VATI Care of children 2025
A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to the patents of a child who has acute
glomerulonephritis with pitting edema. Which of the following foods should the nurse
recommend be eliminated from the child's diet?'
Hot dogs
➡ Results in edema, HTN, hematuria and proteinuria. Dietary changes requires limit foods high
in sodium because of the edema and HTN. (Hot dogs, or other processed meats)
glomerulonephritis - Glomerulonephritis is a type of kidney disease where these coils become
inflamed. This makes it hard for the kidneys to filter the blood
Diet changes to child’s diet include protein and how much child may need, potassium may be
limited, phosphorus limits (phosphorus makes bones weak), a low-sodium diet
glomerulonephritis - Acute and chronic glomerulonephritis can develop from a systemic infection
and involves the glomeruli of the kidney or the area responsible for filtering particles from the
blood to make urine.
Pitting edema - occurs when excess fluid builds up in the body, causing swelling; when pressure
is applied to the swollen area, a “pit”, or indentation, will remain.
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a 5-year-old child who has a concussion.
Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an early indication of ICP?
Nausea
➡ Early findings of ICP (N + V normally projectile)
A nurse is creating a plan of care for a school-age child who has moderate partial thickness
burns on both lower extremities. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in
the plan?
Maintain aseptic technique during the child dressing changes.
➡ To prevent infection. Delayed wound healing can occur due to infection, which can also
cause partial thickness wounds to develop into full thickness wounds.
,A charge nurse on a pediatric unit is reviewing informed consent guidelines with newly licensed
nurse. For which of the following clients should the nurse obtain informed consent from a
guardian?
A 15-year-old client who requires an open reduction of a fracture.
➡ Sign consent prior to surgical procedures for a minor.
• Informed consent is a legal process by which a client or the client's legally appointed designee
has given written permission for a procedure or treatment. Consent is informed when a provider
explains and the client understands:
➡ The reason the client needs the treatment or procedure.
➡ How the treatment or procedure will benefit the client.
➡ The risks involved if the client chooses to receive the treatment or procedure.
➡ Other options to treat the problem, including not treating the problem.
• The nurse's role in the informed consent process is to witness the client's signature on the
informed consent form and to ensure that the provider has obtained the informed consent
responsibly.
A nurse is caring for a child who has terminal leukemia. The parents asks the nurse, "When will
we know that our child is nearing the end of their life?" Which of the following statements should
the nurse make?
Your child will lose movement in their legs.
➡ Lose movement in the lower extremities. This progressive loss of movement will move up the
body as death nears.
• Leukemias are cancers of white blood cells or of cells that develop into white blood cells. In
leukemia, the white blood cells are not functional. They invade and destroy bone marrow, and
they can metastasize to the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, testes, and brain.
A nurse is providing home care instructions to the parents of a child who is in the edema phase
of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the
teaching?
Provide quite activities for the child.
, ➡ Provide quite activities, such as reading and coloring, during edema phase of nephritis to
minimize oxygen consumption and preserve energy.
• Kidney Failure (nephrotic syndrome); kidney cannot remove waist and balance fluids
A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child following a surgical procedure. Which of the following
pain tools should the nurse use?
Face, Legs, Activity, Cry Consolability (FLACC) scale.
-The FLACC scale is used for infants and children from 2 months to 7 years.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a school age child who has epilepsy
and a new prescription for phenytoin extended release capsules. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Encourage the child to brush their teeth after each meal.
➡ Dental hygiene, this medications can cause gingival hyperplasia, and good oral hygiene
reduces the risk of this occurring.
• Epilepsy - brain disorder causing seizures
• phenytoin (Dilantin) - control seizures (convulsions)
• Gingival hyperplasia is an overgrowth of gum tissue around the teeth. There are a number of
causes for this condition, but it's often a symptom of poor oral hygiene or a side effect of using
certain medications
A nurse is caring for a 6 month old infant who has acute vomiting and diarrhea. Which of the
following manifestations should the nurse identify as an indication of moderate hypovolemia?
Tachypnea
-A hypovolemia worsens, breathing becomes hyperpneic.
➡ hypovolemia (isotonic fluid deficit) - is lack of both water and electrolytes, causing a decrease
in circulating blood volume.
