Test Bank Complete_
Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine (7Th) Seventh Edition, Updated
By David S. Strayer & Emanuel Rubin
All Chapters 1-34| 3 Units| Latest Version Updated With Detailed Answers
,SECTION 1: MECHANISMS OF DISEASE ____________________________________________ 4
Chapter 1: Cell Adaptation, Injury And Death____________________________________________ 4
Chapter 2: Inflammation ___________________________________________________________ 14
Chapter 3: Repair, Regeneration And Fibrosis __________________________________________ 29
Chapter 4: Immunopathology _______________________________________________________ 47
Chapter 5: Neoplasia ______________________________________________________________ 55
Chapter 6: Developmental And Genetic Diseases________________________________________ 63
Chapter 7: Hemodynamic Disorders __________________________________________________ 71
Chapter 8: Environmental And Nutritional Pathology ____________________________________ 80
Chapter 9: Infectious And Parasitic Diseases ___________________________________________ 85
Section 2: Pathogenesis Of Systemic Conditions ____________________________________ 91
Chapter 10: Aging _________________________________________________________________ 91
Chapter 11: Systemic Autoimmune Diseases ___________________________________________ 95
Chapter 12: Sepsis _______________________________________________________________ 102
Chapter 13: Obesity And Diabetes Mellitus ___________________________________________ 111
Chapter 14: The Pathology Of Pregnancy _____________________________________________ 118
Chapter 15: The Amyloidoses ______________________________________________________ 122
Section 3: Diseases Of Individual Organ Systems __________________________________ 126
Chapter 16: Blood Vessels _________________________________________________________ 126
Chapter 17: The Heart ____________________________________________________________ 138
Chapter 18: The Respiratory System _________________________________________________ 152
Chapter 19: The Gastrointestinal Tract _______________________________________________ 165
Chapter 20: The Liver And Biliary System _____________________________________________ 184
Chapter 21: The Pancreas _________________________________________________________ 191
Chapter 22: The Kidney ___________________________________________________________ 194
Chapter 23: The Lower Urinary Tract And Male Reproductive System ______________________ 207
Chapter 24: The Female Reproductive System And Peritoneum ___________________________ 213
Chapter 25: The Breast ____________________________________________________________ 221
Chapter 26: Hematopathology _____________________________________________________ 228
Chapter 27: The Endocrine System __________________________________________________ 241
Chapter 28: The Skin _____________________________________________________________ 254
,Chapter 29: The Head And Neck ____________________________________________________ 260
Chapter 30: Bones, Joints And Soft Tissue ____________________________________________ 276
Chapter 31: Skeletal Muscle And Peripheral Nervous System _____________________________ 290
Chapter 32: The Central Nervous System _____________________________________________ 301
Chapter 33: The Eye ______________________________________________________________ 314
Chapter 34: Forensic Pathology _____________________________________________________ 318
,SECTION 1: MECHANISMS OF DISEASE
CHAPTER 1: CELL ADAPTATION, INJURY AND DEATH
David S. Strayer: Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine Seventh (7th) Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ISCHEMIA AND OTHER TOXIC INJURIES INCREASE THE ACCUMULATION OF INTRACELLULAR
CALCIUM AS A RESULT OF:
A) RELEASE OF STORED CALCIUM FROM THE MITOCHONDRIA.
B) IMPROVED INTRACELLULAR VOLUME REGULATION.
C) DECREASED INFLUX ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE.
D) ATTRACTION OF CALCIUM TO FATTY INFILTRATES.
CORRECT ANS: A)
EXPLANATION:
ISCHEMIA AND TOXIC INJURIES LEAD TO IMPAIRED CELL FUNCTION, CAUSING THE RELEASE OF
CALCIUM STORED IN THE MITOCHONDRIA AND OTHER ORGANELLES. THIS RESULTS IN AN
INCREASE IN INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM LEVELS, WHICH CAN ACTIVATE ENZYMES THAT DAMAGE
CELL STRUCTURES, CONTRIBUTING TO CELL INJURY.
2. THE PATIENT IS FOUND TO HAVE LIVER DISEASE, RESULTING IN THE REMOVAL OF A LOBE OF HIS
LIVER. ADAPTATION TO THE REDUCED SIZE OF THE LIVER LEADS TO _ OF THE REMAINING LIVER
CELLS.
