NMT 3210 Exam Questions And Answers
Graded A+ 2025/2026
-Collective injury to a number
of cells
-Non-linear w/Known
thresholds
-Severity of effect increases
with dose - Deterministic effect
___________ effect examples are Cancer, Leukemia, Genetic damage appears in
offspring - stochastic
Stochastic effects can have long latent periods. Therefore, also known as - Late effects
______-______ rem enough to cause effect on embryo - 5-15
Fetus is generally less radiosensitive after week _____ - 20
______ Trimester is most sensitive - 1st
Occupational dose limit to fetus is _____ rem/ gestation - 0.5
What kind of exposure is a High dose of radiation delivered
within a short time: 500 rem for 10 sec? (also deterministic) - Acute
Short term Deterministic are seen as - early effects
erythema - skin reddening (sunburn), depilation - hair loss, blood changes, diarrhea,
fever are signs of _________ effects - early
ataracts, fibrosis, degenerative diseases are signs of _______ term and
______________ effects - Long, deterministic
Acute Effects are also______________ ____________
-Whole body
-High level exposure >100rads
-Lethal/near lethal syndromes (Hematologic or BMS, Gastrointestinal,CNS) - Early
effects
-Results from damage to the stem cells in the bone marrow and
lymphatic organs
-usually occurs above doses of 2 Gy/200 rad
-results in infections and hemorrhage due to granulo- and
thrombocytopenia.
-Death occurs within 4-5 weeks
, Acute (100-1000 rad (1000 lethal), Prodromal stage: nausea vomiting, Latent period 3-5
weeks, Manifest illness: lose WBC/RBC forming
capacity, Die from infection, electrolyte imbalance) - The Hematopoietic Syndrome
(Bone Marrow Syndrome BMS)
-Occurs when doses exceed 6 Gy/600rad
-Loss of intestinal stem cells leads to a breakdown of the intestinal/vascular barrier
-Sepsis and death within 5-8 days.
Acute (600-5000 rad, Prodromal stage: nausea/vomiting/diarrhea, Latent period 5 days,
Manifest illness: lose lining of GI tract, Die from dehydration, sepsis) - The
Gastrointestinal Syndrome (GIS)
characterized by immediate onset of severe neurological changes following massive
exposures of over 50 Gy/5000rad. convulsions and death within 2 days
Acute (>5000 rad, Prodromal stage: nausea vomiting w/in minutes, Latent period few
hours, Manifest illness: convulsions, ataxia, breathing difficulty, coma, Die from
increased cranial pressure) - The Central Nervous System Syndrome (CNSS)
occupational dose limit for whole body? (in rem) - 5 rem/year
occupational dose limit for extremities? (In rem) - 50 rem/year
occupational dose limit for eye lens? (in rem) - 15 rem/year
1 mCi= ______ MBq - 37
1rem =_____mSv - 10
1rad=______cGy - 1
Very low doses of radiation from medical procedures are considered safe if they
a. do not exceed background radiation
b. are less than 5 rem per year
c. do not occur during patient's pregnancy
d. no amount of radiation is considered safe - D
The average annual gonadal dose of an average individual is
a. 50 mrem (0.5 mSv)
b. 100 mrem (1 mSv)
c. 150 mrem (1.5 mSv)
d. 200 mrem (2 mSv) - B
In order to handle the radionuclide safely, the technologist must know the radionuclide's
a. chemical properties
Graded A+ 2025/2026
-Collective injury to a number
of cells
-Non-linear w/Known
thresholds
-Severity of effect increases
with dose - Deterministic effect
___________ effect examples are Cancer, Leukemia, Genetic damage appears in
offspring - stochastic
Stochastic effects can have long latent periods. Therefore, also known as - Late effects
______-______ rem enough to cause effect on embryo - 5-15
Fetus is generally less radiosensitive after week _____ - 20
______ Trimester is most sensitive - 1st
Occupational dose limit to fetus is _____ rem/ gestation - 0.5
What kind of exposure is a High dose of radiation delivered
within a short time: 500 rem for 10 sec? (also deterministic) - Acute
Short term Deterministic are seen as - early effects
erythema - skin reddening (sunburn), depilation - hair loss, blood changes, diarrhea,
fever are signs of _________ effects - early
ataracts, fibrosis, degenerative diseases are signs of _______ term and
______________ effects - Long, deterministic
Acute Effects are also______________ ____________
-Whole body
-High level exposure >100rads
-Lethal/near lethal syndromes (Hematologic or BMS, Gastrointestinal,CNS) - Early
effects
-Results from damage to the stem cells in the bone marrow and
lymphatic organs
-usually occurs above doses of 2 Gy/200 rad
-results in infections and hemorrhage due to granulo- and
thrombocytopenia.
-Death occurs within 4-5 weeks
, Acute (100-1000 rad (1000 lethal), Prodromal stage: nausea vomiting, Latent period 3-5
weeks, Manifest illness: lose WBC/RBC forming
capacity, Die from infection, electrolyte imbalance) - The Hematopoietic Syndrome
(Bone Marrow Syndrome BMS)
-Occurs when doses exceed 6 Gy/600rad
-Loss of intestinal stem cells leads to a breakdown of the intestinal/vascular barrier
-Sepsis and death within 5-8 days.
Acute (600-5000 rad, Prodromal stage: nausea/vomiting/diarrhea, Latent period 5 days,
Manifest illness: lose lining of GI tract, Die from dehydration, sepsis) - The
Gastrointestinal Syndrome (GIS)
characterized by immediate onset of severe neurological changes following massive
exposures of over 50 Gy/5000rad. convulsions and death within 2 days
Acute (>5000 rad, Prodromal stage: nausea vomiting w/in minutes, Latent period few
hours, Manifest illness: convulsions, ataxia, breathing difficulty, coma, Die from
increased cranial pressure) - The Central Nervous System Syndrome (CNSS)
occupational dose limit for whole body? (in rem) - 5 rem/year
occupational dose limit for extremities? (In rem) - 50 rem/year
occupational dose limit for eye lens? (in rem) - 15 rem/year
1 mCi= ______ MBq - 37
1rem =_____mSv - 10
1rad=______cGy - 1
Very low doses of radiation from medical procedures are considered safe if they
a. do not exceed background radiation
b. are less than 5 rem per year
c. do not occur during patient's pregnancy
d. no amount of radiation is considered safe - D
The average annual gonadal dose of an average individual is
a. 50 mrem (0.5 mSv)
b. 100 mrem (1 mSv)
c. 150 mrem (1.5 mSv)
d. 200 mrem (2 mSv) - B
In order to handle the radionuclide safely, the technologist must know the radionuclide's
a. chemical properties
