Test Bank Complete_
Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology: Introductory Concepts
And Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition, (2024)
By Theresa Capriotti DO MSN CRNP RN (Author)
All Chapters 1-46| 16 Units| Latest Version With Detailed Explanation Answers| verified
,PART 1. THE CELL ________________________________________________________ 4
CHAPTER 1: THE CELL IN HEALTH AND ILLNESS ________________________________ 4
CHAPTER 2: CELLULAR INJURY, ADAPTATIONS, AND MALADAPTIVE CHANGES __ 11
CHAPTER 3: GENETIC BASIS OF DISEASE ______________________________________ 25
PART 2. INTEGRATED BODY PROCESSES ________________________________________ 38
CHAPTER 4: STRESS, EXERCISE, AND IMMOBILITY _____________________________ 38
CHAPTER 5: OBESITY AND NUTRITIONAL IMBALANCES ________________________ 51
CHAPTER 6: PAIN ____________________________________________________________ 65
PART 3. FLUID, ELECTROLYTE, AND ACID-BASE HOMEOSTASIS ______________________ 80
CHAPTER 7: FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES __________________________ 80
CHAPTER 8: ACID–BASE BALANCES ___________________________________________ 95
PART 4. INFECTION AND INFLAMMATION _____________________________________ 109
CHAPTER 9: INFLAMMATION AND DYSFUNCTIONAL WOUND HEALING ________ 109
CHAPTER 10: INFECTIOUS DISEASES _________________________________________ 124
CHAPTER 11: IMMUNE SYSTEM DISORDERS ___________________________________ 138
PART 5. HEMATOLOGIC DISORDERS __________________________________________ 154
CHAPTER 12: WHITE BLOOD CELL DISORDERS ________________________________ 154
CHAPTER 13: RED BLOOD CELL DISORDERS __________________________________ 175
CHAPTER 14: PLATELETS, HEMOSTASIS, AND COAGULATION DISORDERS ______ 191
PART 6. CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS _______________________________________ 207
CHAPTER 15: ARTERIAL DISORDERS _________________________________________ 207
CHAPTER 16, ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AND CONDUCTION DISORDERS _______ 223
CHAPTER 17: HEART FAILURE _______________________________________________ 239
CHAPTER 18: VALVULAR HEART DISEASE ____________________________________ 255
CHAPTER 19: VENOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS ___________________________________ 269
PART 7. PULMONARY DISORDERS ____________________________________________ 285
CHAPTER 20: RESPIRATORY INFLAMMATION AND INFECTION _________________ 285
CHAPTER 21: RESTRICTIVE AND OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISORDERS ______ 300
PART 8. RENAL AND UROLOGICAL DISORDERS __________________________________ 316
CHAPTER 22: RENAL DISORDERS _____________________________________________ 316
CHAPTER 23: UROLOGICAL DISORDERS ______________________________________ 334
PART 9. HORMONAL AND REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS ___________________________ 351
CHAPTER 24: ENDOCRINE DISORDERS ________________________________________ 351
CHAPTER 25: DIABETES MELLITUS AND THE METABOLIC SYNDROME __________ 368
, CHAPTER 26: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DISORDERS ___________________ 382
CHAPTER 27: MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DISORDERS ______________________ 395
CHAPTER 28: SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES ____________________________ 408
PART 10. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDER ______________________________________ 422
CHAPTER 29: ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, AND SMALL INTESTINE DISORDERS ______ 422
CHAPTER 30: LARGE INTESTINE DISORDERS __________________________________ 436
CHAPTER 31: INFECTION, INFLAMMATION, AND CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER ______ 450
CHAPTER 32: GALLBLADDER, PANCREATIC, AND BILE DUCT DYSFUNCTION ____ 464
PART 11. NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS ________________________________________ 478
CHAPTER 33: CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS _______________________________ 478
CHAPTER 34: CHRONIC AND DEGENERATIVE NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS ________ 492
CHAPTER 35: BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD INJURY _______________________________ 506
CHAPTER 36: PSYCHOBIOLOGY OF BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS __________________ 520
PART 12. MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS _____________________________________ 534
CHAPTER 37: MUSCULOSKELETAL TRAUMA __________________________________ 534
CHAPTER 38: DEGENERATIVE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM DISORDERS _______ 548
CHAPTER 39: INFECTION AND INFLAMMATORY MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS 561
PART 13. CANCER ________________________________________________________ 575
CHAPTER 40: CANCER _______________________________________________________ 575
PART 14. INTEGUMENTARY DISORDERS ______________________________________ 590
CHAPTER 41: SKIN DISORDERS _______________________________________________ 590
CHAPTER 42: BURNS ________________________________________________________ 603
PART 15. SENSORY DISORDERS ______________________________________________ 617
CHAPTER 43: EYE DISORDERS _______________________________________________ 617
CHAPTER 44: EAR DISORDERS _______________________________________________ 631
PART 16. AGING AND MULTI-SYSTEM DISORDERS ______________________________ 644
CHAPTER 45: PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC CONCEPTS OF AGING ______________________ 644
CHAPTER 46: SIRS, SEPSIS, SHOCK, MODS, AND DEATH ________________________ 657
,PART 1. THE CELL
CHAPTER 1: THE CELL IN HEALTH AND ILLNESS
Theresa Capriotti Davis Advantage For Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts And Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition, (2024)
Multiple Option
Identify The Option That Best Completes The Statement Or Answers The Question.