A) METAPLASIA
B) ORGAN ATROPHY
C) COMPENSATORY HYPERPLASIA
D) PHYSIOLOGIC HYPERTROPHY
CORRECT ANS: C)
,EXPLANATION:
COMPENSATORY HYPERPLASIA REFERS TO THE PROCESS WHERE THE REMAINING CELLS INCREASE
IN SIZE OR NUMBER TO COMPENSATE FOR THE LOST TISSUE. THIS IS A NORMAL RESPONSE IN
CASES WHERE AN ORGAN IS PARTIALLY REMOVED OR DAMAGED.
3. A PERSON EATING PEANUTS STARTS CHOKING AND COLLAPSES. HIS AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION IS
PARTIALLY CLEARED, BUT HE REMAINS HYPOXIC UNTIL HE REACHES THE HOSPITAL. THE
PROLONGED CELL HYPOXIA CAUSED A CEREBRAL INFARCTION AND RESULTING _ IN THE BRAIN.
A) CASPASE ACTIVATION
B) COAGULATION NECROSIS
C) RAPID PHAGOCYTOSIS
D) PROTEIN P53 DEFICIENCY
CORRECT ANS: B)
EXPLANATION:
COAGULATION NECROSIS IS A FORM OF CELL DEATH THAT TYPICALLY RESULTS FROM ISCHEMIC
INJURIES, SUCH AS THOSE SEEN IN CEREBRAL INFARCTIONS. THIS TYPE OF NECROSIS IS
CHARACTERIZED BY THE PRESERVATION OF THE TISSUE STRUCTURE, EVEN THOUGH THE CELLS
WITHIN THE TISSUE DIE.
4. BACTERIA AND VIRUSES CAUSE CELL DAMAGE BY _, WHICH IS UNIQUE FROM THE
INTRACELLULAR DAMAGE CAUSED BY OTHER INJURIOUS AGENTS.
A) DISRUPTING THE SODIUM/POTASSIUM ATPASE PUMP
B) INTERRUPTING OXIDATIVE METABOLISM PROCESSES
C) REPLICATING AND PRODUCING CONTINUED INJURY
D) DECREASING PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND FUNCTION
CORRECT ANS: C)
EXPLANATION:
, UNLIKE OTHER INJURIOUS AGENTS, BACTERIA AND VIRUSES DAMAGE CELLS BY REPLICATING
WITHIN THEM, LEADING TO ONGOING HARM AS THE PATHOGEN REPRODUCES AND SPREADS. THIS
CONTINUOUS DAMAGE IS A HALLMARK OF INFECTION-RELATED CELL INJURY.
5. THE PATIENT HAS A PROLONGED INTERRUPTION IN ARTERIAL BLOOD FLOW TO HIS LEFT
KIDNEY, CAUSING HYPOXIC CELL INJURY AND THE RELEASE OF FREE RADICALS. FREE RADICALS
DAMAGE CELLS BY:
A) DESTROYING PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN THE CELL MEMBRANE.
B) ALTERING THE IMMUNE RESPONSE OF THE CELL.
C) DISRUPTING CALCIUM STORAGE IN THE CELL.
D) INACTIVATION OF ENZYMES AND MITOCHONDRIA.
CORRECT ANS: A)
EXPLANATION:
FREE RADICALS CAN DAMAGE CELL MEMBRANES BY PEROXIDIZING PHOSPHOLIPIDS, LEADING TO
INCREASED MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY AND LOSS OF CELLULAR INTEGRITY. THIS CONTRIBUTES
TO CELLULAR INJURY, ESPECIALLY IN ISCHEMIC CONDITIONS.
6. INJURED CELLS HAVE IMPAIRED FLOW OF SUBSTANCES THROUGH THE CELL MEMBRANE AS A
RESULT OF:
A) INCREASED FAT LOAD.
B) ALTERED PERMEABILITY.
C) ALTERED GLUCOSE UTILIZATION.
D) INCREASED SURFACE RECEPTORS.
