DEP Exam 2 Questions and Answers
-Involves *building schemes through direct interaction *with the environment
-Consists of Assimilation and Accommodation
-Piaget's concept - Answer-Adaptation
-Use *current schemes* to interpret the world
-I.e. baby is introduced a fork and cake and she uses her hand to eat the cake - Answer-Assimilation
-Creating *new schemes* or *adjust old ones* after noticing that our current way of thinking does
*not* capture the environment completely
-I.e. baby is introduced a fork and cake, mom shows her how to eat with the fork and she picks up the
fork and uses it to eat the cake - Answer-Accommodation
The back and forth movement between equilibrium (assimilate more) and disequilibrium (accommodate
more) - Answer-Equilibration
-A process that occurs internally, apart from direct contact with the environment
-*Relating new schemes*
-*Once children form the new schemes* (accommodate), they *rearrange* them, linking them with
other schemes to create a strongly interconnected cognitive system - Answer-Organization
,-Birth to 2 years
-Infants "think" (building schemes) with their eyes, ears, hands, and other sensory equipment
-Can't yet carry out many activities mentally
-Instead do *circular reactions* (repeating an event over and over to strengthen into a new scheme)
-There are developmental stages within the stages - Answer-Piaget's Sensorimotor Stage
-Provides special means of adapting first schemes
-New experiences caused by motor activity, as infant tries to repeat event again sensorimotor response
strengthens into new scheme - Answer-Circular Reaction
-Coordinating schemes deliberately to solve simple problems
-Object permanence is there but not yet complete (babies make A not B Search Error) - Answer-
Intentional Behavior
(Sensorimotor Stage)
-Arrive at solutions *suddenly* rather than trail and error
-Internal, mental depictions of information (i.e. engaging in make-believe play or solving advanced
object permanence problems) - Answer-Mental Representation
(Sensorimotor Stage)
Ability to remember and copy behavior of models who aren't present (i.e. make believe play) - Answer-
Deferred imitation
The understanding that *objects continue to exist when they are out of sight* - Answer-Object
Permanence
, If a baby reaches several times for an object at one hiding place (A), then see it moved to another (B),
they still reach for it in the first hiding place (A) - Answer-A-not-B Search Error
-Helps infants make sense of experience
-Habituation and Recovery - Answer-Categorization
-Researchers show babies an *expected event*, one that follows physical laws
-Researchers then show the same babies an *unexpected event*, one that violates physical laws
-Heightened attention to the unexpected event suggests the infant is "surprised" by a deviation from
physical reality
-*Therefore infant is aware of the aspect of the physical world*
-Habituate babies to physical event, or show expected event (physical laws) then show unexpected
events (violates physical laws) - Answer-Violation-of-Expectation Method
Applying a solution strategy from one problem to other relevant problems - Answer-Analogical Problem
Solving
Realization that words can be used to cue mental images of things not physically there, emerges around
1st birthday - Answer-Displaced Reference
-A not B search error
-Make believe play - Answer-How Piaget was right
The timing of:
-Object permanence
-Deferred imitation
-Categorization
-Involves *building schemes through direct interaction *with the environment
-Consists of Assimilation and Accommodation
-Piaget's concept - Answer-Adaptation
-Use *current schemes* to interpret the world
-I.e. baby is introduced a fork and cake and she uses her hand to eat the cake - Answer-Assimilation
-Creating *new schemes* or *adjust old ones* after noticing that our current way of thinking does
*not* capture the environment completely
-I.e. baby is introduced a fork and cake, mom shows her how to eat with the fork and she picks up the
fork and uses it to eat the cake - Answer-Accommodation
The back and forth movement between equilibrium (assimilate more) and disequilibrium (accommodate
more) - Answer-Equilibration
-A process that occurs internally, apart from direct contact with the environment
-*Relating new schemes*
-*Once children form the new schemes* (accommodate), they *rearrange* them, linking them with
other schemes to create a strongly interconnected cognitive system - Answer-Organization
,-Birth to 2 years
-Infants "think" (building schemes) with their eyes, ears, hands, and other sensory equipment
-Can't yet carry out many activities mentally
-Instead do *circular reactions* (repeating an event over and over to strengthen into a new scheme)
-There are developmental stages within the stages - Answer-Piaget's Sensorimotor Stage
-Provides special means of adapting first schemes
-New experiences caused by motor activity, as infant tries to repeat event again sensorimotor response
strengthens into new scheme - Answer-Circular Reaction
-Coordinating schemes deliberately to solve simple problems
-Object permanence is there but not yet complete (babies make A not B Search Error) - Answer-
Intentional Behavior
(Sensorimotor Stage)
-Arrive at solutions *suddenly* rather than trail and error
-Internal, mental depictions of information (i.e. engaging in make-believe play or solving advanced
object permanence problems) - Answer-Mental Representation
(Sensorimotor Stage)
Ability to remember and copy behavior of models who aren't present (i.e. make believe play) - Answer-
Deferred imitation
The understanding that *objects continue to exist when they are out of sight* - Answer-Object
Permanence
, If a baby reaches several times for an object at one hiding place (A), then see it moved to another (B),
they still reach for it in the first hiding place (A) - Answer-A-not-B Search Error
-Helps infants make sense of experience
-Habituation and Recovery - Answer-Categorization
-Researchers show babies an *expected event*, one that follows physical laws
-Researchers then show the same babies an *unexpected event*, one that violates physical laws
-Heightened attention to the unexpected event suggests the infant is "surprised" by a deviation from
physical reality
-*Therefore infant is aware of the aspect of the physical world*
-Habituate babies to physical event, or show expected event (physical laws) then show unexpected
events (violates physical laws) - Answer-Violation-of-Expectation Method
Applying a solution strategy from one problem to other relevant problems - Answer-Analogical Problem
Solving
Realization that words can be used to cue mental images of things not physically there, emerges around
1st birthday - Answer-Displaced Reference
-A not B search error
-Make believe play - Answer-How Piaget was right
The timing of:
-Object permanence
-Deferred imitation
-Categorization
