Certified Para-optometric (CPO) Study
Guide Exam 2025 Updated
What is with accommodation relaxed and the image in the eye focused theoretically behind the eye
resulting in blurry vision called? - ANS ✔ - Hyperopia
What is with accommodation relaxed and the image in the eye focused before the retina resulting in
blurry distant vision called? - ANS ✔ - Myopia
What is the loss of ability to see clearly at near called? - ANS ✔ - Presbyopia
What is a nonspecific term that means the patient has a refractive condition called? - ANS ✔ -
Ametropia.
In order to get a more complete look at the back of the, _______ is often done as part of a complete eye
examination. - ANS ✔ - Pupil dilation
The technical term for pressure inside of the eye is known as _______. - ANS ✔ - Intraocular pressure
The test used to measure the pressure inside the eye is called _______. - ANS ✔ - Tonometry
The specific instrument used to measure the pressure inside the eye is called a _______. - ANS ✔ -
Goldman tonometer
Conditions that affect the whole body are called _______ diseases. - ANS ✔ - Systemic
An instrument that measures the curvature of the cornea is called a/an - ANS ✔ - Keratometer or
ophthalmometer
,An instrument that is worn on the examiners head and used to view the back of the eye is called a.an
- ANS ✔ - Binocular Indirect Ophthalmoscope
What is the most straightforward type of filing system? - ANS ✔ - Alphabetical
Which is not a part of implementing HIPAA? - ANS ✔ - Unlimited PHI disclosure for staff developing
crisis.
Which is not required for documentation of released PHI? - ANS ✔ - Age, name, password
Ciliary Muscle - ANS ✔ - The muscle inside of the eyeball that alters the shape of the crystalline lens.
It has direct control over the focusing ability of the eye.
Medial Rectus - ANS ✔ - The most powerful of the extraocular muscles. Turns the eye toward the
nose.
Inferior Rectus - ANS ✔ - Its primary action is to turn the eye downward.
Lateral Rectus - ANS ✔ - Its only action is to move the eyes away from the nose.
Superior Rectus - ANS ✔ - Its primary action is to move the eye upward.
Superior Oblique - ANS ✔ - Rotates eye down and inward
Inferior Oblique - ANS ✔ - Rotates eye up and outward
Anterior Chamber - ANS ✔ - The area inside the eye, behind the cornea, and in front of the iris.
, Aqueous humor - ANS ✔ - a clear, watery fluid produced by the ciliary body. It provides nutrients for
the lens and posterior cornea.
Choroid - ANS ✔ - Sandwiched between the sclera and the retina. This nourishes the retina.
Conjunctiva - ANS ✔ - clear, cellophane-like tissue that covers the sclera and the inside surface of the
eyelids. The *palpebral* _______ lines the lids, while the *bulbar* _______ covers the sclera.
Fovea Centralis - ANS ✔ - Area in the macula where visual acuity is the sharpest.
Macula - ANS ✔ - The central part of the retina, which is used for seeing detail.
Posterior Chamber - ANS ✔ - The area behind the iris and in front of the lens.
Rods - ANS ✔ - Photoreceptors that provide black/white vision and are the most sensitive.
Cones - ANS ✔ - Photoreceptors responsible for color vision and for clear central vision.
Sclera - ANS ✔ - The white portion of the eye made up of a tough, fibrous tissue that gives shape and
structure to the eyeball.
Vitreous Humor - ANS ✔ - A thick, clear, jelly-like substance that fills the eye between the lens and
the retina. This serves to support the retina and helps keep the eye round.
Ocular Adnexa - ANS ✔ - The adjacent structures of the eye, such as eyelids, lashes, eyebrows, lacrimal
apparatus, tarsal plates, orbit, extraocular muscles and conjunctiva.
Sinuses - ANS ✔ - Air spaces within the bones.
Lacrimal Gland - ANS ✔ - The gland that supplies most of the tears to the eye.