CORRECT ANS: B)
EXPLANATION:
Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine (7Th) Seventh Edition, Updated
By David S. Strayer & Emanuel Rubin
All Chapters 1-34| 3 Units| Latest Version Updated With Detailed Answers
,SECTION 1: MECHANISMS OF DISEASE ____________________________________________ 4
Chapter 1: Cell Adaptation, Injury And Death____________________________________________ 4
Chapter 2: Inflammation ___________________________________________________________ 14
Chapter 3: Repair, Regeneration And Fibrosis __________________________________________ 29
Chapter 4: Immunopathology _______________________________________________________ 47
Chapter 5: Neoplasia ______________________________________________________________ 55
Chapter 6: Developmental And Genetic Diseases________________________________________ 63
Chapter 7: Hemodynamic Disorders __________________________________________________ 71
Chapter 8: Environmental And Nutritional Pathology ____________________________________ 80
Chapter 9: Infectious And Parasitic Diseases ___________________________________________ 85
Section 2: Pathogenesis Of Systemic Conditions ____________________________________ 91
Chapter 10: Aging _________________________________________________________________ 91
Chapter 11: Systemic Autoimmune Diseases ___________________________________________ 95
Chapter 12: Sepsis _______________________________________________________________ 102
Chapter 13: Obesity And Diabetes Mellitus ___________________________________________ 111
Chapter 14: The Pathology Of Pregnancy _____________________________________________ 118
Chapter 15: The Amyloidoses ______________________________________________________ 122
Section 3: Diseases Of Individual Organ Systems __________________________________ 126
Chapter 16: Blood Vessels _________________________________________________________ 126
Chapter 17: The Heart ____________________________________________________________ 138
Chapter 18: The Respiratory System _________________________________________________ 152
Chapter 19: The Gastrointestinal Tract _______________________________________________ 165
Chapter 20: The Liver And Biliary System _____________________________________________ 184
Chapter 21: The Pancreas _________________________________________________________ 191
Chapter 22: The Kidney ___________________________________________________________ 194
Chapter 23: The Lower Urinary Tract And Male Reproductive System ______________________ 207
Chapter 24: The Female Reproductive System And Peritoneum ___________________________ 213
Chapter 25: The Breast ____________________________________________________________ 221
Chapter 26: Hematopathology _____________________________________________________ 228
Chapter 27: The Endocrine System __________________________________________________ 241
Chapter 28: The Skin _____________________________________________________________ 254
,Chapter 29: The Head And Neck ____________________________________________________ 260
Chapter 30: Bones, Joints And Soft Tissue ____________________________________________ 276
Chapter 31: Skeletal Muscle And Peripheral Nervous System _____________________________ 290
Chapter 32: The Central Nervous System _____________________________________________ 301
Chapter 33: The Eye ______________________________________________________________ 314
Chapter 34: Forensic Pathology _____________________________________________________ 318
,SECTION 1: MECHANISMS OF DISEASE
CHAPTER 1: CELL ADAPTATION, INJURY AND DEATH
David S. Strayer: Rubin's Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine Seventh (7th) Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ISCHEMIA AND OTHER TOXIC INJURIES INCREASE THE ACCUMULATION OF INTRACELLULAR
CALCIUM AS A RESULT OF:
A) RELEASE OF STORED CALCIUM FROM THE MITOCHONDRIA.
B) IMPROVED INTRACELLULAR VOLUME REGULATION.
C) DECREASED INFLUX ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE.
D) ATTRACTION OF CALCIUM TO FATTY INFILTRATES.
CORRECT ANS: A)
EXPLANATION:
ISCHEMIA AND TOXIC INJURIES LEAD TO IMPAIRED CELL FUNCTION, CAUSING THE RELEASE OF
CALCIUM STORED IN THE MITOCHONDRIA AND OTHER ORGANELLES. THIS RESULTS IN AN
INCREASE IN INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM LEVELS, WHICH CAN ACTIVATE ENZYMES THAT DAMAGE
CELL STRUCTURES, CONTRIBUTING TO CELL INJURY.
2. THE PATIENT IS FOUND TO HAVE LIVER DISEASE, RESULTING IN THE REMOVAL OF A LOBE OF HIS
LIVER. ADAPTATION TO THE REDUCED SIZE OF THE LIVER LEADS TO _ OF THE REMAINING LIVER
CELLS.
