Chapter 11: ... Fluid and Electrolyte
Imbalances (Practice Questions)
A consumer at threat for persevering with hyperkalemia states that she is disappointed because
she can not consume fruit every day. Which response via the nurse is exceptional?
A. "You are accurate. Fruit is normally very high in potassium."
b. "If you cook the fruit first, that lowers the potassium."
c. "Berries, cherries, apples, and peaches are low in potassium."
d. "Fresh fruit is higher in potassium than dried fruit." - ANS-c. "Berries, cherries, apples, and
peaches are low in potassium."
Rational: Not all fruit is potassium rich. Fruits which might be distinctly low in potassium and can
be covered in the weight loss plan include apples, apricots, berries, cherries, grapefruit,
peaches, and pineapples. Fruits excessive in potassium include bananas, kiwi, cantaloupe,
oranges, and dried fruit. Cooking fruit does no longer adjust its potassium content material.
A consumer has a calcium degree of 14 mg/dL. Which intervention is the concern?
A. Forcing fluids to 2 L/day
b. Placing the client on a cardiac reveal
c. Assessing for Chvostek's sign every 2 hours
d. Administering IV calcium chloride - ANS-b. Placing the client on a cardiac screen
Rational: This consumer has hypercalcemia. Both forcing fluids and offering cardiac monitoring
are appropriate, however because calcium has big cardiac effects, placing the purchaser on a
cardiac monitor takes precedence. Assessing for Chvostek's signal and administering calcium
might be appropriate for the customer with hypocalcemia.
A client has a records of hypocalcemia. What intervention is most critical for the nurse to feature
to this client's care plan?
A. Push fluids to 2 L/day.
B. Strain all urine output.
C. Use nonslip shoes to get out of bed.
D. Position the consumer supine two times a day. - ANS-c. Use nonslip footwear to get off the
bed.
Rational: Clients with long-status hypocalcemia have brittle bones which can fracture without
problems. Safety wishes are a priority. Having the purchaser wear nonslip shoes to get out of
bed can help prevent falls. The other interventions might not offer protection for this client.
A customer has a history of hypothyroidism. Which laboratory cost is the nurse maximum
worried about?
A. Na+ 146 mEq/L
, b. K+ three.6 mEq/L
c. Ca2+ 8.2 mg/dL
d. Mg2+ 1.1 mEq/L - ANS-c. Ca2+ 8.2 mg/dL
Rational: A commonplace motive of hypocalcemia is hypothyroidism. The calcium value is low,
correlating with this circumstance. The sodium level is handiest slightly high, and
hypothyroidism is not related to sodium imbalances. The potassium degree is ordinary. The
magnesium level is low, but hypothyroidism can cause hypermagnesemia.
A consumer has been identified with overhydration and is harassed. Which intervention does
the nurse consist of inside the purchaser's plan of care to relieve the confusion?
A. Measuring intake and output every shift
b. Slowing the IV go with the flow price to 50 mL/hr
c. Administering diuretic dealers as prescribed
d. Placing the customer in Trendelenburg function - ANS-c. Administering diuretic retailers as
prescribed
Rational: Overhydration maximum often results in poor neuronal characteristic, causing
confusion due to electrolyte imbalances (commonly sodium dilution). Eliminating fluid excess is
the high-quality manner to reduce confusion. The other interventions might now not relieve the
customer's confusion.
A client has been taught to boom potassium within the weight-reduction plan. What nutritional
meal choice shows to the nurse that coaching has been effective?
A. Toasted English muffin with butter and blueberry jam, and tea with sugar
b. Two scrambled eggs, a slice of white toast, and a cup of strawberries
c. Sausage, one slice of complete wheat toast, cup of raisins, and a pitcher of milk
d. Bowl of oatmeal with brown sugar, cup of sliced peaches, and espresso - ANS-c. Sausage,
one slice of whole wheat toast, cup of raisins, and a glass of milk
Rational: Meat, dairy products, and dried fruit have high concentrations of potassium. Eggs,
breads, cereals, sugar, and some end result (berries, peaches) are low in potassium. The menu
selection of sausage, toast, raisins, and milk has the greatest wide variety of gadgets with
higher potassium content.
A patron has been taught to restriction nutritional sodium. Which food choice by the customer
suggests to the nurse that coaching has been effective?
A. Chinese take-out, inclusive of steamed rice
b. A grilled cheese sandwich with tomato soup
c. Slices of ham and cheese on complete grain crackers
d. A hen leg, one slice of bread with butter, and steamed carrots - ANS-d. A bird leg, one slice of
bread with butter, and steamed carrots
Rational: Clients on constrained sodium diets generally ought to avoid processed, smoked, and
pickled ingredients and people with sauces and other condiments. Foods lowest in sodium
include fish, chicken, and fresh produce. The Chinese food in all likelihood might have soy
Imbalances (Practice Questions)
A consumer at threat for persevering with hyperkalemia states that she is disappointed because
she can not consume fruit every day. Which response via the nurse is exceptional?