Guide Exam 2025 Updated
What is with accommodation relaxed and the image in the eye focused theoretically behind the eye
resulting in blurry vision called? - ANS ✔ - Hyperopia
What is with accommodation relaxed and the image in the eye focused before the retina resulting in
blurry distant vision called? - ANS ✔ - Myopia
What is the loss of ability to see clearly at near called? - ANS ✔ - Presbyopia
What is a nonspecific term that means the patient has a refractive condition called? - ANS ✔ -
Ametropia.
In order to get a more complete look at the back of the, _______ is often done as part of a complete eye
examination. - ANS ✔ - Pupil dilation
The technical term for pressure inside of the eye is known as _______. - ANS ✔ - Intraocular pressure
The test used to measure the pressure inside the eye is called _______. - ANS ✔ - Tonometry
The specific instrument used to measure the pressure inside the eye is called a _______. - ANS ✔ -
Goldman tonometer
Conditions that affect the whole body are called _______ diseases. - ANS ✔ - Systemic
An instrument that measures the curvature of the cornea is called a/an - ANS ✔ - Keratometer or
ophthalmometer
,An instrument that is worn on the examiners head and used to view the back of the eye is called a.an
- ANS ✔ - Binocular Indirect Ophthalmoscope
What is the most straightforward type of filing system? - ANS ✔ - Alphabetical
Which is not a part of implementing HIPAA? - ANS ✔ - Unlimited PHI disclosure for staff developing
crisis.
Which is not required for documentation of released PHI? - ANS ✔ - Age, name, password
Ciliary Muscle - ANS ✔ - The muscle inside of the eyeball that alters the shape of the crystalline lens.
It has direct control over the focusing ability of the eye.
Medial Rectus - ANS ✔ - The most powerful of the extraocular muscles. Turns the eye toward the
nose.
Inferior Rectus - ANS ✔ - Its primary action is to turn the eye downward.
Lateral Rectus - ANS ✔ - Its only action is to move the eyes away from the nose.
Superior Rectus - ANS ✔ - Its primary action is to move the eye upward.
Superior Oblique - ANS ✔ - Rotates eye down and inward
Inferior Oblique - ANS ✔ - Rotates eye up and outward
Anterior Chamber - ANS ✔ - The area inside the eye, behind the cornea, and in front of the iris.
, Aqueous humor - ANS ✔ - a clear, watery fluid produced by the ciliary body. It provides nutrients for
the lens and posterior cornea.
Choroid - ANS ✔ - Sandwiched between the sclera and the retina. This nourishes the retina.
Conjunctiva - ANS ✔ - clear, cellophane-like tissue that covers the sclera and the inside surface of the
eyelids. The *palpebral* _______ lines the lids, while the *bulbar* _______ covers the sclera.
Fovea Centralis - ANS ✔ - Area in the macula where visual acuity is the sharpest.
Macula - ANS ✔ - The central part of the retina, which is used for seeing detail.
Posterior Chamber - ANS ✔ - The area behind the iris and in front of the lens.
Rods - ANS ✔ - Photoreceptors that provide black/white vision and are the most sensitive.
Cones - ANS ✔ - Photoreceptors responsible for color vision and for clear central vision.
Sclera - ANS ✔ - The white portion of the eye made up of a tough, fibrous tissue that gives shape and
structure to the eyeball.
Vitreous Humor - ANS ✔ - A thick, clear, jelly-like substance that fills the eye between the lens and
the retina. This serves to support the retina and helps keep the eye round.
Ocular Adnexa - ANS ✔ - The adjacent structures of the eye, such as eyelids, lashes, eyebrows, lacrimal
apparatus, tarsal plates, orbit, extraocular muscles and conjunctiva.
Sinuses - ANS ✔ - Air spaces within the bones.
Lacrimal Gland - ANS ✔ - The gland that supplies most of the tears to the eye.
