3/15/2026 Test Bank For
Test
Essentials
Bank ForofEssentials
Nursing Research
of NursingAppraising
Research Evidence
Appraising
forEvidence
Nursing Practice
for Nursing
10th
Practice
Edition10th
(Polit,
Edition
2022),(Polit,
Chapter
2022),
1-18.pdf
Chapter 1-18.pdf
Essentials of Nursing Research Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 10th Edition Polit
CHAPTER # 1
1. Which of the following groups would be best served by the development of a scientific
base for nursing practice?
A) Nursing administrators
B) Practicing nurses
C) Nurses' clients
D) Health care policymakers
Ans: C
Feedback: Nursing research is systematic inquiry designed to develop trustworthy evidence
about issues of importance to nurses and their clients. Nurse leaders recognize the need to base
specific nursing decisions on evidence indicating that the decisions are clinically appropriate,
cost-effective, and result in positive client outcomes. Although all of the people listed would
benefit from the development of a scientific base for nursing practice, ultimately it is the clients
themselves who would most benefit, as they would then receive the most appropriate and most
effective care.
2. An especially important goal for the nursing profession is to do which of the following?
A) Conduct research to better understand the context of nursing practice
B) Establish a solid base of evidence for practice through disciplined research
C) Document the role nursing serves in society
Page | 1
Test Bank For Essentials
Test
of Nursing
Bank ForResearch
Essentials
Appraising
of Nursing
Evidence
Research
forPage
Appraising
Nursing
3 ofPractice
372
Evidence
10th
forEdition
Nursing(Polit,
Practice
2022),
10th
Chapter
Edition1-18.pdf
(Polit, 2022), Chapter 1-18.pdf
,3/15/2026 Test Bank For
Test
Essentials
Bank ForofEssentials
Nursing Research
of NursingAppraising
Research Evidence
Appraising
forEvidence
Nursing Practice
for Nursing
10th
Practice
Edition10th
(Polit,
Edition
2022),(Polit,
Chapter
2022),
1-18.pdf
Chapter 1-18.pdf
Essentials of Nursing Research Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 10th Edition Polit
D) Establish research priorities
Ans: B
Feedback: Nurses are increasingly expected to understand and undertake research and to base
their practice on evidence from research. Evidence-based practice is the use of the best evidence
in making patient care decisions and typically comes from research conducted by nurses and
other health-care professionals. All of the other answers are possible goals for the nursing
profession, but none is as important as establishing evidence for practice.
3. Which of the following is a fundamental belief of those who hold to the constructivist
paradigm?
A) A fixed reality exists in nature for humans to understand
B) The nature of reality has changed over time
C) Reality is multiply constructed and multiply interpreted by humans
D) Reality cannot be studied empirically
Ans: C
Feedback: In the constructivist paradigm, it is assumed that reality is not a fixed entity but is
rather a construction of human minds, and thus “truth” is a composite of multiple constructions
of reality. However, constructivists do believe that reality can be studied empirically. Belief in a
fixed reality that exists in nature for humans to understand would be an example of a positivist
belief, not a constructivist one. The constructivist belief does not hold so much that the nature of
reality has changed over time as that it has always been constructed by human minds.
Page | 2
Test Bank For Essentials
Test
of Nursing
Bank ForResearch
Essentials
Appraising
of Nursing
Evidence
Research
forPage
Appraising
Nursing
4 ofPractice
372
Evidence
10th
forEdition
Nursing(Polit,
Practice
2022),
10th
Chapter
Edition1-18.pdf
(Polit, 2022), Chapter 1-18.pdf
,3/15/2026 Test Bank For
Test
Essentials
Bank ForofEssentials
Nursing Research
of NursingAppraising
Research Evidence
Appraising
forEvidence
Nursing Practice
for Nursing
10th
Practice
Edition10th
(Polit,
Edition
2022),(Polit,
Chapter
2022),
1-18.pdf
Chapter 1-18.pdf
Essentials of Nursing Research Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 10th Edition Polit
4. Which of the following is a fundamental belief of those who hold to the positivist
paradigm?
A) The researcher is objective and independent of those being studied
B) The researcher cannot interact with those being studied
C) The researcher instructs those being studied to be objective in providing information
D) The distance between the researcher and those being researched is minimized to enhance the
interactive process
Ans: A
Feedback: In the positivist paradigm, it is assumed that there is an objective reality and that
natural phenomena are regular and orderly. In the constructivist paradigm, it is assumed that
reality is not a fixed entity but is rather a construction of human minds, and thus “truth” is a
composite of multiple constructions of reality.
5. Which of the following attributes is least characteristic of the traditional scientific
method?