A) METAPLASIA
B) ORGAN ATROPHY
C) COMPENSATORY HYPERPLASIA
D) PHYSIOLOGIC HYPERTROPHY
CORRECT ANS: C)
,EXPLANATION:
COMPENSATORY HYPERPLASIA REFERS TO THE PROCESS WHERE THE REMAINING CELLS INCREASE
IN SIZE OR NUMBER TO COMPENSATE FOR THE LOST TISSUE. THIS IS A NORMAL RESPONSE IN
CASES WHERE AN ORGAN IS PARTIALLY REMOVED OR DAMAGED.
3. A PERSON EATING PEANUTS STARTS CHOKING AND COLLAPSES. HIS AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION IS
PARTIALLY CLEARED, BUT HE REMAINS HYPOXIC UNTIL HE REACHES THE HOSPITAL. THE
PROLONGED CELL HYPOXIA CAUSED A CEREBRAL INFARCTION AND RESULTING _ IN THE BRAIN.
A) CASPASE ACTIVATION
B) COAGULATION NECROSIS
C) RAPID PHAGOCYTOSIS
D) PROTEIN P53 DEFICIENCY
CORRECT ANS: B)
EXPLANATION:
COAGULATION NECROSIS IS A FORM OF CELL DEATH THAT TYPICALLY RESULTS FROM ISCHEMIC
INJURIES, SUCH AS THOSE SEEN IN CEREBRAL INFARCTIONS. THIS TYPE OF NECROSIS IS
CHARACTERIZED BY THE PRESERVATION OF THE TISSUE STRUCTURE, EVEN THOUGH THE CELLS
WITHIN THE TISSUE DIE.
4. BACTERIA AND VIRUSES CAUSE CELL DAMAGE BY _, WHICH IS UNIQUE FROM THE
INTRACELLULAR DAMAGE CAUSED BY OTHER INJURIOUS AGENTS.
A) DISRUPTING THE SODIUM/POTASSIUM ATPASE PUMP
B) INTERRUPTING OXIDATIVE METABOLISM PROCESSES
C) REPLICATING AND PRODUCING CONTINUED INJURY
D) DECREASING PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND FUNCTION
CORRECT ANS: C)
EXPLANATION:
, UNLIKE OTHER INJURIOUS AGENTS, BACTERIA AND VIRUSES DAMAGE CELLS BY REPLICATING
WITHIN THEM, LEADING TO ONGOING HARM AS THE PATHOGEN REPRODUCES AND SPREADS. THIS
CONTINUOUS DAMAGE IS A HALLMARK OF INFECTION-RELATED CELL INJURY.
5. THE PATIENT HAS A PROLONGED INTERRUPTION IN ARTERIAL BLOOD FLOW TO HIS LEFT
KIDNEY, CAUSING HYPOXIC CELL INJURY AND THE RELEASE OF FREE RADICALS. FREE RADICALS
DAMAGE CELLS BY:
A) DESTROYING PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN THE CELL MEMBRANE.
B) ALTERING THE IMMUNE RESPONSE OF THE CELL.
C) DISRUPTING CALCIUM STORAGE IN THE CELL.
D) INACTIVATION OF ENZYMES AND MITOCHONDRIA.
CORRECT ANS: A)
EXPLANATION:
FREE RADICALS CAN DAMAGE CELL MEMBRANES BY PEROXIDIZING PHOSPHOLIPIDS, LEADING TO
INCREASED MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY AND LOSS OF CELLULAR INTEGRITY. THIS CONTRIBUTES
TO CELLULAR INJURY, ESPECIALLY IN ISCHEMIC CONDITIONS.
6. INJURED CELLS HAVE IMPAIRED FLOW OF SUBSTANCES THROUGH THE CELL MEMBRANE AS A
RESULT OF:
A) INCREASED FAT LOAD.
B) ALTERED PERMEABILITY.
C) ALTERED GLUCOSE UTILIZATION.
D) INCREASED SURFACE RECEPTORS.
CORRECT ANS: B)
EXPLANATION:
