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Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

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Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids, consisting of a nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and phosphate. They form nucleic acids through phosphodiester bonds, creating a stable double helix structure in DNA that stores genetic information. RNA serves various functions, including protein synthesis, and both nucleic acids can undergo mutations due to spontaneous or induced changes. Nucleotides also play roles in energy transfer and cellular regulation.

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Chapter 8
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Materials CH08 Nucleotides and Nucleic acids.pdf

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Chapter 8 – nucleotides and nucleic acids
What is a nucleotide?
Nucleotides are the building blocks of Nucleic acids

Nucleotides composed of 3 components:

Nitrogenous base (A, C, G, T or U)

Pentose sugar

Phosphate




What is the difference between a nucleotide and a
nucleoside?

Chapter 8 1

, Nucleotide Nucleoside

Nitrogenous Nitrogenous base
base
Pentose sugar
Pentose sugar

Phosphate


Nitrogenous Bases




Minor Purine and Pyrimidine Bases
Minor bases in Minor bases in DNA
RNA
commonly
especially methylated forms of
tRNAs major bases

contribute to Play a role in
3D structure protecting/regulating
and ribozyme genetic information
functions




Chapter 8 2

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