A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to the patents of a child who has acute
glomerulonephritis with pitting edema. Which of the following foods should the nurse
recommend be eliminated from the child's diet?'
Hot dogs
➡ Results in edema, HTN, hematuria and proteinuria. Dietary changes requires limit foods high
in sodium because of the edema and HTN. (Hot dogs, or other processed meats)
glomerulonephritis - Glomerulonephritis is a type of kidney disease where these coils become
inflamed. This makes it hard for the kidneys to filter the blood
Diet changes to child’s diet include protein and how much child may need, potassium may be
limited, phosphorus limits (phosphorus makes bones weak), a low-sodium diet
glomerulonephritis - Acute and chronic glomerulonephritis can develop from a systemic infection
and involves the glomeruli of the kidney or the area responsible for filtering particles from the
blood to make urine.
Pitting edema - occurs when excess fluid builds up in the body, causing swelling; when pressure
is applied to the swollen area, a “pit”, or indentation, will remain.
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a 5-year-old child who has a concussion.
Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an early indication of ICP?
Nausea
➡ Early findings of ICP (N + V normally projectile)
A nurse is creating a plan of care for a school-age child who has moderate partial thickness
burns on both lower extremities. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in
the plan?
Maintain aseptic technique during the child dressing changes.
➡ To prevent infection. Delayed wound healing can occur due to infection, which can also
cause partial thickness wounds to develop into full thickness wounds.
,A charge nurse on a pediatric unit is reviewing informed consent guidelines with newly licensed
nurse. For which of the following clients should the nurse obtain informed consent from a
guardian?
A 15-year-old client who requires an open reduction of a fracture.
➡ Sign consent prior to surgical procedures for a minor.
• Informed consent is a legal process by which a client or the client's legally appointed designee
has given written permission for a procedure or treatment. Consent is informed when a provider
explains and the client understands:
➡ The reason the client needs the treatment or procedure.
➡ How the treatment or procedure will benefit the client.
➡ The risks involved if the client chooses to receive the treatment or procedure.
➡ Other options to treat the problem, including not treating the problem.
• The nurse's role in the informed consent process is to witness the client's signature on the
informed consent form and to ensure that the provider has obtained the informed consent
responsibly.
A nurse is caring for a child who has terminal leukemia. The parents asks the nurse, "When will
we know that our child is nearing the end of their life?" Which of the following statements should
the nurse make?
Your child will lose movement in their legs.
➡ Lose movement in the lower extremities. This progressive loss of movement will move up the
body as death nears.
• Leukemias are cancers of white blood cells or of cells that develop into white blood cells. In
leukemia, the white blood cells are not functional. They invade and destroy bone marrow, and
they can metastasize to the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, testes, and brain.
A nurse is providing home care instructions to the parents of a child who is in the edema phase
of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the
teaching?
Provide quite activities for the child.
, ➡ Provide quite activities, such as reading and coloring, during edema phase of nephritis to
minimize oxygen consumption and preserve energy.
• Kidney Failure (nephrotic syndrome); kidney cannot remove waist and balance fluids
A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child following a surgical procedure. Which of the following
pain tools should the nurse use?
Face, Legs, Activity, Cry Consolability (FLACC) scale.
-The FLACC scale is used for infants and children from 2 months to 7 years.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a school age child who has epilepsy
and a new prescription for phenytoin extended release capsules. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Encourage the child to brush their teeth after each meal.
➡ Dental hygiene, this medications can cause gingival hyperplasia, and good oral hygiene
reduces the risk of this occurring.
• Epilepsy - brain disorder causing seizures
• phenytoin (Dilantin) - control seizures (convulsions)
• Gingival hyperplasia is an overgrowth of gum tissue around the teeth. There are a number of
causes for this condition, but it's often a symptom of poor oral hygiene or a side effect of using
certain medications
A nurse is caring for a 6 month old infant who has acute vomiting and diarrhea. Which of the
following manifestations should the nurse identify as an indication of moderate hypovolemia?
Tachypnea
-A hypovolemia worsens, breathing becomes hyperpneic.
➡ hypovolemia (isotonic fluid deficit) - is lack of both water and electrolytes, causing a decrease
in circulating blood volume.
