HOSA EMT EXAM STUDY QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS |VERIFIED SOLUTIONS PRE-
EVALUATED A+
definitive care - what the patient needs
Defibrillation - The administration of an electric shock to the heart of a patient who is
experiencing a high regular heartbeat, known as ventricular fibrillation
where should a patient be transported? - to the closest appropriate medical facility
scoop stretcher - hip fracture
Transport - A patient's condition requires care by medical professionals, but speed
getting the patient to a medical facility is not the most important factor
Prompt Transport - when a patient's condition is serious enough that the patient needs
to be taken to an appropriate medical facility in a very short period of time
Rapid Transport - when EMS personnel or unable to give the patient in adequate life-
saving care in the field
subjective - what they tell you
Objective - what you see
SOAP - Subjective
Objective
Assessment
Plan
CISD - critical incident stress debriefing
when must CISD occur? - within 24 to 72 hours of the event
,standard of care - what you do
scope of practice - what your allowed
what do you do when scene becomes unsafe? - 1. remain calm
2. call
3. wait
effects of alcohol - reduce stress BUT causes depression and dehydration
Who came up with the five stages of death and dying? - Dr. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross
what are the five stages of death and dying? - DABDA
1. denial
2. anger
3. bargaining
4. depression
5. acceptance
what are the three components of stress management? - 1. recognizing stress
2. preventing stress
3. reducing stress
universal precaution - treat everything as infectious
AIDS - acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
HIV - human immunodeficiency virus
communicable - Easily spread infections
pathogen - disease causing microorganisms
transmitted by contact with infected blood, semen, or vaginal secretions - 1. HIV
2. AIDS
3. Hepatitis B
4. Hepatitis C
staphylococcus infection - C-diff
MRSA
SARS - severe acute respiratory syndrome
,opportunistic infection - cant fight because immune system is shot
malaria - vector bourne
how is TB spread? - spread by droplets from the respiratory system
Ryan white law - emergency worker is exposed to HIV, his supervisor has 24 hours to
tell the emergency workers so they can take precautions
donning - gown, mask, google, glove
doffing - glove, goggles, gown, mask
where should you park your vehicle in emergency? - park your vehicle so that it protects
the area from traffic hazards
vector-bourne - animals
blood bourne - disease causing agents spread through blood -
hep B :direct contact with infected blood, can live outside body
- hep A : raw food
definitive death - 1. rigor mortis
2. dependent lividity
3. decapitation
4. decomposition
rigor mortis - Stiff, hardening of body
dependent lividity - light on top and dark on bottom
if there is a dog on scene what do you do? - ask someone to put the dog in another
room
in a vehicle accident, where should you put the keys? - on the roof
scope of practice - defined by the state and outlines care you can provide
- what you're allowed to do
- defined in protocols and standing orders
- authorized through online and offline direction
standard of care - how well you perform your skills
- can be held accountable for how well you do
, standing orders - protocol
duty to act - responsibility to provide patient care
- legal & ethical
- not legal duty to act when off duty but could be ethical
negligence - failure to provide that same care that a person with similar training would
provide
- didn't follow standard of care
4 things needed to prove negligence - 1. duty to act
2. breech of duty
3. damage
4. causation (you caused it)
breech of duty - failure to act within expected and reasonable standard of care
abandonment - termination of care without patient consent or without provisions for
continued care. Care can't stop unless someone equal or higher takes over
expressed consent - patients says yes to your help and what you're doing with any form
of communication
implied consent - patient is unconscious or incompetent and its legally implied they
would want help
types:
- minor consent (18 & under unless they're legally emancipated)
- patient mentally impaired
- pt under influence
- pt doesn't have the capacity to decide
minor consent - 18 & under unless they're legally emancipated
assault - unlawfully putting a person in fear of physical harm without consent
battery - unlawfully touching a person
the most basic law suits in EMS are due to - negligence
when can you do an emergency move? - when a pt is in danger
refusal of treatment - -must be mentally competent
- pt must be informed of risks/benefits of treatment and alternative
