Clinical Medicine- Exam 7 Questions and Correct Answers Latest Update 2025
what are the two most common DBW/healthy weight stadards utilized in practice? - Answers -Hamwi
Formula
-BMI
In what individuals do you have to make adjustments to the DBW? - Answers -paraplegics and
quadriplegics
-have an amputation
What BMI is classified as underweight? - Answers <18.5
what BMI is classified as normal weight? - Answers 18.5-24.9
what BMI is classified as Overweight? - Answers 25-29.9
How do you calculate a percentage of DBW based on Hamwi? - Answers (current weight/desirable
weight) X 100
_____________ weight loss is mainly body fluid loss - Answers Sudden
_________________ weight loss includes fluid, fat, and protein - Answers Chronic
_____________ weight loss is associated with protein catabolism - Answers Rapid
-often used as a generic term to describe a variety of nutrient deficits
-commonly think of it as "underweight" but is much more complex than just weight
-caused by less-than-adequate intake of nutrients to include energy intake - Answers Undernutrition
when disease and under-nutrition co-exist, adaptive-nutrient-saving responses are generally
___________________, such that the depletion of body nutrient stores and tissue is accelerated leading
to __________________ - Answers -reversed
-malnutrition
-nonspecific marker that reflects INFLAMMATION
-increases within 4-6 hours of surgery or other trauma
-can increase as much as 1000-fold depending on intensity of the stress response
-if this is elevated- nutrition support will result in limited improvement of nutrition status - Answers C-
Reactive Protein (CRP)
, When CRP declines, this is indicated of entering the _____________ phase of the inflammatory response
and nutrition therapy will become more ______________ at this time - Answers -Anabolic phase
-beneficial
-progressive loss of muscle mass with decline in strength and/or physical function
-loss of quantity and quality of muscle mass
-loss of muscle-> loss of strength
-increased risk of falls
-disability
-leads to mortality and morbidity
-loss of independence - Answers Sarcopenia
-presence of obesity can mask loss of muscle mass
-patient may have low or diminished muscle mass but little in any change in weight - Answers
Sarcopenic Obesity
______________-related malnutrition vs malnutrition caused by inadequate access to food is not
confined to underweight patients. I can also affect normal weight, overweight, and obese patients, and
it is frequently overlooked, undetected, and untreated. Malnutrition can occur at ANY BMI - Answers
Disease-related
According to the ASPEN-academy guidelines for diagnosing malnutrition, which category (3) of
malnutrition is from chronic starvation without inflammation, in elderly individuals who is depressed
and has no appetite, and includes pure chronic starvation (anorexia nervosa)?
-extended period of time - Answers Starvation Related
According to the ASPEN-academy guidelines for diagnosing malnutrition, which category (3) of
malnutrition is mild to moderate inflammation involved, and examples include organ failure, cancer, RA,
and sarcopenic obesity?
->3 months - Answers Chronic Disease Related
According to the ASPEN-academy guidelines for diagnosing malnutrition, which category (3) of
malnutrition has marked/severe inflammation responses, and examples include major infection, burns,
trauma, or closed head injury?
-short-time period - Answers Acute Disease/Injury
what are the two most common DBW/healthy weight stadards utilized in practice? - Answers -Hamwi
Formula
-BMI
In what individuals do you have to make adjustments to the DBW? - Answers -paraplegics and
quadriplegics
-have an amputation
What BMI is classified as underweight? - Answers <18.5
what BMI is classified as normal weight? - Answers 18.5-24.9
what BMI is classified as Overweight? - Answers 25-29.9
How do you calculate a percentage of DBW based on Hamwi? - Answers (current weight/desirable
weight) X 100
_____________ weight loss is mainly body fluid loss - Answers Sudden
_________________ weight loss includes fluid, fat, and protein - Answers Chronic
_____________ weight loss is associated with protein catabolism - Answers Rapid
-often used as a generic term to describe a variety of nutrient deficits
-commonly think of it as "underweight" but is much more complex than just weight
-caused by less-than-adequate intake of nutrients to include energy intake - Answers Undernutrition
when disease and under-nutrition co-exist, adaptive-nutrient-saving responses are generally
___________________, such that the depletion of body nutrient stores and tissue is accelerated leading
to __________________ - Answers -reversed
-malnutrition
-nonspecific marker that reflects INFLAMMATION
-increases within 4-6 hours of surgery or other trauma
-can increase as much as 1000-fold depending on intensity of the stress response
-if this is elevated- nutrition support will result in limited improvement of nutrition status - Answers C-
Reactive Protein (CRP)
, When CRP declines, this is indicated of entering the _____________ phase of the inflammatory response
and nutrition therapy will become more ______________ at this time - Answers -Anabolic phase
-beneficial
-progressive loss of muscle mass with decline in strength and/or physical function
-loss of quantity and quality of muscle mass
-loss of muscle-> loss of strength
-increased risk of falls
-disability
-leads to mortality and morbidity
-loss of independence - Answers Sarcopenia
-presence of obesity can mask loss of muscle mass
-patient may have low or diminished muscle mass but little in any change in weight - Answers
Sarcopenic Obesity
______________-related malnutrition vs malnutrition caused by inadequate access to food is not
confined to underweight patients. I can also affect normal weight, overweight, and obese patients, and
it is frequently overlooked, undetected, and untreated. Malnutrition can occur at ANY BMI - Answers
Disease-related
According to the ASPEN-academy guidelines for diagnosing malnutrition, which category (3) of
malnutrition is from chronic starvation without inflammation, in elderly individuals who is depressed
and has no appetite, and includes pure chronic starvation (anorexia nervosa)?
-extended period of time - Answers Starvation Related
According to the ASPEN-academy guidelines for diagnosing malnutrition, which category (3) of
malnutrition is mild to moderate inflammation involved, and examples include organ failure, cancer, RA,
and sarcopenic obesity?
->3 months - Answers Chronic Disease Related
According to the ASPEN-academy guidelines for diagnosing malnutrition, which category (3) of
malnutrition has marked/severe inflammation responses, and examples include major infection, burns,
trauma, or closed head injury?
-short-time period - Answers Acute Disease/Injury
