ry
Fundamentals of Nursing 9th Edition
Chapter 01: Nursing Today
Potter et al.: Fundamentals of Nursing, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
a. Florence Nightingale
b. Mary Nutting
c. Clara Barton
d. Lillian Wald
ANS: A
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected poor
sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald came after
Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary Nutting was
instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded the American Red
Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:5
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing
practices. TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
nursing practice is the nurse following?
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry
a. Assessmentry
ry ry
b. Diagnosisry
c. Planningry
ry ry
d. Implementationry
ANS: C ry ry
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attai
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
n expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive data perti
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
nent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse analyzes the a
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ryr y
ssessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, the registered nurse
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r
yimplements (carries out) the identified plan.
ry ry ry ry ry ry
DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:2 ry ry
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Planning
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
,MSC:Management of Care ry ry
3. An experienced medical-
ry ry
surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y the nurse upon initial tr
ry ry ry ry
ansition to the obstetrical floor? ry ry ry ry ry
a. Novicery
b. Proficientry
c. Competentry
d. Advancedrybeginnerry
ANS: A ry ry
A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level of
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r
yexperience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home health) i
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
s an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical situation as a wh
ryr y r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
ole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge gained from multiple
ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the organization and specific
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse i
ryr y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
sa ry ry
competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing care and establish long-
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
range goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanced beg
ry ry ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
inner. This experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identify meani
ry ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
ngful aspects or principles of nursing care.
ry ry ry r y ry ry ry
DIF:Apply (application)REF:2 ry ry
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Evaluation MSC:Manage
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
ment of Care ry ry ry
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluids
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
. The nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse demo
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
nstrating? ry
a. Licensurery
b. Autonomyry
c. Certificationry
d. Accountabilityry
ANS: B ry ry
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of independent
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
r nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United States, the RN c
y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
andidate must pass the NCLEX-RN®. Beyond the NCLEX-
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
RN®, the nurse may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Acc
ry ry ry ry ry ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
ountability means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of n
ry ry ry ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
ursing care provided. ry ry ry
,DIF:Apply (application)REF:3 ry
OBJ: Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation MSC:Ma
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
nagement of Care ry ry ry
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nur
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
se implementing?
r y ry
a. Educatorry
b. Managerry
c. Advocatery
d. Caregiverry
ANS: B ry ry
A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care and
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
r yhas personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility. As an
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine care acti
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ryr y r y
vities, demonstrate procedures such as self-
ry ry ry ry ry
care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and evaluate the patient’s progress in learni
ry ry ry ry ry ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry
ng. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human and legal rights and provide assistan
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry
ce in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help patients maintain and reg
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry
ain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain
ry ry a maximal level function and independen
ry ry ry ry ry ryr y r y ry ry ry ry ry
ce through the healing process.
ry ry ry ry ry
DIF:Apply (application)REF:4 ry ry
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation MSC:M
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
anagement of Care ry ry ry
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice n
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ryr y
urse. However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory development. To fulfill
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
this desire, which program should the nurse attend?
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
a. DoctorryofryNursingrySciencerydegreery(DNSc)ry
b. DoctorryofryPhilosophyrydegreery(PhD)ry
c. DoctorryofryNursingryPracticerydegreery(DNP)ry
d. DoctorryinrytheryScienceryofryNursingrydegreery(DSN)ry
ANS: B ry ry
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development and
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r
yaward the research- ry ry
oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs
ry ry in nursing (DSN
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ryr y ry ry
or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical nursing. The DNP is a practice
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y ry ry ry
doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse practitioners.
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
, DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:10 ry
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
TOP:Teaching/LearningMSC:Management of Care ry ry ry
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurs
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
es Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
a. Graduateryeducationry
b. Inserviceryeducationry
c. Continuingryeducationry
d. Registeredrynurseryeducationry
ANS: C ry ry
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities, ho
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
spitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and health
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r
y care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can pursue graduate ed
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
ucation leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fields, including nursi
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
ng. Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health care facility or in
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
stitution. Registered nurse education is the education preparation for an individual intending to be
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r
yan RN. ry ry
DIF:Apply (application)REF:10 ry ry
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
TOP:Teaching/LearningMSC:Management of Care ry ry ry
8. A nurse identifies gaps between local and best practices. Which Quality and Safety Education fo
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
r Nurses (QSEN) competency is the nurse demonstrating?
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
a. Safetyry
b. Patient-centeredrycare
c. Qualityryimprovementry
d. Teamworkryandrycollaboration
ANS: C ry ry
Quality improvement identifies gaps between local and best practices. Safety minimizes risk of har
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
m to patients and providers through both system effectiveness and individual performance. Patie
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
nt-
centered care recognizes the patient or designee as the source of control and full partner in p
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ryr y r y
roviding compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for patient’s preferences, values,
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r
y and needs. Teamwork and collaboration allows effective functioning within nursing and
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
Fundamentals of Nursing 9th Edition
Chapter 01: Nursing Today
Potter et al.: Fundamentals of Nursing, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
a. Florence Nightingale
b. Mary Nutting
c. Clara Barton
d. Lillian Wald
ANS: A
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected poor
sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald came after
Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary Nutting was
instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded the American Red
Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:5
OBJ: Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing
practices. TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
nursing practice is the nurse following?
