TEST BANK
Hole’s Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 16th Edition (2025)
Authors:
David Shier, Jackie Butler, Charles Welsh & Cynthia Prentice-Craver
Chapters Covered:
Chapters 1–20 (Complete)
,1) Signs of aging at the cellular level (select all that apply):
Answer: B) Unrepaired DNA and abnormal proteins, C) Impaired cell division and the ability to
break down and recycle worn cell parts
(A and D are more systemic/organ-level effects.)
2) Agriculture began in some countries as recently as:
Answer: ~10,000 years ago
3) Dissection of human bodies became part of formal medical school coursework in the:
Answer: 16th century
4) Branch of science dealing with the structure of human body parts:
Answer: Anatomy
5) Branch of science dealing with functions of human body parts:
Answer: Physiology
6) A group of cells with common properties organized into a layer or mass:
Answer: Tissue
7) Subcellular structure built of macromolecules that carries out a function:
Answer: Organelle
8) Process by which food substances are chemically changed into simpler forms that can be
absorbed:
Answer: Digestion
9) Increase in body size without overall change in shape:
Answer: Growth
10) Most abundant molecule in the human body:
Answer: Water
11) Self-regulating control mechanisms usually operate by a process called:
Answer: Feedback
12) Potential space between membranes in the thoracic cavity:
Answer: Pleural cavity
13) Chemicals secreted by endocrine glands:
Answer: Hormones
14) Diseases such as deep vein thrombosis, heart attack, and high blood pressure affect
which system:
Answer: Cardiovascular system
,15) Individuals who live more than 100 years are called:
Answer: Centenarians
16) Standing erect with face and palms forward, upper limbs at the sides describes the:
Answer: Anatomical position
17) Lengthwise cut dividing the body into right and left portions:
Answer: Sagittal section
18) Investigator studying how temperature affects heart rate:
Answer: B) Physiologist
19) Why are anatomy and physiology difficult to separate:
Answer: A) Physiological functions depend on anatomy of structures
20) Activities of an anatomist vs physiologist:
Answer: A) Observing body parts; studying functions of body parts
21) Origin of the term “anatomy”:
Answer: C) From the Greek word for “cutting up”
22) Origin of the term “physiology”:
Answer: D) Greek word for “relationship to nature”
23) Discovery of taste receptors in the small intestine illustrates:
Answer: B) New discoveries about anatomy and physiology are still being made
24) Not true of organelles:
Answer: B) They are only in cells of humans
25) List illustrating increasing levels of complexity:
Answer: D) Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
26) Basic unit of structure and function in all organisms:
Answer: Cell
27) Specialized cell types organized for a specific function form:
Answer: Tissues
28) Simple squamous epithelium is an example of:
Answer: Tissue
29) Assimilation:
Answer: A) The changing of absorbed substances into different chemical forms
,30) Ability to sense and react to changes in the body:
Answer: Responsiveness
31) Process defined as removal of wastes:
Answer: Excretion
32) Correct characteristic of life and description:
Answer: D) Circulation: the movement of substances in body fluids
33) Definition of metabolism:
Answer: D) The chemical reactions occurring in an organism that support life
34) Process that does NOT help maintain life of individual organism:
Answer: C) Reproduction
35) Process most important for continuation of human species:
Answer: C) Reproduction
36) Definition of homeostasis:
Answer: D) The maintenance of stable internal conditions
37) Example of a positive homeostatic mechanism:
Answer: C) Retention of fluid leading to retention of more fluid
38) Typically required to maintain a stable internal environment:
Answer: D) Negative feedback mechanisms
39) Positive feedback in platelet plug formation after a cut:
Answer: A) Platelets change shape and encourage more platelets to rush in
40) Substance the human body must obtain from the environment:
Answer: C) Water
41) Homeostasis exists if water, nutrients, oxygen, heat, and pressure:
Answer: B) Remain within certain limited ranges
42) Negative feedback mechanism response to variable moving away from normal:
Answer: C) Stimulation to change the variable in the opposite direction
43) Effect of a positive feedback mechanism:
Answer: B) It moves conditions away from the normal state
44) Example of a positive feedback mechanism:
Answer: B) Uterine contractions during childbirth
, 45) True regarding the effect of positive feedback mechanisms:
Answer: C) They cause unstable conditions, at least temporarily
46) Disease originating in the abdominopelvic cavity:
Answer: D) Pancreatitis
47) Pneumothorax occurs in the space between:
Answer: A) Parietal pleura and visceral pleura
48) Main function of the digestive system:
Answer: C) Absorption of nutrients
Hole’s Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 16th Edition (2025)
Authors:
David Shier, Jackie Butler, Charles Welsh & Cynthia Prentice-Craver
Chapters Covered:
Chapters 1–20 (Complete)
,1) Signs of aging at the cellular level (select all that apply):
Answer: B) Unrepaired DNA and abnormal proteins, C) Impaired cell division and the ability to
break down and recycle worn cell parts
(A and D are more systemic/organ-level effects.)