1. Which Statement Regarding The Sodium–Potassium Pump Is Correct?
1. The Cell’s Plasma Membrane Is More Soluble To Sodium Ions Than Potassium Ions.
2. The Concentration Of Sodium Ions Should Be Higher Inside The Cell Compartment.
3. The Concentration Of Potassium Ions Should Be Higher Outside The Cell Compartment.
4. The Active Transport Involves Pumping Out Three Sodium Ions And Pumping In Two
Potassium Ions.
CORRECT ANSWER: 4.
EXPLANATION:
The Sodium-Potassium Pump Actively Transports Three Sodium Ions Out And Two
Potassium Ions In, Maintaining The Necessary Concentration Gradients.
Option 1: Incorrect; The Membrane Is More Permeable To Potassium Ions.
Option 2: Incorrect; Sodium Ion Concentration Is Higher Outside The Cell.
Option 3: Incorrect; Potassium Ions Are More Concentrated Inside The Cell.
Pts: 1 Con: Cellular Regulation
Objective: Recognize The Major Organelles And Their Function Within The Cell. Page: 1
Heading: Cell Structure And Function>The Sodium Potassium Pump (Na+/K+ Pump)
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level:
Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Moderate
2. In The Absence Of Oxygen, Which Cellular Function Creates The Same Amount Of
Energy As Is Created In The Presence Of Oxygen?
1. Dissipation Of Pyruvic Acid
2. Initiation Of The Citric Acid Cycle
3. Activation Of Acetyl-Coenzyme A
4. Creation Of Acidosis Via Lactic Acid
CORRECT ANSWER: 2.
EXPLANATION:
In The Absence Of Oxygen, Pyruvic Acid Is Converted Into Acetyl-Coenzyme A, Which
Triggers A Series Of Reactions Known As The Krebs Cycle, Also Called The Citric Acid
Cycle.
Option 1: Incorrect; Pyruvic Acid Does Not Create Energy.
Option 3: Incorrect; This Step Also Requires Aerobic Conditions.
Option 4: Incorrect; In Cellular Hypoxia, Pyruvic Acid Is Converted To Lactic Acid, Which
Is Noxious To Cells, Causing Muscle Pain And Biochemical Alterations Such As Acidosis.
Pts: 1 Con: Cellular Regulation
Objective: Discuss The Difference Between Aerobic And Anaerobic Metabolism. Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure And Function>Energy Metabolism Integrated Process: Nursing
Process
, Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level: Analysis
[Analysing]
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Difficult
3. How Many Adenosine Triphosphates (Atps) Are Produced In Aerobic Energy
Metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
4. 53
CORRECT ANSWER: 3.
EXPLANATION:
Approximately 34 Atps Can Be Generated Per Glucose Molecule During Aerobic Metabolism
Through Oxidative Phosphorylation.
Option 1: Incorrect; Glycolysis Yields Only 2 Atp.
Option 2: Incorrect; This Is A Specific Yield, Not Total Atp.
Option 4: Incorrect; This Is An Overestimate.
Pts: 1 Con: Cellular Regulation
Objective: Discuss The Difference Between Aerobic And Anaerobic Metabolism. Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure And Function>Energy Metabolism Integrated Process: Nursing
Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level: Knowledge
[Remembering]
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Eas
4. Which Cell Organelles Differ In Their Number According To The Cell’s Energy
Needs?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic Acids
4. Deoxyribonucleic Acids
CORRECT ANSWER:2.
EXPLANATION:
Mitochondria Numbers Vary Based On A Cell’s Energy Requirements, With More In
Energy-Demanding Tissues.
Option 1: Incorrect; Ribosomes Are Usually Constant.
Option 3: Incorrect; Rna Levels Do Not Vary In This Manner.
Option 4: Incorrect; Dna Quantity Remains Stable.
Pts: 1 Con: Cellular Regulation
Objective: Recognize The Major Organelles And Their Function Within The Cell. Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure And Function>Mitochondria Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level:
Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Moderate
5. Which Option Best Supports The Reason More Energy Is Produced When A Person
Is Exercising?