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry
a. Assessmentry
ry ry
b. Diagnosisry
c. Planningry
ry ry
d. Implementationry
ANS: C ry ry
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attai
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
n expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive data perti
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
nent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse analyzes the a
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ryr y
ssessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, the registered nurse
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r
yimplements (carries out) the identified plan.
ry ry ry ry ry ry
DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:2 ry ry
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Planning
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
,MSC:Management of Care ry ry
3. An experienced medical-
ry ry
surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y the nurse upon initial tr
ry ry ry ry
ansition to the obstetrical floor? ry ry ry ry ry
a. Novicery
b. Proficientry
c. Competentry
d. Advancedrybeginnerry
ANS: A ry ry
A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level of
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r
yexperience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home health) i
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
s an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical situation as a wh
ryr y r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
ole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge gained from multiple
ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the organization and specific
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients). This nurse i
ryr y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
sa ry ry
competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing care and establish long-
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
range goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanced beg
ry ry ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
inner. This experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identify meani
ry ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
ngful aspects or principles of nursing care.
ry ry ry r y ry ry ry
DIF:Apply (application)REF:2 ry ry
OBJ: Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Evaluation MSC:Manage
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
ment of Care ry ry ry
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluids
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
. The nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse demo
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
nstrating? ry
a. Licensurery
b. Autonomyry
c. Certificationry
d. Accountabilityry
ANS: B ry ry
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of independent
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
r nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United States, the RN c
y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
andidate must pass the NCLEX-RN®. Beyond the NCLEX-
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
RN®, the nurse may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Acc
ry ry ry ry ry ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
ountability means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of n
ry ry ry ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
ursing care provided. ry ry ry
,DIF:Apply (application)REF:3 ry
OBJ: Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation MSC:Ma
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
nagement of Care ry ry ry
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nur
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
se implementing?
r y ry
a. Educatorry
b. Managerry
c. Advocatery
d. Caregiverry
ANS: B ry ry
A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care and
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
r yhas personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or facility. As an
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine care acti
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ryr y r y
vities, demonstrate procedures such as self-
ry ry ry ry ry
care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and evaluate the patient’s progress in learni
ry ry ry ry ry ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry
ng. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human and legal rights and provide assistan
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry
ce in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help patients maintain and reg
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y ry ry ry ry ry ry
ain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain
ry ry a maximal level function and independen
ry ry ry ry ry ryr y r y ry ry ry ry ry
ce through the healing process.
ry ry ry ry ry
DIF:Apply (application)REF:4 ry ry
OBJ: Describe the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation MSC:M
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
anagement of Care ry ry ry
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practice n
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ryr y
urse. However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory development. To fulfill
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
this desire, which program should the nurse attend?
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
a. DoctorryofryNursingrySciencerydegreery(DNSc)ry
b. DoctorryofryPhilosophyrydegreery(PhD)ry
c. DoctorryofryNursingryPracticerydegreery(DNP)ry
d. DoctorryinrytheryScienceryofryNursingrydegreery(DSN)ry
ANS: B ry ry
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development and
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r
yaward the research- ry ry
oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs
ry ry in nursing (DSN
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ryr y ry ry
or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical nursing. The DNP is a practice
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y ry ry ry
doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse practitioners.
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
, DIF:Understand (comprehension)REF:10 ry
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
TOP:Teaching/LearningMSC:Management of Care ry ry ry
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurs
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
es Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
a. Graduateryeducationry
b. Inserviceryeducationry
c. Continuingryeducationry
d. Registeredrynurseryeducationry
ANS: C ry ry
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities, ho
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
spitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and health
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r
y care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can pursue graduate ed
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
ucation leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fields, including nursi
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
ng. Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by a health care facility or in
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
stitution. Registered nurse education is the education preparation for an individual intending to be
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r
yan RN. ry ry
DIF:Apply (application)REF:10 ry ry
OBJ: Describe educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN) education.
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r y
TOP:Teaching/LearningMSC:Management of Care ry ry ry
8. A nurse identifies gaps between local and best practices. Which Quality and Safety Education fo
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
r Nurses (QSEN) competency is the nurse demonstrating?
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
a. Safetyry
b. Patient-centeredrycare
c. Qualityryimprovementry
d. Teamworkryandrycollaboration
ANS: C ry ry
Quality improvement identifies gaps between local and best practices. Safety minimizes risk of har
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
m to patients and providers through both system effectiveness and individual performance. Patie
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
nt-
centered care recognizes the patient or designee as the source of control and full partner in p
r y ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ryr y r y
roviding compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for patient’s preferences, values,
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry r
y and needs. Teamwork and collaboration allows effective functioning within nursing and
ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry ry
