Foundations Final Examination Jersey College
100% Updated 2025 Questions and Answers
Rated A+
What is therapeutic communication?
-verbal and nonverbal communication techniques that encourage patients to express their
feelings and to achieve a positive relationship
-ex: active listening, open ended questions, sharing empathy, validation
What are barriers to effective communication?
-false reassurance
-changing the subject
-arguing
-asking personal questions
-giving personal opinions
-using technical terminology
-automatic responses
-sympathy
-asking for explanations
-approval or disapproval
What are the components of a nursing health history?
-biographical info
-client expectations
-reason for seeking healthcare
-health history
-family history
-psychological history (suicide risk assessment)
-spiritual health
-review of systems
,-observation of client behavior
-diagnostic and lab data
How should a nurse prepare for a physical examination?
-infection control
-environment
-equipment
-physical and psychological preparation of client
What are the 4 assessment techniques>
-inspection
-palpation
-percussion
-auscultation
What is inspection as an assessment technique?
-observe while taking in health info
-use all senses
-inspect color, shape, size, movement, drainage, symmetry, position, abnormality
-adequate lighting, position, and exposure
-pay attention to detail
-observe throughout the entire exam
What is auscultation as an assessment technique?
-listening to sounds the body makes to detect variations from normal
-to auscultate well, you need to hear well, have a good stethoscope, and know how to
properly use it
-takes practice and concentration
What is palpation as an assessment technique?
-using sense of touch to gather info
-be conscious of the environment and the client's condition
-palpate skin for temperature, moisture, texture, tenderness
,What part of the hands would you use to palpate and assess underlying structures and
function?
finger pads
What part of the hands would you use to palpate and assess body temperature?
dorsal surface of hand
What part of the hands would you use to palpate and assess vibrations?
palmar surface of hand
What is percussion as an assessment technique?
-tapping the skin with the fingertips to vibrate underlying tissues and organs
-the denser the tissue, the quieter the sound
-can be used to locate organs or masses and help map their size
-RN's don't do this; always inspect first
What data is collected during a general survey?
-gender
-race
-age
-signs of distress
-body type
-posture
-gait
-body movements
-hygiene and grooming
-dress
-body odor
-affect and mood
-speech
-signs and abuse
-alert and oriented x4
, What does it mean to be alert and oriented x4?
-person (Can you tell me who you are/your name?)
-place (Can you tell me where you are?)
-time (Can you tell me what month/year it is?)
-event (Can you tell me why you are here?)
What vital signs do we measure?
-temperature
-heart rate
-blood pressure
-respirations
-O2 saturation
-pain
What is the relationship between height and weight in regards to patient health?
-reflects general health status
-assess trends
-weight gain of 5 pounds in 1 day indicates a fluid retention issue
-weight loss of more than 5% of body weight in 1 month or 10% in 6 months is significant
-daily weights are taken when patients are hospitalized
-BMI is not the whole picture; look at body fat % as well
How can nurses de-escalate a situation?
-be empathetic and nonjudgmental
-respect personal space
-use nonthreatening nonverbals
-avoid overreacting
-focus on feelings
-ignore challenging questions
-set limits
-choose wisely what you insist upon
100% Updated 2025 Questions and Answers
Rated A+
What is therapeutic communication?
-verbal and nonverbal communication techniques that encourage patients to express their
feelings and to achieve a positive relationship
-ex: active listening, open ended questions, sharing empathy, validation
What are barriers to effective communication?
-false reassurance
-changing the subject
-arguing
-asking personal questions
-giving personal opinions
-using technical terminology
-automatic responses
-sympathy
-asking for explanations
-approval or disapproval
What are the components of a nursing health history?
-biographical info
-client expectations
-reason for seeking healthcare
-health history
-family history
-psychological history (suicide risk assessment)
-spiritual health
-review of systems
,-observation of client behavior
-diagnostic and lab data
How should a nurse prepare for a physical examination?
-infection control
-environment
-equipment
-physical and psychological preparation of client
What are the 4 assessment techniques>
-inspection
-palpation
-percussion
-auscultation
What is inspection as an assessment technique?
-observe while taking in health info
-use all senses
-inspect color, shape, size, movement, drainage, symmetry, position, abnormality
-adequate lighting, position, and exposure
-pay attention to detail
-observe throughout the entire exam
What is auscultation as an assessment technique?
-listening to sounds the body makes to detect variations from normal
-to auscultate well, you need to hear well, have a good stethoscope, and know how to
properly use it
-takes practice and concentration
What is palpation as an assessment technique?
-using sense of touch to gather info
-be conscious of the environment and the client's condition
-palpate skin for temperature, moisture, texture, tenderness
,What part of the hands would you use to palpate and assess underlying structures and
function?
finger pads
What part of the hands would you use to palpate and assess body temperature?
dorsal surface of hand
What part of the hands would you use to palpate and assess vibrations?
palmar surface of hand
What is percussion as an assessment technique?
-tapping the skin with the fingertips to vibrate underlying tissues and organs
-the denser the tissue, the quieter the sound
-can be used to locate organs or masses and help map their size
-RN's don't do this; always inspect first
What data is collected during a general survey?
-gender
-race
-age
-signs of distress
-body type
-posture
-gait
-body movements
-hygiene and grooming
-dress
-body odor
-affect and mood
-speech
-signs and abuse
-alert and oriented x4
, What does it mean to be alert and oriented x4?
-person (Can you tell me who you are/your name?)
-place (Can you tell me where you are?)
-time (Can you tell me what month/year it is?)
-event (Can you tell me why you are here?)
What vital signs do we measure?
-temperature
-heart rate
-blood pressure
-respirations
-O2 saturation
-pain
What is the relationship between height and weight in regards to patient health?
-reflects general health status
-assess trends
-weight gain of 5 pounds in 1 day indicates a fluid retention issue
-weight loss of more than 5% of body weight in 1 month or 10% in 6 months is significant
-daily weights are taken when patients are hospitalized
-BMI is not the whole picture; look at body fat % as well
How can nurses de-escalate a situation?
-be empathetic and nonjudgmental
-respect personal space
-use nonthreatening nonverbals
-avoid overreacting
-focus on feelings
-ignore challenging questions
-set limits
-choose wisely what you insist upon