ANSWERS |VERIFIED SOLUTIONS PRE-
EVALUATED A+
definitive care - what the patient needs
Defibrillation - The administration of an electric shock to the heart of a patient who is
experiencing a high regular heartbeat, known as ventricular fibrillation
where should a patient be transported? - to the closest appropriate medical facility
scoop stretcher - hip fracture
Transport - A patient's condition requires care by medical professionals, but speed
getting the patient to a medical facility is not the most important factor
Prompt Transport - when a patient's condition is serious enough that the patient needs
to be taken to an appropriate medical facility in a very short period of time
Rapid Transport - when EMS personnel or unable to give the patient in adequate life-
saving care in the field
subjective - what they tell you
Objective - what you see
SOAP - Subjective
Objective
Assessment
Plan
CISD - critical incident stress debriefing
when must CISD occur? - within 24 to 72 hours of the event
,standard of care - what you do
scope of practice - what your allowed
what do you do when scene becomes unsafe? - 1. remain calm
2. call
3. wait
effects of alcohol - reduce stress BUT causes depression and dehydration
Who came up with the five stages of death and dying? - Dr. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross
what are the five stages of death and dying? - DABDA
1. denial
2. anger
3. bargaining
4. depression
5. acceptance
what are the three components of stress management? - 1. recognizing stress
2. preventing stress
3. reducing stress
universal precaution - treat everything as infectious
AIDS - acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
HIV - human immunodeficiency virus
communicable - Easily spread infections
pathogen - disease causing microorganisms
transmitted by contact with infected blood, semen, or vaginal secretions - 1. HIV
2. AIDS
3. Hepatitis B
4. Hepatitis C
staphylococcus infection - C-diff
MRSA
SARS - severe acute respiratory syndrome
,opportunistic infection - cant fight because immune system is shot
malaria - vector bourne
how is TB spread? - spread by droplets from the respiratory system
Ryan white law - emergency worker is exposed to HIV, his supervisor has 24 hours to
tell the emergency workers so they can take precautions
donning - gown, mask, google, glove
doffing - glove, goggles, gown, mask
where should you park your vehicle in emergency? - park your vehicle so that it protects
the area from traffic hazards
vector-bourne - animals
blood bourne - disease causing agents spread through blood -
hep B :direct contact with infected blood, can live outside body
- hep A : raw food
definitive death - 1. rigor mortis
2. dependent lividity
3. decapitation
4. decomposition
rigor mortis - Stiff, hardening of body
dependent lividity - light on top and dark on bottom
if there is a dog on scene what do you do? - ask someone to put the dog in another
room
in a vehicle accident, where should you put the keys? - on the roof
scope of practice - defined by the state and outlines care you can provide
- what you're allowed to do
- defined in protocols and standing orders
- authorized through online and offline direction
standard of care - how well you perform your skills
- can be held accountable for how well you do
, standing orders - protocol
duty to act - responsibility to provide patient care
- legal & ethical
- not legal duty to act when off duty but could be ethical
negligence - failure to provide that same care that a person with similar training would
provide
- didn't follow standard of care
4 things needed to prove negligence - 1. duty to act
2. breech of duty
3. damage
4. causation (you caused it)
breech of duty - failure to act within expected and reasonable standard of care
abandonment - termination of care without patient consent or without provisions for
continued care. Care can't stop unless someone equal or higher takes over
expressed consent - patients says yes to your help and what you're doing with any form
of communication
implied consent - patient is unconscious or incompetent and its legally implied they
would want help
types:
- minor consent (18 & under unless they're legally emancipated)
- patient mentally impaired
- pt under influence
- pt doesn't have the capacity to decide
minor consent - 18 & under unless they're legally emancipated
assault - unlawfully putting a person in fear of physical harm without consent
battery - unlawfully touching a person
the most basic law suits in EMS are due to - negligence
when can you do an emergency move? - when a pt is in danger
refusal of treatment - -must be mentally competent
- pt must be informed of risks/benefits of treatment and alternative
