Bias? - ✔️✔️It assumes that outcomes are objective, no personal
biases. It is premised on positivism that assumes knowledge using scientific method is
objective and value-free.
Why have women been previously excluded from drug trials in the U.S? - ✔️✔️1.
Hormonal fluctuations
2. Fear of litigations from possibility of damaging fetuses
Examples of women being excluded from testing trials? - ✔️✔️Women were included in
less than 20% of trials for acute heart attack medication from 1960-1991. Also that car
crash testing, the dummies were male.
What are the choices and definition of Problems for studies? - ✔️✔️1. Medical research
relies on federal funding which reflects the interests of those in power
2. Although diseases affect both sexes, they identified as "male diseases"
3. Although women make half of the population, they are sufficiently less represented in
health research
What are data gathering methods and approaches - ✔️✔️1. Females may respond
differently to variables
2. Research only uses white, middle aged heterosexual males as the subjects
3. Research needs the separation between the participant and the researcher and
women need to create bonds.
What are theories and conclusions drawn from medical research? - ✔️✔️Theories may
use sexist language and make assumptions based on stereotypes.
Examples of theories drawn form medical research - ✔️✔️1. AIDS research for women
focused on prostitutes transmitting it rather than analyzing how it progresses in women's
bodies.
2. Research findings in gynaecological research is generalized for lesbians.
, Erasures Impacts healthcare for trans people - ✔️✔️Bauer uses this framework of how
social and political atmosphere influences the conditions for health that individuals live
in to understand how trans people experience challenges to their health and well-being.
What is cissexual? - ✔️✔️Individuals who are not trans, where their subconscious and
physical sex aligns.
What is cisgender? - ✔️✔️A person who identifies with their sex assigned at birth.
What is Transsexual? - ✔️✔️A person who emotionally and psychologically feels that
they belong to the opposite sex.
What is transgender? - ✔️✔️An umbrella term describing people whose gender identity or
expression differs from that associated with their birth sex.
What are the challenges faced by trans people? - ✔️✔️Institutional and social
discrimination/harassment, difficulties securing employment and lack of access.
What are the examples of lack of access that trans people face? - ✔️✔️Social services
for sexual assault suitable housing that is safe, human rights protection, suitable
healthcare.
What is Erasure? - ✔️✔️The tendency to ignore or minimize the existence of trans
people. A defining condition of how transsexuality is managed in culture and institutions.
How does Bauer use Erasure? - ✔️✔️Bauer uses it to examine trans people's
experiences in healthcare.
What did Bauer find about the trans experience in obtaining healthcare? - ✔️✔️He found
trans experience obtaining health care consisted of the interplay of passive and active
erasure. Collectively, passive and active erasures operated to erase trans experiences
at the individual and community level.
What is passive erasure? - ✔️✔️The general lack of knowledge or disregard of trans
issues.
What is active erasure? - ✔️✔️The negative experiences and responses from health care
providers.
What is information erasure? - ✔️✔️The limited knowledge relating to trans concerns in
healthcare of assumption that information is non existent.
Research questions exclude trans participants which adds to the underrepresentation.
Reluctance of healthcare providers to listen to trans patients concerns.
Trans people often have to inform their healthcare provider on what to do.
Comprehensive Answers Graded A+ 2024-2025
What are the Androcentric Biases within the four stages of the Scientific Method? -
✔️✔️1. The exclusion of females as experimental and design students
2. Choice and definition of problems to be studied
3. Methods and approaches used in data gathering
4. Theories and conclusions drawn from the data
What is Androcentric Bias? - ✔️✔️It assumes that outcomes are objective, no personal
biases. It is premised on positivism that assumes knowledge using scientific method is
objective and value-free.
Why have women been previously excluded from drug trials in the U.S? - ✔️✔️1.
Hormonal fluctuations
2. Fear of litigations from possibility of damaging fetuses
Examples of women being excluded from testing trials? - ✔️✔️Women were included in
less than 20% of trials for acute heart attack medication from 1960-1991. Also that car
crash testing, the dummies were male.
What are the choices and definition of Problems for studies? - ✔️✔️1. Medical research
relies on federal funding which reflects the interests of those in power
2. Although diseases affect both sexes, they identified as "male diseases"
3. Although women make half of the population, they are sufficiently less represented in
health research
What are data gathering methods and approaches - ✔️✔️1. Females may respond
differently to variables
2. Research only uses white, middle aged heterosexual males as the subjects
3. Research needs the separation between the participant and the researcher and
women need to create bonds.
What are theories and conclusions drawn from medical research? - ✔️✔️Theories may
use sexist language and make assumptions based on stereotypes.
Examples of theories drawn form medical research - ✔️✔️1. AIDS research for women
focused on prostitutes transmitting it rather than analyzing how it progresses in women's
bodies.
2. Research findings in gynaecological research is generalized for lesbians.
, Erasures Impacts healthcare for trans people - ✔️✔️Bauer uses this framework of how
social and political atmosphere influences the conditions for health that individuals live
in to understand how trans people experience challenges to their health and well-being.
What is cissexual? - ✔️✔️Individuals who are not trans, where their subconscious and
physical sex aligns.
What is cisgender? - ✔️✔️A person who identifies with their sex assigned at birth.
What is Transsexual? - ✔️✔️A person who emotionally and psychologically feels that
they belong to the opposite sex.
What is transgender? - ✔️✔️An umbrella term describing people whose gender identity or
expression differs from that associated with their birth sex.
What are the challenges faced by trans people? - ✔️✔️Institutional and social
discrimination/harassment, difficulties securing employment and lack of access.
What are the examples of lack of access that trans people face? - ✔️✔️Social services
for sexual assault suitable housing that is safe, human rights protection, suitable
healthcare.
What is Erasure? - ✔️✔️The tendency to ignore or minimize the existence of trans
people. A defining condition of how transsexuality is managed in culture and institutions.
How does Bauer use Erasure? - ✔️✔️Bauer uses it to examine trans people's
experiences in healthcare.
What did Bauer find about the trans experience in obtaining healthcare? - ✔️✔️He found
trans experience obtaining health care consisted of the interplay of passive and active
erasure. Collectively, passive and active erasures operated to erase trans experiences
at the individual and community level.
What is passive erasure? - ✔️✔️The general lack of knowledge or disregard of trans
issues.
What is active erasure? - ✔️✔️The negative experiences and responses from health care
providers.
What is information erasure? - ✔️✔️The limited knowledge relating to trans concerns in
healthcare of assumption that information is non existent.
Research questions exclude trans participants which adds to the underrepresentation.
Reluctance of healthcare providers to listen to trans patients concerns.
Trans people often have to inform their healthcare provider on what to do.
