GCSE BIOLOGY AQA PAPER 1. EXAM REVISION QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST 2025 UPDATE.
What is the function of the nucleus? - ANSWER- Contains DNA to control the cell
What is the function of the cell membrane? - ANSWER- Controls entry and exit of substances
What is the function of the cell wall? - ANSWER- Provides structure and support
What is the function of mitochondria? - ANSWER- Carry out respiration to release energy
What is the function of ribosomes? - ANSWER- Protein synthesis
What is the function of chloroplasts? - ANSWER- Carry out photosynthesis
What is the function of a vacuole? - ANSWER- Contains cell sap
Define a prokaryote - ANSWER- A cell that does not have a nucleus
Define a eukaryote - ANSWER- A cell that has DNA in a nucleus
Name two cell structures that are in a eukaryote but not in a prokaryote - ANSWER- Nucleus,
mitochondria, chloroplasts
What is a plasmid? - ANSWER- A small loop of DNA in bacteria
,What is a plant cell wall made from? - ANSWER- Cellulose
How is DNA stored in a bacterial cell? - ANSWER- As a single, free-floating loop; also on
plasmids
What is differentiation? - ANSWER- The process by which cells become specialised
What is the equation for magnification? - ANSWER- Magnification = Image Size ÷ Actual
Size
A photograph of a cell is 15mm long. It has a magnification of 1100x. What is the actual size? -
ANSWER- 0.0136mm, or 13.6µm
A cell is 12µm wide. It is magnified by 450 times. How big is the image? - ANSWER- 5400µm,
or 5.4mm
If the image of a virus is 1.2mm, and its actual size is 0.2µm, how much has it been magnified by?
- ANSWER- 6000 times
Convert 38500µm into mm - ANSWER- 38.5mm
How many µm are in 1mm? - ANSWER- 1000
Write 17400m in standard form - ANSWER- 1.74 x 10^4 m
Write 0.0034 in standard form - ANSWER- 3.4 x 10^-3
How is a sperm cell adapted for its function? - ANSWER- It has a tail to swim to the egg
, How is a nerve cell adapted for its function? - ANSWER- It has a long axon to conduct impulses
over long distances
How is a muscle cell adapted for its function? - ANSWER- It can contract to cause movement
How is a root hair cell adapted for its function? - ANSWER- It has a large surface area to
increase osmosis of water
How is a xylem cell adapted for its function? - ANSWER- It has hollow ends to transport water
How is a phloem cell adapted for its function? - ANSWER- It has sieve tubes to transport sugars
What is a stem cell? - ANSWER- An undifferentiated cell that can differentiate to become any
type of specialised cell
Where are stem cells most commonly found in animals? - ANSWER- In embryos and in bone
marrow
What is meristem tissue? - ANSWER- Plant tissue containing stem cells
When are plant cells able to differentiate? - ANSWER- Throughout the whole life of the plant
When do most animal cells differentiate? - ANSWER- At an early stage of development (as an
embryo)
What is the "resolution" of a microscope? - ANSWER- Resolution is the smallest distance
between two separate points
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST 2025 UPDATE.
What is the function of the nucleus? - ANSWER- Contains DNA to control the cell
What is the function of the cell membrane? - ANSWER- Controls entry and exit of substances
What is the function of the cell wall? - ANSWER- Provides structure and support
What is the function of mitochondria? - ANSWER- Carry out respiration to release energy
What is the function of ribosomes? - ANSWER- Protein synthesis
What is the function of chloroplasts? - ANSWER- Carry out photosynthesis
What is the function of a vacuole? - ANSWER- Contains cell sap
Define a prokaryote - ANSWER- A cell that does not have a nucleus
Define a eukaryote - ANSWER- A cell that has DNA in a nucleus
Name two cell structures that are in a eukaryote but not in a prokaryote - ANSWER- Nucleus,
mitochondria, chloroplasts
What is a plasmid? - ANSWER- A small loop of DNA in bacteria
,What is a plant cell wall made from? - ANSWER- Cellulose
How is DNA stored in a bacterial cell? - ANSWER- As a single, free-floating loop; also on
plasmids
What is differentiation? - ANSWER- The process by which cells become specialised
What is the equation for magnification? - ANSWER- Magnification = Image Size ÷ Actual
Size
A photograph of a cell is 15mm long. It has a magnification of 1100x. What is the actual size? -
ANSWER- 0.0136mm, or 13.6µm
A cell is 12µm wide. It is magnified by 450 times. How big is the image? - ANSWER- 5400µm,
or 5.4mm
If the image of a virus is 1.2mm, and its actual size is 0.2µm, how much has it been magnified by?
- ANSWER- 6000 times
Convert 38500µm into mm - ANSWER- 38.5mm
How many µm are in 1mm? - ANSWER- 1000
Write 17400m in standard form - ANSWER- 1.74 x 10^4 m
Write 0.0034 in standard form - ANSWER- 3.4 x 10^-3
How is a sperm cell adapted for its function? - ANSWER- It has a tail to swim to the egg
, How is a nerve cell adapted for its function? - ANSWER- It has a long axon to conduct impulses
over long distances
How is a muscle cell adapted for its function? - ANSWER- It can contract to cause movement
How is a root hair cell adapted for its function? - ANSWER- It has a large surface area to
increase osmosis of water
How is a xylem cell adapted for its function? - ANSWER- It has hollow ends to transport water
How is a phloem cell adapted for its function? - ANSWER- It has sieve tubes to transport sugars
What is a stem cell? - ANSWER- An undifferentiated cell that can differentiate to become any
type of specialised cell
Where are stem cells most commonly found in animals? - ANSWER- In embryos and in bone
marrow
What is meristem tissue? - ANSWER- Plant tissue containing stem cells
When are plant cells able to differentiate? - ANSWER- Throughout the whole life of the plant
When do most animal cells differentiate? - ANSWER- At an early stage of development (as an
embryo)
What is the "resolution" of a microscope? - ANSWER- Resolution is the smallest distance
between two separate points
