LSU PSYC 4008 Baumeister Final Exam Question/Answers
Graded A+ 2025/2026
trans orbital lobotomy - developed by Freeman, "ice-pick lobotomy"
thorazine - caused the decline of shock therapies around 1950s. called the chemical
lobotomy; had (usually) irreversible side effects. Began the modern
psychopharmacology era, first modern antipsychotic
Lightner Whitmer - est. journal called The Psychological Clinic: A Journal for the Study
and Treatment of Mental Retardation and Deviation
Who did the APA credit with establishing clinical psychology? (1996) - Whitmer
Whitmer's clinical psychology was _______ psych - school
Whitmer's psychology helped to: - -diagnose and treat school-related problems
-mental testing
-treatment of speech disorders
-vocational testing and counseling
Whitmer's approach was called: - orthogenics
orthogenics: - deemphasized hereditary, focused on correcting deficiencies through
medical and psychological treatment.
-considered "optimistic" because to emphasized environment over genetics
Clinical psych pre-WW2 - main activity was mental testing in schools and hospitals,
worked under psychiatrists
how was clinical psych initially (around 1920) received by American Psychological
Association - other psychologists thought clinical psych was dumb. it was not received
well, so clinical psychologists made their own organization
post-WW2 psych - very large number of psychologically damaged war veterans
increased the need for psychologists
elements of the 'scientist-practitioner' model of clinical psych (also called Boulder
model) - gave science and research priority over practice. made clinicians feel like too
much of their work was research, rather than learning about clinical work
what is the PsyD degree? - The doctoral degree in clinical psychology that emphasizes
training in the professional application of psychological principles rather than in scientific
methodology.
what was the Eysenck study - Eysenck said clinical psych made people worse after
reading the efficacy of psychotherapies in treatment of neurosis.
, what did the Eysenck study show - 72% of patients with no treatment improved, while
only 44% receiving psychoanalytic treatment improved, and only 64% of those receiving
"eclectic" therapy improved
effects of Eysenck's study - while it was criticized, it made psychologists look into
developing new and better forms of therapy, making a shift towards behavioral therapy
behavioral therapy - based on principle that abnormal behavior and psychopathology
are learned and can be treated by application of techniques
the two types of learning in behavioral psych - Classical (Pavlov) and Operant
conditioning (Thorndike - also called trial and error)
who coined the term behavior therapy? - Eysenck
What did Watson and Jones begin in behavioral pscyh? - early systematic
desensitization. Little Albert study
Eysenck's book on behavioral therapy - Behavior Therapy and Neuroses
Wolpe's book on behavioral therapy - The Systematic Desensitization Treatment of
Neuroses
conditioned inhibition - aka negative practice or overcorrection. says massed practice
causes fatigue, decreasing the behavior
systematic desensitization - developed by Watson, Jones, and Wolpe, most often used
to treat phobias and other anxiety disorders, based on principle of extinction and/or
counter conditioning
aversion therapy - developed in Russia, employs Pavlovian principles - aka classical
conditioning , paring unwanted behavior (like drinking alcohol) with an aversive stimulus
(an electric shock) to deter the unwanted behavior
Wolpe's systematic desensitization: - stimuli associated with feared object or event are
identified and arranged by anxiety provoking potential. participants are systematically
exposed to least feared object until the anxiety extinguishes, and then goes to the next
feared object until all anxiety is extinguished. used with relaxation techniques
cognitive behavior therapy - started by Ellis and Beck; core principles are how a person
feels is related to how they think. people with psychological disorders have irrational
thoughts. these therapies are aimed at correcting thought patterns
Aaron Beck - the father of cognitive therapy. focused on identifying and changing
patterns of irrational thought
Graded A+ 2025/2026
trans orbital lobotomy - developed by Freeman, "ice-pick lobotomy"
thorazine - caused the decline of shock therapies around 1950s. called the chemical
lobotomy; had (usually) irreversible side effects. Began the modern
psychopharmacology era, first modern antipsychotic
Lightner Whitmer - est. journal called The Psychological Clinic: A Journal for the Study
and Treatment of Mental Retardation and Deviation
Who did the APA credit with establishing clinical psychology? (1996) - Whitmer
Whitmer's clinical psychology was _______ psych - school
Whitmer's psychology helped to: - -diagnose and treat school-related problems
-mental testing
-treatment of speech disorders
-vocational testing and counseling
Whitmer's approach was called: - orthogenics
orthogenics: - deemphasized hereditary, focused on correcting deficiencies through
medical and psychological treatment.
-considered "optimistic" because to emphasized environment over genetics
Clinical psych pre-WW2 - main activity was mental testing in schools and hospitals,
worked under psychiatrists
how was clinical psych initially (around 1920) received by American Psychological
Association - other psychologists thought clinical psych was dumb. it was not received
well, so clinical psychologists made their own organization
post-WW2 psych - very large number of psychologically damaged war veterans
increased the need for psychologists
elements of the 'scientist-practitioner' model of clinical psych (also called Boulder
model) - gave science and research priority over practice. made clinicians feel like too
much of their work was research, rather than learning about clinical work
what is the PsyD degree? - The doctoral degree in clinical psychology that emphasizes
training in the professional application of psychological principles rather than in scientific
methodology.
what was the Eysenck study - Eysenck said clinical psych made people worse after
reading the efficacy of psychotherapies in treatment of neurosis.
, what did the Eysenck study show - 72% of patients with no treatment improved, while
only 44% receiving psychoanalytic treatment improved, and only 64% of those receiving
"eclectic" therapy improved
effects of Eysenck's study - while it was criticized, it made psychologists look into
developing new and better forms of therapy, making a shift towards behavioral therapy
behavioral therapy - based on principle that abnormal behavior and psychopathology
are learned and can be treated by application of techniques
the two types of learning in behavioral psych - Classical (Pavlov) and Operant
conditioning (Thorndike - also called trial and error)
who coined the term behavior therapy? - Eysenck
What did Watson and Jones begin in behavioral pscyh? - early systematic
desensitization. Little Albert study
Eysenck's book on behavioral therapy - Behavior Therapy and Neuroses
Wolpe's book on behavioral therapy - The Systematic Desensitization Treatment of
Neuroses
conditioned inhibition - aka negative practice or overcorrection. says massed practice
causes fatigue, decreasing the behavior
systematic desensitization - developed by Watson, Jones, and Wolpe, most often used
to treat phobias and other anxiety disorders, based on principle of extinction and/or
counter conditioning
aversion therapy - developed in Russia, employs Pavlovian principles - aka classical
conditioning , paring unwanted behavior (like drinking alcohol) with an aversive stimulus
(an electric shock) to deter the unwanted behavior
Wolpe's systematic desensitization: - stimuli associated with feared object or event are
identified and arranged by anxiety provoking potential. participants are systematically
exposed to least feared object until the anxiety extinguishes, and then goes to the next
feared object until all anxiety is extinguished. used with relaxation techniques
cognitive behavior therapy - started by Ellis and Beck; core principles are how a person
feels is related to how they think. people with psychological disorders have irrational
thoughts. these therapies are aimed at correcting thought patterns
Aaron Beck - the father of cognitive therapy. focused on identifying and changing
patterns of irrational thought
