WGU Pathophysiology Final Examination: D236
Pathophysiology EXAM QUESTIONS Completed with Correct
Answers 2025 Latest Version| Already Graded A+
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A patient arrives at the clinic for follow up for recently diagnosed folic acid deficiency.
Which of the following likely contributed to this diagnosis?
a. Microcytic anemia
b. Elevated mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
c. Hypochromic anemia
d. Glossitis
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) indicates the volume of red blood cells (RBCs). In folic acid
deficiency, the cells are enlarged. Folic acid deficiency does alter the color of the cells and
vitamin B12 deficiency causes glossitis, NOT folic acid deficiency
Please place in the proper order the processes leading to the development of jaundice
- Increased bilirubin levels
- Increased biliverdin levels
- Increased red blood cell (RBC) breakdown
- Increased porphyrin levels
- Accumulation of bilirubin in skin
An increase in RBC breakdown will increase porphyrin levels, which are converted to
biliverdin. Biliverdin is then converted to bilirubin, which may lead to jaundice, the
accumulation of bilirubin in the skin
Please place the following in order leading to red blood cell formation
- Erythroblast
- Reticulocyte
,- Normoblast
- Mature erythrocyte
- Pluripotent stem cell
A pluripotent stem cell in the bone marrow becomes and erythroblast. An erythroblast
becomes a normoblast which then becomes a reticulocyte, immature red blood cells, and
then a mature erythrocyte 77
A nursing student moves from sea level to mile-high elevation. Please place in the proper
order the sequence of events that likely occurred for her blood laboratory values
- Increased erythropoietin release
- Increased Hct
- Bone-marrow stimulation
- Decreased arterial oxygen
- Increase red blood cell (RBC) synthesis
At elevation, lower oxygen is available. This stimulates erythropoietin release, which
stimulates the bone marrow to produce RBCs leading to an increase in hematocrit
( Decreased arterial oxygen - Increased erythropoietin release - Bone-marrow stimulation -
Increase red blood cell (RBC) synthesis - Increased Hct)
A nurse is working with a woman suffering from fatigue. Which of the following supports
the nurse's conclusion that the patient is suffering from iron-deficiency anemia? Select all
that apply
a. Decreased hemoglobin
b. Macrocytic cells
c. Hypochromic cells
d. Decreased hematocrit
e. Megaloblastic cell
(a, c, d) Anemia causes decreased hemaglobin levels and hematocrit. Iron deficiency anemia
causes cells that are paler in color. Iron deficiency anemia causes smaller than normal cells
,A patient needs a blood transfusion. The patient has O+ blood. Which of the following
blood types can the patient receive in a transfusion? Select all that apply
a. A+
b. AB+
c. O+
d. O-
e. AB-
O+ blood can be received as a transfusion. O- blood can be received as a transfusion
because it lacks the A and B antigens. O+ blood has A and B antibodies, therefore, no blood
type that has A or B antigen can be received as transfusion
A male patient is experiencing chronic renal failure and decreased synthesis of
erythropoietin. Which of the following related to red blood cells may the nurse expect?
a. Hematocrit of 45%
b. Low red blood cell number
c. Polycythemia
d. Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
(b) Erythropoietin stimulates red blood cell formation. If erythropoietin is lacking, then red
blood cell formation will be reduced. Polycythemia is an elevation in red blood cell levels.
Gastric problems resulting in reduced intrinsic factor lead to vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
In iron deficiency anemia, which serum factor may be high?
a. Serum iron
b. Hematocrit
c. Hemoglobin
d. Total iron binding capacity
Total iron binding capacity increases when iron levels are low, indicating that there is
increased space available for iron to bind. Serum iron and hemoglobin would be low..
Hematocrit levels will be low because RBC cannot be synthesized at the normal level
, A patient has aplastic anemia with pancytopenia. Which of the following can the nurse
expect? Select all that apply
a. Increased risk for infection
b. Anemia
c. Increased risk for bleeding
d. Elevated hematocrit
e. Polycythemia
(a, b, c) Pancytopenia would imply a reduction in all blood cells, including white blood cells,
red blood cells, and thrombocytes. Hematocrit would be reduced due to decreased RBCs
and polycythemia indicates high RBC numbers
A patient's bone marrow results reveal platelet levels of 90,000 per microliter. Which of
the following is the correct term to describe this condition?
a. Thrombocytosis
b. Erythropoiesis
c. Thrombocytopenia
d. Thromboxane
Thrombocytopenia is the term for a low number of platelets, less than 100,000/uL.
THrombocytosis is elevated platelets, erythropoieis is the formation of new red blood cells,
and thromboxane is a signal released by platelets
A patient with an ischemic stroke is given tissue plasminogen activator. Which of the
following explains the purpose of this treatment?
a. Tissue plasminogen activator causes vasodilation
b. Tissue plasminogen activator stimulates blood clots to form to decrease blood loss
c. Tissue plasminogen activator stimulates fibrinogen to fibrin conversion
d. Tissue plasminogen activator helps to dissolve clots
Pathophysiology EXAM QUESTIONS Completed with Correct
Answers 2025 Latest Version| Already Graded A+
__________________________________________________
A patient arrives at the clinic for follow up for recently diagnosed folic acid deficiency.