A. "You are accurate. Fruit is normally very high in potassium."
b. "If you cook the fruit first, that lowers the potassium."
c. "Berries, cherries, apples, and peaches are low in potassium."
d. "Fresh fruit is higher in potassium than dried fruit." - ANS-c. "Berries, cherries, apples, and
peaches are low in potassium."
Rational: Not all fruit is potassium rich. Fruits which might be distinctly low in potassium and can
be covered in the weight loss plan include apples, apricots, berries, cherries, grapefruit,
peaches, and pineapples. Fruits excessive in potassium include bananas, kiwi, cantaloupe,
oranges, and dried fruit. Cooking fruit does no longer adjust its potassium content material.
A consumer has a calcium degree of 14 mg/dL. Which intervention is the concern?
A. Forcing fluids to 2 L/day
b. Placing the client on a cardiac reveal
c. Assessing for Chvostek's sign every 2 hours
d. Administering IV calcium chloride - ANS-b. Placing the client on a cardiac screen
Rational: This consumer has hypercalcemia. Both forcing fluids and offering cardiac monitoring
are appropriate, however because calcium has big cardiac effects, placing the purchaser on a
cardiac monitor takes precedence. Assessing for Chvostek's signal and administering calcium
might be appropriate for the customer with hypocalcemia.
A client has a records of hypocalcemia. What intervention is most critical for the nurse to feature
to this client's care plan?
A. Push fluids to 2 L/day.
B. Strain all urine output.
C. Use nonslip shoes to get out of bed.
D. Position the consumer supine two times a day. - ANS-c. Use nonslip footwear to get off the
bed.
Rational: Clients with long-status hypocalcemia have brittle bones which can fracture without
problems. Safety wishes are a priority. Having the purchaser wear nonslip shoes to get out of
bed can help prevent falls. The other interventions might not offer protection for this client.
A customer has a history of hypothyroidism. Which laboratory cost is the nurse maximum
worried about?
A. Na+ 146 mEq/L
, b. K+ three.6 mEq/L
c. Ca2+ 8.2 mg/dL
d. Mg2+ 1.1 mEq/L - ANS-c. Ca2+ 8.2 mg/dL
Rational: A commonplace motive of hypocalcemia is hypothyroidism. The calcium value is low,
correlating with this circumstance. The sodium level is handiest slightly high, and
hypothyroidism is not related to sodium imbalances. The potassium degree is ordinary. The
magnesium level is low, but hypothyroidism can cause hypermagnesemia.
A consumer has been identified with overhydration and is harassed. Which intervention does
the nurse consist of inside the purchaser's plan of care to relieve the confusion?
A. Measuring intake and output every shift
b. Slowing the IV go with the flow price to 50 mL/hr
c. Administering diuretic dealers as prescribed
d. Placing the customer in Trendelenburg function - ANS-c. Administering diuretic retailers as
prescribed
Rational: Overhydration maximum often results in poor neuronal characteristic, causing
confusion due to electrolyte imbalances (commonly sodium dilution). Eliminating fluid excess is
the high-quality manner to reduce confusion. The other interventions might now not relieve the
customer's confusion.
A client has been taught to boom potassium within the weight-reduction plan. What nutritional
meal choice shows to the nurse that coaching has been effective?
A. Toasted English muffin with butter and blueberry jam, and tea with sugar
b. Two scrambled eggs, a slice of white toast, and a cup of strawberries
c. Sausage, one slice of complete wheat toast, cup of raisins, and a pitcher of milk
d. Bowl of oatmeal with brown sugar, cup of sliced peaches, and espresso - ANS-c. Sausage,
one slice of whole wheat toast, cup of raisins, and a glass of milk
Rational: Meat, dairy products, and dried fruit have high concentrations of potassium. Eggs,
breads, cereals, sugar, and some end result (berries, peaches) are low in potassium. The menu
selection of sausage, toast, raisins, and milk has the greatest wide variety of gadgets with
higher potassium content.
A patron has been taught to restriction nutritional sodium. Which food choice by the customer
suggests to the nurse that coaching has been effective?
A. Chinese take-out, inclusive of steamed rice
b. A grilled cheese sandwich with tomato soup
c. Slices of ham and cheese on complete grain crackers
d. A hen leg, one slice of bread with butter, and steamed carrots - ANS-d. A bird leg, one slice of
bread with butter, and steamed carrots
Rational: Clients on constrained sodium diets generally ought to avoid processed, smoked, and
pickled ingredients and people with sauces and other condiments. Foods lowest in sodium
include fish, chicken, and fresh produce. The Chinese food in all likelihood might have soy