2) Agriculture began in some countries as recently as:
Answer: ~10,000 years ago
3) Dissection of human bodies became part of formal medical school coursework in the:
Answer: 16th century
4) Branch of science dealing with the structure of human body parts:
Answer: Anatomy
5) Branch of science dealing with functions of human body parts:
Answer: Physiology
6) A group of cells with common properties organized into a layer or mass:
Answer: Tissue
7) Subcellular structure built of macromolecules that carries out a function:
Answer: Organelle
8) Process by which food substances are chemically changed into simpler forms that can be
absorbed:
Answer: Digestion
9) Increase in body size without overall change in shape:
Answer: Growth
10) Most abundant molecule in the human body:
Answer: Water
11) Self-regulating control mechanisms usually operate by a process called:
Answer: Feedback
12) Potential space between membranes in the thoracic cavity:
Answer: Pleural cavity
13) Chemicals secreted by endocrine glands:
Answer: Hormones
14) Diseases such as deep vein thrombosis, heart attack, and high blood pressure affect
which system:
Answer: Cardiovascular system
,15) Individuals who live more than 100 years are called:
Answer: Centenarians
16) Standing erect with face and palms forward, upper limbs at the sides describes the:
Answer: Anatomical position
17) Lengthwise cut dividing the body into right and left portions:
Answer: Sagittal section
18) Investigator studying how temperature affects heart rate:
Answer: B) Physiologist
19) Why are anatomy and physiology difficult to separate:
Answer: A) Physiological functions depend on anatomy of structures
20) Activities of an anatomist vs physiologist:
Answer: A) Observing body parts; studying functions of body parts
21) Origin of the term “anatomy”:
Answer: C) From the Greek word for “cutting up”
22) Origin of the term “physiology”:
Answer: D) Greek word for “relationship to nature”
23) Discovery of taste receptors in the small intestine illustrates:
Answer: B) New discoveries about anatomy and physiology are still being made
24) Not true of organelles:
Answer: B) They are only in cells of humans
25) List illustrating increasing levels of complexity:
Answer: D) Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
26) Basic unit of structure and function in all organisms:
Answer: Cell
27) Specialized cell types organized for a specific function form:
Answer: Tissues
28) Simple squamous epithelium is an example of:
Answer: Tissue
29) Assimilation:
Answer: A) The changing of absorbed substances into different chemical forms
,30) Ability to sense and react to changes in the body:
Answer: Responsiveness
31) Process defined as removal of wastes:
Answer: Excretion
32) Correct characteristic of life and description:
Answer: D) Circulation: the movement of substances in body fluids
33) Definition of metabolism:
Answer: D) The chemical reactions occurring in an organism that support life
34) Process that does NOT help maintain life of individual organism:
Answer: C) Reproduction
35) Process most important for continuation of human species:
Answer: C) Reproduction
36) Definition of homeostasis:
Answer: D) The maintenance of stable internal conditions
37) Example of a positive homeostatic mechanism:
Answer: C) Retention of fluid leading to retention of more fluid
38) Typically required to maintain a stable internal environment:
Answer: D) Negative feedback mechanisms
39) Positive feedback in platelet plug formation after a cut:
Answer: A) Platelets change shape and encourage more platelets to rush in
40) Substance the human body must obtain from the environment:
Answer: C) Water
41) Homeostasis exists if water, nutrients, oxygen, heat, and pressure:
Answer: B) Remain within certain limited ranges
42) Negative feedback mechanism response to variable moving away from normal:
Answer: C) Stimulation to change the variable in the opposite direction
43) Effect of a positive feedback mechanism:
Answer: B) It moves conditions away from the normal state
44) Example of a positive feedback mechanism:
Answer: B) Uterine contractions during childbirth
, 45) True regarding the effect of positive feedback mechanisms:
Answer: C) They cause unstable conditions, at least temporarily
46) Disease originating in the abdominopelvic cavity:
Answer: D) Pancreatitis
47) Pneumothorax occurs in the space between:
Answer: A) Parietal pleura and visceral pleura
48) Main function of the digestive system:
Answer: C) Absorption of nutrients