1. Exercise Causes An Increase In The Synthesis Of Protein.
Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology: Introductory Concepts
And Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition, (2024)
By Theresa Capriotti DO MSN CRNP RN (Author)
All Chapters 1-46| 16 Units| Latest Version With Detailed Explanation Answers| verified
,PART 1. THE CELL ________________________________________________________ 4
CHAPTER 1: THE CELL IN HEALTH AND ILLNESS ________________________________ 4
CHAPTER 2: CELLULAR INJURY, ADAPTATIONS, AND MALADAPTIVE CHANGES __ 11
CHAPTER 3: GENETIC BASIS OF DISEASE ______________________________________ 25
PART 2. INTEGRATED BODY PROCESSES ________________________________________ 38
CHAPTER 4: STRESS, EXERCISE, AND IMMOBILITY _____________________________ 38
CHAPTER 5: OBESITY AND NUTRITIONAL IMBALANCES ________________________ 51
CHAPTER 6: PAIN ____________________________________________________________ 65
PART 3. FLUID, ELECTROLYTE, AND ACID-BASE HOMEOSTASIS ______________________ 80
CHAPTER 7: FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES __________________________ 80
CHAPTER 8: ACID–BASE BALANCES ___________________________________________ 95
PART 4. INFECTION AND INFLAMMATION _____________________________________ 109
CHAPTER 9: INFLAMMATION AND DYSFUNCTIONAL WOUND HEALING ________ 109
CHAPTER 10: INFECTIOUS DISEASES _________________________________________ 124
CHAPTER 11: IMMUNE SYSTEM DISORDERS ___________________________________ 138
PART 5. HEMATOLOGIC DISORDERS __________________________________________ 154
CHAPTER 12: WHITE BLOOD CELL DISORDERS ________________________________ 154
CHAPTER 13: RED BLOOD CELL DISORDERS __________________________________ 175
CHAPTER 14: PLATELETS, HEMOSTASIS, AND COAGULATION DISORDERS ______ 191
PART 6. CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS _______________________________________ 207
CHAPTER 15: ARTERIAL DISORDERS _________________________________________ 207
CHAPTER 16, ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AND CONDUCTION DISORDERS _______ 223
CHAPTER 17: HEART FAILURE _______________________________________________ 239
CHAPTER 18: VALVULAR HEART DISEASE ____________________________________ 255
CHAPTER 19: VENOUS SYSTEM DISORDERS ___________________________________ 269
PART 7. PULMONARY DISORDERS ____________________________________________ 285
CHAPTER 20: RESPIRATORY INFLAMMATION AND INFECTION _________________ 285
CHAPTER 21: RESTRICTIVE AND OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISORDERS ______ 300
PART 8. RENAL AND UROLOGICAL DISORDERS __________________________________ 316
CHAPTER 22: RENAL DISORDERS _____________________________________________ 316
CHAPTER 23: UROLOGICAL DISORDERS ______________________________________ 334
PART 9. HORMONAL AND REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS ___________________________ 351
CHAPTER 24: ENDOCRINE DISORDERS ________________________________________ 351
CHAPTER 25: DIABETES MELLITUS AND THE METABOLIC SYNDROME __________ 368
, CHAPTER 26: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DISORDERS ___________________ 382
CHAPTER 27: MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DISORDERS ______________________ 395
CHAPTER 28: SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES ____________________________ 408
PART 10. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDER ______________________________________ 422
CHAPTER 29: ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, AND SMALL INTESTINE DISORDERS ______ 422
CHAPTER 30: LARGE INTESTINE DISORDERS __________________________________ 436
CHAPTER 31: INFECTION, INFLAMMATION, AND CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER ______ 450
CHAPTER 32: GALLBLADDER, PANCREATIC, AND BILE DUCT DYSFUNCTION ____ 464
PART 11. NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS ________________________________________ 478
CHAPTER 33: CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS _______________________________ 478
CHAPTER 34: CHRONIC AND DEGENERATIVE NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS ________ 492
CHAPTER 35: BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD INJURY _______________________________ 506
CHAPTER 36: PSYCHOBIOLOGY OF BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS __________________ 520
PART 12. MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS _____________________________________ 534
CHAPTER 37: MUSCULOSKELETAL TRAUMA __________________________________ 534
CHAPTER 38: DEGENERATIVE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM DISORDERS _______ 548
CHAPTER 39: INFECTION AND INFLAMMATORY MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS 561
PART 13. CANCER ________________________________________________________ 575
CHAPTER 40: CANCER _______________________________________________________ 575
PART 14. INTEGUMENTARY DISORDERS ______________________________________ 590
CHAPTER 41: SKIN DISORDERS _______________________________________________ 590
CHAPTER 42: BURNS ________________________________________________________ 603
PART 15. SENSORY DISORDERS ______________________________________________ 617
CHAPTER 43: EYE DISORDERS _______________________________________________ 617
CHAPTER 44: EAR DISORDERS _______________________________________________ 631
PART 16. AGING AND MULTI-SYSTEM DISORDERS ______________________________ 644
CHAPTER 45: PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC CONCEPTS OF AGING ______________________ 644
CHAPTER 46: SIRS, SEPSIS, SHOCK, MODS, AND DEATH ________________________ 657
,PART 1. THE CELL
CHAPTER 1: THE CELL IN HEALTH AND ILLNESS
Theresa Capriotti Davis Advantage For Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts And Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition, (2024)
Multiple Option
Identify The Option That Best Completes The Statement Or Answers The Question.
