Examl 2:l NSG3850l /l NSGl 3850l (Latestl
2025/l 2026l Update)l Pathophysiologyl IIl
Guide|l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l Galen
Q:l Hypoxial S/S
Answer:
EARLYl SIGNSl
R-l Restlessness
A-l Anxietyl
T-l Tachycardial
LATEl SIGNSl
B-l Bradycardial
E-l Extremel restlessnessl
D-l Dyspnea
Q:l Obstructivel Lungl Diseases
Answer:
Asthmal
Bronchitisl
Emphysemal
Narrowingl ofl thel airwaysl duel tol mucousl production,l constriction,l damagel tol thel tissue,l
orl scaringl ofl thel tissues
Q:l Acutel inflammationl ofl thel tracheal andl bronchil
Virall orl non-viral,l inhalationl ofl smokel orl chemicalsl
Allergicl reactions
,Answer:
Acutel bronchitis
Q:l -l Airwaysl becomel inflamed/narrowedl froml capillaryl dilation
-l Swellingl froml exudativel fluid
-l Infiltrationl withl inflammatoryl cells
-l Increasedl mucousl production
-l Decreasedl functionl ofl cilia
Answer:
Acutel Bronchitis
Q:l Whatl isl thel distinctl hallmarkl ofl acutel bronchitis
Answer:
Recentl onsetl ofl cough
Q:l Clinicall manifestationl ofl acutel bronchitis
Answer:
Upperl Respiratoryl Infectionl (URI)
Dry,l irritatingl orl *productive*l cough
Sorel throat,l Chestl pain,l Wheezing
*Laryngitis*
Cold,l Fever,l Constitutionall symptoms
Q:l Destructivel changesl ofl thel alveolarl wallsl withoutl fibrosisl
Damagel isl irreversible
,Answer:
Emphysema
Q:l Smokingl causesl alveolarl damagel
Reductionl inl pulmonaryl capillaryl bedl
Lossl ofl elasticl tissuel inl lung
Airl becomesl trappedl inl alveolil (barrell chest)
Answer:
Emphysema
Q:l Manifestationsl ofl emphysema
Answer:
Increasedl CO2l retentionl
barrell chestl
Pursedl lipl breathingl
Dyspneal
Usel ofl accessoryl musclesl tol breathl
Anxiousl
Prolongedl expirationl time
Q:l Chronicl Bronchitis
Answer:
Cigarrettel smokingl
Repeatedl airwayl infectionsl
Inhalationl ofl irritantsl
Chronicl orl recurrentl productivel coughl forl morel thanl 3l months
, Q:l Manifestationsl ofl chronicl bronchitis
Answer:
Overweightl patientl
SOBl onl exertionl
Excessivel sputuml
Chronicl coughl
Edemal
Hypervolemial
Cyanosisl
Digitl clubbingl
Increasedl RR
Q:l Restrictivel Lungl Diseases
Answer:
Sarcoidosisl andl Pneumonitis
Q:l Acutel orl chronicl systemicl diseasel ofl unknownl causel
Developmentl ofl multiple,l uniform,l noncaseatingl epithelioidl granulomasl
Affectsl multiplel organsl
Abnormall T-Celll function
Answer:
Sarcoidosis
Q:l howl tol diagnosel sarcoidosis
Answer:
-l Nonl caseatingl granulomas
2025/l 2026l Update)l Pathophysiologyl IIl
Guide|l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l Galen
Q:l Hypoxial S/S
Answer:
EARLYl SIGNSl
R-l Restlessness
A-l Anxietyl
T-l Tachycardial
LATEl SIGNSl
B-l Bradycardial
E-l Extremel restlessnessl
D-l Dyspnea
Q:l Obstructivel Lungl Diseases
Answer:
Asthmal
Bronchitisl
Emphysemal
Narrowingl ofl thel airwaysl duel tol mucousl production,l constriction,l damagel tol thel tissue,l
orl scaringl ofl thel tissues
Q:l Acutel inflammationl ofl thel tracheal andl bronchil
Virall orl non-viral,l inhalationl ofl smokel orl chemicalsl
Allergicl reactions
,Answer:
Acutel bronchitis
Q:l -l Airwaysl becomel inflamed/narrowedl froml capillaryl dilation
-l Swellingl froml exudativel fluid
-l Infiltrationl withl inflammatoryl cells
-l Increasedl mucousl production
-l Decreasedl functionl ofl cilia
Answer:
Acutel Bronchitis
Q:l Whatl isl thel distinctl hallmarkl ofl acutel bronchitis
Answer:
Recentl onsetl ofl cough
Q:l Clinicall manifestationl ofl acutel bronchitis
Answer:
Upperl Respiratoryl Infectionl (URI)
Dry,l irritatingl orl *productive*l cough
Sorel throat,l Chestl pain,l Wheezing
*Laryngitis*
Cold,l Fever,l Constitutionall symptoms
Q:l Destructivel changesl ofl thel alveolarl wallsl withoutl fibrosisl
Damagel isl irreversible
,Answer:
Emphysema
Q:l Smokingl causesl alveolarl damagel
Reductionl inl pulmonaryl capillaryl bedl
Lossl ofl elasticl tissuel inl lung
Airl becomesl trappedl inl alveolil (barrell chest)
Answer:
Emphysema
Q:l Manifestationsl ofl emphysema
Answer:
Increasedl CO2l retentionl
barrell chestl
Pursedl lipl breathingl
Dyspneal
Usel ofl accessoryl musclesl tol breathl
Anxiousl
Prolongedl expirationl time
Q:l Chronicl Bronchitis
Answer:
Cigarrettel smokingl
Repeatedl airwayl infectionsl
Inhalationl ofl irritantsl
Chronicl orl recurrentl productivel coughl forl morel thanl 3l months
, Q:l Manifestationsl ofl chronicl bronchitis
Answer:
Overweightl patientl
SOBl onl exertionl
Excessivel sputuml
Chronicl coughl
Edemal
Hypervolemial
Cyanosisl
Digitl clubbingl
Increasedl RR
Q:l Restrictivel Lungl Diseases
Answer:
Sarcoidosisl andl Pneumonitis
Q:l Acutel orl chronicl systemicl diseasel ofl unknownl causel
Developmentl ofl multiple,l uniform,l noncaseatingl epithelioidl granulomasl
Affectsl multiplel organsl
Abnormall T-Celll function
Answer:
Sarcoidosis
Q:l howl tol diagnosel sarcoidosis
Answer:
-l Nonl caseatingl granulomas