A) Control over external factors
B) Systematic measurement and observation of natural phenomena
C) Testing of hunches deduced from theory or prior research
D) Emphasis on a holistic view of a phenomenon, studied in a rich context
Ans: D
Page | 3
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Test
of Nursing
Bank ForResearch
Essentials
Appraising
of Nursing
Evidence
Research
forPage
Appraising
Nursing
5 ofPractice
372
Evidence
10th
forEdition
Nursing(Polit,
Practice
2022),
10th
Chapter
Edition1-18.pdf
(Polit, 2022), Chapter 1-18.pdf
, 3/15/2026 Test Bank For
Test
Essentials
Bank ForofEssentials
Nursing Research
of NursingAppraising
Research Evidence
Appraising
forEvidence
Nursing Practice
for Nursing
10th
Practice
Edition10th
(Polit,
Edition
2022),(Polit,
Chapter
2022),
1-18.pdf
Chapter 1-18.pdf
Essentials of Nursing Research Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 10th Edition Polit
Feedback: Quantitative research (associated with positivism) involves the collection and
analysis of numeric information. Quantitative research is typically conducted within the
traditional scientific method, which is systematic and controlled. Quantitative researchers base
their findings on empirical evidence (evidence collected by way of the human senses) and strive
for generalizability beyond a single setting or situation. Constructivist researchers emphasize
understanding human experience as it is lived through the collection and analysis of subjective,
narrative materials using flexible procedures; this paradigm is associated with qualitative
research.
6. Empiricism refers to which of the following?
A) Making generalizations from specific observations
B) Articulating a study purpose in terms of an appropriate classification system
C) Gathering evidence about real-world phenomena through the senses
D) Verifying the assumptions on which the study was based
Ans: C
FEEDBACK: Empiricism is gathering and analyzing evidence through their senses.
Quantitative research involves the collection and analysis of numeric information. Quantitative
research is typically conducted within the traditional scientific method, which is systematic and
controlled. Quantitative researchers base their findings on empirical evidence and strive for
generalizability beyond a single setting or situation. Constructivist researchers emphasize
understanding human experience as it is lived through the collection and analysis of subjective,
narrative materials using flexible procedures; this paradigm is associated with qualitative
research.
Page | 4
Test Bank For Essentials
Test
of Nursing
Bank ForResearch
Essentials
Appraising
of Nursing
Evidence
Research
forPage
Appraising
Nursing
6 ofPractice
372
Evidence
10th
forEdition
Nursing(Polit,
Practice
2022),
10th
Chapter
Edition1-18.pdf
(Polit, 2022), Chapter 1-18.pdf
Test
Essentials
Bank ForofEssentials
Nursing Research
of NursingAppraising
Research Evidence
Appraising
forEvidence
Nursing Practice
for Nursing
10th
Practice
Edition10th
(Polit,
Edition
2022),(Polit,
Chapter
2022),
1-18.pdf
Chapter 1-18.pdf
Essentials of Nursing Research Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 10th Edition Polit
CHAPTER # 1
1. Which of the following groups would be best served by the development of a scientific
base for nursing practice?
A) Nursing administrators
B) Practicing nurses
C) Nurses' clients
D) Health care policymakers
Ans: C
Feedback: Nursing research is systematic inquiry designed to develop trustworthy evidence
about issues of importance to nurses and their clients. Nurse leaders recognize the need to base
specific nursing decisions on evidence indicating that the decisions are clinically appropriate,
cost-effective, and result in positive client outcomes. Although all of the people listed would
benefit from the development of a scientific base for nursing practice, ultimately it is the clients
themselves who would most benefit, as they would then receive the most appropriate and most
effective care.
2. An especially important goal for the nursing profession is to do which of the following?
A) Conduct research to better understand the context of nursing practice
B) Establish a solid base of evidence for practice through disciplined research
C) Document the role nursing serves in society
Page | 1
Test Bank For Essentials
Test
of Nursing
Bank ForResearch
Essentials
Appraising
of Nursing
Evidence
Research
forPage
Appraising
Nursing
3 ofPractice
372
Evidence
10th
forEdition
Nursing(Polit,
Practice
2022),
10th
Chapter
Edition1-18.pdf
(Polit, 2022), Chapter 1-18.pdf
,3/15/2026 Test Bank For
Test
Essentials
Bank ForofEssentials
Nursing Research
of NursingAppraising
Research Evidence
Appraising
forEvidence
Nursing Practice
for Nursing
10th
Practice
Edition10th
(Polit,
Edition
2022),(Polit,
Chapter
2022),
1-18.pdf
Chapter 1-18.pdf
Essentials of Nursing Research Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 10th Edition Polit
D) Establish research priorities
Ans: B
Feedback: Nurses are increasingly expected to understand and undertake research and to base
their practice on evidence from research. Evidence-based practice is the use of the best evidence
in making patient care decisions and typically comes from research conducted by nurses and
other health-care professionals. All of the other answers are possible goals for the nursing
profession, but none is as important as establishing evidence for practice.