1. Which Statement Regarding The Sodium–Potassium Pump Is Correct?
1. The Cell’s Plasma Membrane Is More Soluble To Sodium Ions Than Potassium Ions.
2. The Concentration Of Sodium Ions Should Be Higher Inside The Cell Compartment.
3. The Concentration Of Potassium Ions Should Be Higher Outside The Cell Compartment.
4. The Active Transport Involves Pumping Out Three Sodium Ions And Pumping In Two
Potassium Ions.
CORRECT ANSWER: 4.
EXPLANATION:
The Sodium-Potassium Pump Actively Transports Three Sodium Ions Out And Two
Potassium Ions In, Maintaining The Necessary Concentration Gradients.
Option 1: Incorrect; The Membrane Is More Permeable To Potassium Ions.
Option 2: Incorrect; Sodium Ion Concentration Is Higher Outside The Cell.
Option 3: Incorrect; Potassium Ions Are More Concentrated Inside The Cell.
Pts: 1 Con: Cellular Regulation
Objective: Recognize The Major Organelles And Their Function Within The Cell. Page: 1
Heading: Cell Structure And Function>The Sodium Potassium Pump (Na+/K+ Pump)
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level:
Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Moderate
2. In The Absence Of Oxygen, Which Cellular Function Creates The Same Amount Of
Energy As Is Created In The Presence Of Oxygen?
1. Dissipation Of Pyruvic Acid
2. Initiation Of The Citric Acid Cycle
3. Activation Of Acetyl-Coenzyme A
4. Creation Of Acidosis Via Lactic Acid
CORRECT ANSWER: 2.
EXPLANATION:
In The Absence Of Oxygen, Pyruvic Acid Is Converted Into Acetyl-Coenzyme A, Which
Triggers A Series Of Reactions Known As The Krebs Cycle, Also Called The Citric Acid
Cycle.
Option 1: Incorrect; Pyruvic Acid Does Not Create Energy.
Option 3: Incorrect; This Step Also Requires Aerobic Conditions.
Option 4: Incorrect; In Cellular Hypoxia, Pyruvic Acid Is Converted To Lactic Acid, Which
Is Noxious To Cells, Causing Muscle Pain And Biochemical Alterations Such As Acidosis.
Pts: 1 Con: Cellular Regulation
Objective: Discuss The Difference Between Aerobic And Anaerobic Metabolism. Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure And Function>Energy Metabolism Integrated Process: Nursing
Process
, Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level: Analysis
[Analysing]
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Difficult
3. How Many Adenosine Triphosphates (Atps) Are Produced In Aerobic Energy
Metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
4. 53
CORRECT ANSWER: 3.
EXPLANATION:
Approximately 34 Atps Can Be Generated Per Glucose Molecule During Aerobic Metabolism
Through Oxidative Phosphorylation.
Option 1: Incorrect; Glycolysis Yields Only 2 Atp.
Option 2: Incorrect; This Is A Specific Yield, Not Total Atp.
Option 4: Incorrect; This Is An Overestimate.
Pts: 1 Con: Cellular Regulation
Objective: Discuss The Difference Between Aerobic And Anaerobic Metabolism. Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure And Function>Energy Metabolism Integrated Process: Nursing
Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level: Knowledge
[Remembering]
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Eas
4. Which Cell Organelles Differ In Their Number According To The Cell’s Energy
Needs?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic Acids
4. Deoxyribonucleic Acids
CORRECT ANSWER:2.
EXPLANATION:
Mitochondria Numbers Vary Based On A Cell’s Energy Requirements, With More In
Energy-Demanding Tissues.
Option 1: Incorrect; Ribosomes Are Usually Constant.
Option 3: Incorrect; Rna Levels Do Not Vary In This Manner.
Option 4: Incorrect; Dna Quantity Remains Stable.
Pts: 1 Con: Cellular Regulation
Objective: Recognize The Major Organelles And Their Function Within The Cell. Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure And Function>Mitochondria Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level:
Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Moderate
5. Which Option Best Supports The Reason More Energy Is Produced When A Person
Is Exercising?
1. Exercise Causes An Increase In The Synthesis Of Protein.
