NYS EMT-B State Exam Written
a 40-yr old female has difficulty breathing. You determine she has an open airway nad an
altered mental status. Her respirations are 8 and shallow. The MOST important step for the EMS
provider to take is to
a) ask family members of the patients if there's a history of COPD
b) assist patient's respiratory efforts w/ high conc oxygen using a BVM
c) watch patient carefully and obtain vital signs
d) assess the use of accessory muscles while breathing - ANS -b) assist patient's respiratory
efforts w/ high conc oxygen using a BVM
\45. A 62-yr old male is complaining of breathing difficulty and left arm pain radiating to the right
jaw. Vital signs BP 90/60, P= 120, R=24. The patient should be administed: - ANS -A. high-conc
oxygen and should be placed in a position of comfort for ease of breathing
\5 Stages of Grief: - ANS -1. Denial
2. Anger
3. Bargaining
4. Depression
5. Acceptance
\A 21 yr old male is found sitting in an automobile in a parking lot. He has an altered mental
status and a history of diabetes. Your attempt to question him yields little info, as his responses
are inappropriate for the questions. Your treatment for this patient include:
a. Suctioning patients airway
b. Full immobilization of patients head neck and spine
c. Administration of a glucose solution by mouth
d. Open airway with OPA - ANS -C. Administration of a glucose solution by mouth
- AMS//likely hypoglycemia
\A 25-yr old woman is in active labor. The umbilical cord is presenting through the vagina. You
would:
a. Gently pull on cord
b. Massage uterus
c. Replace cord in vagina
d. Place mom supine with hips elevated, administer O2 and transport - ANS -D. place the
mother in a supine position with hips elevated, administer oxygen, and transport
\A 28-yr old patient presents supine on the floor, unconscious, unresponsive, and with snoring
respirations at a rate of 6 per minute. Bystanders report that the patient is diabetic, taken no
medications, and may have ingested heroin half an hour prior to the EMS Provider's arrival.
After opening the patient's airway, the EMS provider should: - ANS -insert an airway adjunct and
ventilate w/ 100% oxygen using a BVM
\A 65-yr old male was involve in a two motor vehicle crash. Upon examination, he complains of
chest pain when breathing and tenderness of the sternum. Your INITIAL care should include:
A stabilizing the sternum
B positioning the patient on his side
,C administering high-concentration oxygen
D administering the patient's prescribed nitroglycerin - ANS -C Administering high-conc oxygen
\A building contractor, under tremendous pressure to meet a job deadline, experiences diffuse
pain in his chest. The pain lasts for several minutes, then disappears w/ rest. The EMS provider
should suspect
a- angina pectoris
b- muscular cramps
c- pulmonary edema
d- congestive heart failure - ANS -A. angina pectoris
\A characteristics of arterial bleeding is that it - ANS -flows from the wound in distinct spurts
\A child drank some unknown fluid. You arrive at the scene and note the following signs: Child's
mouth and lips are burned, child is coughing and gagging. What should you do?