3. Which of the following is a fundamental belief of those who hold to the constructivist
paradigm?
A) A fixed reality exists in nature for humans to understand
B) The nature of reality has changed over time
C) Reality is multiply constructed and multiply interpreted by humans
D) Reality cannot be studied empirically
Ans: C
Feedback: In the constructivist paradigm, it is assumed that reality is not a fixed entity but is
rather a construction of human minds, and thus “truth” is a composite of multiple constructions
of reality. However, constructivists do believe that reality can be studied empirically. Belief in a
fixed reality that exists in nature for humans to understand would be an example of a positivist
belief, not a constructivist one. The constructivist belief does not hold so much that the nature of
reality has changed over time as that it has always been constructed by human minds.
Page | 2
Test Bank For Essentials
Test
of Nursing
Bank ForResearch
Essentials
Appraising
of Nursing
Evidence
Research
forPage
Appraising
Nursing
4 ofPractice
372
Evidence
10th
forEdition
Nursing(Polit,
Practice
2022),
10th
Chapter
Edition1-18.pdf
(Polit, 2022), Chapter 1-18.pdf
,3/15/2026 Test Bank For
Test
Essentials
Bank ForofEssentials
Nursing Research
of NursingAppraising
Research Evidence
Appraising
forEvidence
Nursing Practice
for Nursing
10th
Practice
Edition10th
(Polit,
Edition
2022),(Polit,
Chapter
2022),
1-18.pdf
Chapter 1-18.pdf
Essentials of Nursing Research Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 10th Edition Polit
4. Which of the following is a fundamental belief of those who hold to the positivist
paradigm?
A) The researcher is objective and independent of those being studied
B) The researcher cannot interact with those being studied
C) The researcher instructs those being studied to be objective in providing information
D) The distance between the researcher and those being researched is minimized to enhance the
interactive process
Ans: A
Feedback: In the positivist paradigm, it is assumed that there is an objective reality and that
natural phenomena are regular and orderly. In the constructivist paradigm, it is assumed that
reality is not a fixed entity but is rather a construction of human minds, and thus “truth” is a
composite of multiple constructions of reality.
5. Which of the following attributes is least characteristic of the traditional scientific
method?
A) Control over external factors
B) Systematic measurement and observation of natural phenomena
C) Testing of hunches deduced from theory or prior research
D) Emphasis on a holistic view of a phenomenon, studied in a rich context
Ans: D
Page | 3
Test Bank For Essentials
Test
of Nursing
Bank ForResearch
Essentials
Appraising
of Nursing
Evidence
Research
forPage
Appraising
Nursing
5 ofPractice
372
Evidence
10th
forEdition
Nursing(Polit,
Practice
2022),
10th
Chapter
Edition1-18.pdf
(Polit, 2022), Chapter 1-18.pdf
, 3/15/2026 Test Bank For
Test
Essentials
Bank ForofEssentials
Nursing Research
of NursingAppraising
Research Evidence
Appraising
forEvidence
Nursing Practice
for Nursing
10th
Practice
Edition10th
(Polit,
Edition
2022),(Polit,
Chapter
2022),
1-18.pdf
Chapter 1-18.pdf
Essentials of Nursing Research Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 10th Edition Polit
Feedback: Quantitative research (associated with positivism) involves the collection and
analysis of numeric information. Quantitative research is typically conducted within the
traditional scientific method, which is systematic and controlled. Quantitative researchers base
their findings on empirical evidence (evidence collected by way of the human senses) and strive
for generalizability beyond a single setting or situation. Constructivist researchers emphasize
understanding human experience as it is lived through the collection and analysis of subjective,
narrative materials using flexible procedures; this paradigm is associated with qualitative
research.
6. Empiricism refers to which of the following?
A) Making generalizations from specific observations
B) Articulating a study purpose in terms of an appropriate classification system
C) Gathering evidence about real-world phenomena through the senses
D) Verifying the assumptions on which the study was based
Ans: C
FEEDBACK: Empiricism is gathering and analyzing evidence through their senses.
Quantitative research involves the collection and analysis of numeric information. Quantitative
research is typically conducted within the traditional scientific method, which is systematic and
controlled. Quantitative researchers base their findings on empirical evidence and strive for
generalizability beyond a single setting or situation. Constructivist researchers emphasize
understanding human experience as it is lived through the collection and analysis of subjective,
narrative materials using flexible procedures; this paradigm is associated with qualitative
research.
Page | 4
Test Bank For Essentials
Test
of Nursing
Bank ForResearch
Essentials
Appraising
of Nursing
Evidence
Research
forPage
Appraising
Nursing
6 ofPractice
372
Evidence
10th
forEdition
Nursing(Polit,
Practice
2022),
10th
Chapter
Edition1-18.pdf
(Polit, 2022), Chapter 1-18.pdf
