N3 Laser Safety Exam Questions and Answers
Ionisation - Answer-Electrical process in which electron is knocked out of its orbit
/.Ionising radiation - Answer-radiation that is energetic and capable of causing atoms
and molecules in its path to split into positive and negative ions
/.ionising radiation includes - Answer-alpha, beta and gamma rays
/.decay of radioactive substances produces what rays - Answer-alpha, beta and gamma
rays
/.x-ray machines produce - Answer-x-rays
/.particulate radiation consist of ___ and ___ rays - Answer-alpha, beta
/.x-rays are electromagnetic radiation of wavelength - Answer-100nm to 1e-5 nm
/.alpha, beta, gamma rays result from - Answer-spontaneous re-arrangements within
unstable nuclei
/.x-rays produced by - Answer-electroncs jumping between orbits close to nucleus or
electrons losing energy when passing through strong electric field close to nucleus
/.x-rays are unlike radiation from radioactive sources because - Answer-they can be
"turned off" by disconnecting high voltage
/.alpha and beta are - Answer-sub-atomic particles
/.gamma and x-ray are - Answer-electromagnetic rays
/.alpha radiation completely absorbed by - Answer-sheet of paper, few centimeters of air
/.beta radiation completely absorbed by - Answer-few cm of wood, glass, water or
several meters of air
/.gamma and x-ray intensity reduced significantly by - Answer-few mm of lead, few cm
of concrete/brick (low energy). 10cm or more of lead, meter or so of concrete/brick (high
energy)
/.non-ionising radiation refers to radiation which - Answer-energy not capable in causing
ionistion, but capable in causing other injuries
, /.non-ionising radiation wavelengths - Answer-greater than 100nm and acoustic
radiation and fields with frequencies above 16 kHz
/.examples of non-ionising radiation - Answer-microwave, ultraviolet, visible, infrared,
laser, ultrasound radiation
/.electromagnetic radiation created by - Answer-oscillating electric charges
/.kind of EM radiation emitted is determined by - Answer-frequency of oscillation
/.EM radiation can be considered as a stream of particles called - Answer-photons
/.photon has associated an amount of energy - Answer-hf, h is Planck's constant, f is
frequency
/.Planck's constant, h = ? - Answer-6.626e-34 Js or 4.1357e-15 eVs
/.Radiation has dual wave-particle character because - Answer-frequency of wave
motion can be used to calculate energy of emitted photon
/.ionising radiation consists of ___ region and 2 types of radiation - Answer-ray region.
Gamma and x-rays
/.non-ionising radiation consist of ___ region and ___ region - Answer-optical region,
wave region
/.types of radiation in increasing frequency - Answer-radiowave, microwave, infrared,
visible, ultraviolet, x-ray, gamma rays
/.gamma rays freq, wavelength, energy - Answer->10^19 Hz, <0.03nm, >40keV
/.x-rays freq, wavelength, energy - Answer-3e15 to 10^19 Hz, 0.03nm to 100nm, 12.4eV
to 40keV
/.ultraviolet freq, wavelength, energy - Answer-7.5e14 Hz to 1.67e15 Hz, 100nm to
400nm, 3.1eV to 6.9eV
/.visible freq, wavelength, energy - Answer-4.3e14 Hz to 7.5e14 Hz, 400nm to 700nm,
1.77eV to 3.1eV
/.infrared freq, wavelength, energy - Answer-3e11 Hz to 4.3e14 Hz, 700nm to 1mm,
0.00124eV to 1.77eV
/.microwave freq, wavelength, energy - Answer-300 MHz to 300 GHz, 1mm to 1m, 1e-6
eV to 1e-3 eV
Ionisation - Answer-Electrical process in which electron is knocked out of its orbit
/.Ionising radiation - Answer-radiation that is energetic and capable of causing atoms
and molecules in its path to split into positive and negative ions
/.ionising radiation includes - Answer-alpha, beta and gamma rays
/.decay of radioactive substances produces what rays - Answer-alpha, beta and gamma
rays
/.x-ray machines produce - Answer-x-rays
/.particulate radiation consist of ___ and ___ rays - Answer-alpha, beta
/.x-rays are electromagnetic radiation of wavelength - Answer-100nm to 1e-5 nm
/.alpha, beta, gamma rays result from - Answer-spontaneous re-arrangements within
unstable nuclei
/.x-rays produced by - Answer-electroncs jumping between orbits close to nucleus or
electrons losing energy when passing through strong electric field close to nucleus
/.x-rays are unlike radiation from radioactive sources because - Answer-they can be
"turned off" by disconnecting high voltage
/.alpha and beta are - Answer-sub-atomic particles
/.gamma and x-ray are - Answer-electromagnetic rays
/.alpha radiation completely absorbed by - Answer-sheet of paper, few centimeters of air
/.beta radiation completely absorbed by - Answer-few cm of wood, glass, water or
several meters of air
/.gamma and x-ray intensity reduced significantly by - Answer-few mm of lead, few cm
of concrete/brick (low energy). 10cm or more of lead, meter or so of concrete/brick (high
energy)
/.non-ionising radiation refers to radiation which - Answer-energy not capable in causing
ionistion, but capable in causing other injuries
, /.non-ionising radiation wavelengths - Answer-greater than 100nm and acoustic
radiation and fields with frequencies above 16 kHz
/.examples of non-ionising radiation - Answer-microwave, ultraviolet, visible, infrared,
laser, ultrasound radiation
/.electromagnetic radiation created by - Answer-oscillating electric charges
/.kind of EM radiation emitted is determined by - Answer-frequency of oscillation
/.EM radiation can be considered as a stream of particles called - Answer-photons
/.photon has associated an amount of energy - Answer-hf, h is Planck's constant, f is
frequency
/.Planck's constant, h = ? - Answer-6.626e-34 Js or 4.1357e-15 eVs
/.Radiation has dual wave-particle character because - Answer-frequency of wave
motion can be used to calculate energy of emitted photon
/.ionising radiation consists of ___ region and 2 types of radiation - Answer-ray region.
Gamma and x-rays
/.non-ionising radiation consist of ___ region and ___ region - Answer-optical region,
wave region
/.types of radiation in increasing frequency - Answer-radiowave, microwave, infrared,
visible, ultraviolet, x-ray, gamma rays
/.gamma rays freq, wavelength, energy - Answer->10^19 Hz, <0.03nm, >40keV
/.x-rays freq, wavelength, energy - Answer-3e15 to 10^19 Hz, 0.03nm to 100nm, 12.4eV
to 40keV
/.ultraviolet freq, wavelength, energy - Answer-7.5e14 Hz to 1.67e15 Hz, 100nm to
400nm, 3.1eV to 6.9eV
/.visible freq, wavelength, energy - Answer-4.3e14 Hz to 7.5e14 Hz, 400nm to 700nm,
1.77eV to 3.1eV
/.infrared freq, wavelength, energy - Answer-3e11 Hz to 4.3e14 Hz, 700nm to 1mm,
0.00124eV to 1.77eV
/.microwave freq, wavelength, energy - Answer-300 MHz to 300 GHz, 1mm to 1m, 1e-6
eV to 1e-3 eV