a) administer syrup of ipecac
b) administer activated charcoal and induce vomiting
c) call the medical or poison control center for advice
d) administer syrup of ipepac and activated charcoal - ANS -c- call the medical or poison control
center for advice
- wouldn't use ipecac bc of corrosiveness-burned lips
\A closed bone or joint injury is BEST defined as an injury - ANS -In which there is no break in
the continuity of the skin
\A correct statement about diastolic blood pressure is that it is the pressure
a. Exists when heart left ventricle is refilling
b. Due to the contraction of the ventricles of the heart
c. Caused by contraction of the atria of heart
d. Caused by relaxation of the walls of the major arteries - ANS -d. Caused by relaxation of the
walls of the major arteries
\A correct statement about skeletal muscles is that they - ANS -relax quickly and are voluntary
\A diabetic emergency with a rapid onset is due to: - ANS -too much insulin (causes very low
blood sugar)
HYPOGLYCEMIA
____
CAUSES
- takes too much insulin
-reduces sugar intake by not eating
overexercises/overexerts
-vomits
-increases the metabolic rate in conditions such as fever or shivering
SIGNS
-rapid onset
-drunken stupor
-pale, sweaty skin,
-tachycardia
, -rapid breathing
-seizures
RESULTS
-starvation of brain cells
-altered mental status
-unconsciousness
-permanent brain damage
\A localized soft tissue injury characterized by swelling & bruising is called a/an - ANS
-contusion
\A localized soft tissue injury characterized by swelling and bruising
a. Contusion
b. Avulsion
c. Laceration
d. Abrasion - ANS -contusion
\A nitroglycerin patch discovered on the chest of a 75yrold patient in cardiac arrest should: -
ANS -be removed prior to defibrillation
\A patient was pulled from a house fire and has burns involving arms, chest and back. You
should FIRST - ANS -assess for airway and respiratory distress
\A patient with acute respiratory distress requiring oxygen therapy is LEAST likely to exhibit:
A. a slow pulse rate
B. anxiety
C. nasal flaring
D. intercostal muscle retractions - ANS -A. slow pulse rate
\A severe heat emergency is characterized by - ANS -hot, dry skin
severe heat emergency
- heat stroke- hot, dry
\A single EMS provider finds a non breathing and pulseless victim of a mva lying face down in
the road, and suspects the victim has a spinal injury. The EMS provider should - ANS -turn the
victim's body as a unit and begin CPR
\A victim of a diving accident should be removed from the water - ANS -After he has been
properly immobilized
\According to one theory, the way in which nitroglycerine relieves chest pain is by: - ANS
-dilating coronary arteries
\After you have determined that the scene is safe, the FIRST step in caring for a patient is to:
A. check for a carotid pulse
B. open the airway
C. determine unresponsiveness
D. check for breathing - ANS -C. Determine unresponsiveness
(GEN IMP, LOC, CC)
\All of the following are part of the respiratory system EXCEPT the: - ANS -esophagus
\All of the following are symptoms EXCEPT?
a. Headache
a 40-yr old female has difficulty breathing. You determine she has an open airway nad an
altered mental status. Her respirations are 8 and shallow. The MOST important step for the EMS
provider to take is to
a) ask family members of the patients if there's a history of COPD
b) assist patient's respiratory efforts w/ high conc oxygen using a BVM
c) watch patient carefully and obtain vital signs
d) assess the use of accessory muscles while breathing - ANS -b) assist patient's respiratory
efforts w/ high conc oxygen using a BVM
\45. A 62-yr old male is complaining of breathing difficulty and left arm pain radiating to the right
jaw. Vital signs BP 90/60, P= 120, R=24. The patient should be administed: - ANS -A. high-conc
oxygen and should be placed in a position of comfort for ease of breathing
\5 Stages of Grief: - ANS -1. Denial
2. Anger
3. Bargaining
4. Depression
5. Acceptance
\A 21 yr old male is found sitting in an automobile in a parking lot. He has an altered mental
status and a history of diabetes. Your attempt to question him yields little info, as his responses
are inappropriate for the questions. Your treatment for this patient include:
a. Suctioning patients airway
b. Full immobilization of patients head neck and spine
c. Administration of a glucose solution by mouth
d. Open airway with OPA - ANS -C. Administration of a glucose solution by mouth
- AMS//likely hypoglycemia
\A 25-yr old woman is in active labor. The umbilical cord is presenting through the vagina. You
would:
a. Gently pull on cord
b. Massage uterus
c. Replace cord in vagina
d. Place mom supine with hips elevated, administer O2 and transport - ANS -D. place the
mother in a supine position with hips elevated, administer oxygen, and transport
\A 28-yr old patient presents supine on the floor, unconscious, unresponsive, and with snoring
respirations at a rate of 6 per minute. Bystanders report that the patient is diabetic, taken no
medications, and may have ingested heroin half an hour prior to the EMS Provider's arrival.