Which of the following likely contributed to this diagnosis?
a. Microcytic anemia
b. Elevated mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
c. Hypochromic anemia
d. Glossitis
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) indicates the volume of red blood cells (RBCs). In folic acid
deficiency, the cells are enlarged. Folic acid deficiency does alter the color of the cells and
vitamin B12 deficiency causes glossitis, NOT folic acid deficiency
Please place in the proper order the processes leading to the development of jaundice
- Increased bilirubin levels
- Increased biliverdin levels
- Increased red blood cell (RBC) breakdown
- Increased porphyrin levels
- Accumulation of bilirubin in skin
An increase in RBC breakdown will increase porphyrin levels, which are converted to
biliverdin. Biliverdin is then converted to bilirubin, which may lead to jaundice, the
accumulation of bilirubin in the skin
Please place the following in order leading to red blood cell formation
- Erythroblast
- Reticulocyte
,- Normoblast
- Mature erythrocyte
- Pluripotent stem cell
A pluripotent stem cell in the bone marrow becomes and erythroblast. An erythroblast
becomes a normoblast which then becomes a reticulocyte, immature red blood cells, and
then a mature erythrocyte 77
A nursing student moves from sea level to mile-high elevation. Please place in the proper
order the sequence of events that likely occurred for her blood laboratory values
- Increased erythropoietin release
- Increased Hct
- Bone-marrow stimulation
- Decreased arterial oxygen
- Increase red blood cell (RBC) synthesis
At elevation, lower oxygen is available. This stimulates erythropoietin release, which
stimulates the bone marrow to produce RBCs leading to an increase in hematocrit
( Decreased arterial oxygen - Increased erythropoietin release - Bone-marrow stimulation -
Increase red blood cell (RBC) synthesis - Increased Hct)
A nurse is working with a woman suffering from fatigue. Which of the following supports
the nurse's conclusion that the patient is suffering from iron-deficiency anemia? Select all
that apply
a. Decreased hemoglobin
b. Macrocytic cells
c. Hypochromic cells
d. Decreased hematocrit
e. Megaloblastic cell
(a, c, d) Anemia causes decreased hemaglobin levels and hematocrit. Iron deficiency anemia
causes cells that are paler in color. Iron deficiency anemia causes smaller than normal cells
,A patient needs a blood transfusion. The patient has O+ blood. Which of the following
blood types can the patient receive in a transfusion? Select all that apply
a. A+
b. AB+
c. O+
d. O-
e. AB-
O+ blood can be received as a transfusion. O- blood can be received as a transfusion
because it lacks the A and B antigens. O+ blood has A and B antibodies, therefore, no blood
type that has A or B antigen can be received as transfusion
A male patient is experiencing chronic renal failure and decreased synthesis of
erythropoietin. Which of the following related to red blood cells may the nurse expect?
a. Hematocrit of 45%
b. Low red blood cell number
c. Polycythemia
d. Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
(b) Erythropoietin stimulates red blood cell formation. If erythropoietin is lacking, then red
blood cell formation will be reduced. Polycythemia is an elevation in red blood cell levels.
Gastric problems resulting in reduced intrinsic factor lead to vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
In iron deficiency anemia, which serum factor may be high?
a. Serum iron
b. Hematocrit
c. Hemoglobin
d. Total iron binding capacity
Total iron binding capacity increases when iron levels are low, indicating that there is
increased space available for iron to bind. Serum iron and hemoglobin would be low..
Hematocrit levels will be low because RBC cannot be synthesized at the normal level
, A patient has aplastic anemia with pancytopenia. Which of the following can the nurse
expect? Select all that apply
a. Increased risk for infection
b. Anemia
c. Increased risk for bleeding
d. Elevated hematocrit
e. Polycythemia
(a, b, c) Pancytopenia would imply a reduction in all blood cells, including white blood cells,
red blood cells, and thrombocytes. Hematocrit would be reduced due to decreased RBCs
and polycythemia indicates high RBC numbers
A patient's bone marrow results reveal platelet levels of 90,000 per microliter. Which of
the following is the correct term to describe this condition?
a. Thrombocytosis
b. Erythropoiesis
c. Thrombocytopenia
d. Thromboxane
Thrombocytopenia is the term for a low number of platelets, less than 100,000/uL.
THrombocytosis is elevated platelets, erythropoieis is the formation of new red blood cells,
and thromboxane is a signal released by platelets
A patient with an ischemic stroke is given tissue plasminogen activator. Which of the
following explains the purpose of this treatment?
a. Tissue plasminogen activator causes vasodilation
b. Tissue plasminogen activator stimulates blood clots to form to decrease blood loss
c. Tissue plasminogen activator stimulates fibrinogen to fibrin conversion
d. Tissue plasminogen activator helps to dissolve clots