After opening the patient's airway, the EMS provider should: - ANS -insert an airway adjunct and
ventilate w/ 100% oxygen using a BVM
\A 65-yr old male was involve in a two motor vehicle crash. Upon examination, he complains of
chest pain when breathing and tenderness of the sternum. Your INITIAL care should include:
A stabilizing the sternum
B positioning the patient on his side
,C administering high-concentration oxygen
D administering the patient's prescribed nitroglycerin - ANS -C Administering high-conc oxygen
\A building contractor, under tremendous pressure to meet a job deadline, experiences diffuse
pain in his chest. The pain lasts for several minutes, then disappears w/ rest. The EMS provider
should suspect
a- angina pectoris
b- muscular cramps
c- pulmonary edema
d- congestive heart failure - ANS -A. angina pectoris
\A characteristics of arterial bleeding is that it - ANS -flows from the wound in distinct spurts
\A child drank some unknown fluid. You arrive at the scene and note the following signs: Child's
mouth and lips are burned, child is coughing and gagging. What should you do?
a) administer syrup of ipecac
b) administer activated charcoal and induce vomiting
c) call the medical or poison control center for advice
d) administer syrup of ipepac and activated charcoal - ANS -c- call the medical or poison control
center for advice
- wouldn't use ipecac bc of corrosiveness-burned lips
\A closed bone or joint injury is BEST defined as an injury - ANS -In which there is no break in
the continuity of the skin
\A correct statement about diastolic blood pressure is that it is the pressure
a. Exists when heart left ventricle is refilling
b. Due to the contraction of the ventricles of the heart
c. Caused by contraction of the atria of heart
d. Caused by relaxation of the walls of the major arteries - ANS -d. Caused by relaxation of the
walls of the major arteries
\A correct statement about skeletal muscles is that they - ANS -relax quickly and are voluntary
\A diabetic emergency with a rapid onset is due to: - ANS -too much insulin (causes very low
blood sugar)
HYPOGLYCEMIA
____
CAUSES
- takes too much insulin
-reduces sugar intake by not eating
overexercises/overexerts
-vomits
-increases the metabolic rate in conditions such as fever or shivering
SIGNS
-rapid onset
-drunken stupor
-pale, sweaty skin,
-tachycardia
, -rapid breathing
-seizures
RESULTS
-starvation of brain cells
-altered mental status
-unconsciousness
-permanent brain damage
\A localized soft tissue injury characterized by swelling & bruising is called a/an - ANS
-contusion
\A localized soft tissue injury characterized by swelling and bruising
a. Contusion
b. Avulsion
c. Laceration
d. Abrasion - ANS -contusion
\A nitroglycerin patch discovered on the chest of a 75yrold patient in cardiac arrest should: -
ANS -be removed prior to defibrillation
\A patient was pulled from a house fire and has burns involving arms, chest and back. You
should FIRST - ANS -assess for airway and respiratory distress
\A patient with acute respiratory distress requiring oxygen therapy is LEAST likely to exhibit:
A. a slow pulse rate
B. anxiety
C. nasal flaring
D. intercostal muscle retractions - ANS -A. slow pulse rate
\A severe heat emergency is characterized by - ANS -hot, dry skin
severe heat emergency
- heat stroke- hot, dry
\A single EMS provider finds a non breathing and pulseless victim of a mva lying face down in
the road, and suspects the victim has a spinal injury. The EMS provider should - ANS -turn the
victim's body as a unit and begin CPR
\A victim of a diving accident should be removed from the water - ANS -After he has been
properly immobilized
\According to one theory, the way in which nitroglycerine relieves chest pain is by: - ANS
-dilating coronary arteries
\After you have determined that the scene is safe, the FIRST step in caring for a patient is to:
A. check for a carotid pulse
B. open the airway
C. determine unresponsiveness
D. check for breathing - ANS -C. Determine unresponsiveness
(GEN IMP, LOC, CC)
\All of the following are part of the respiratory system EXCEPT the: - ANS -esophagus
\All of the following are symptoms EXCEPT?
a. Headache
