1
,INHOUD
College 22: Spierstelsel ........................................................................................................................6
Soorten, functies, bewegingen & contracties .....................................................................................6
Bewegingsvlakken ............................................................................................................................6
Structuur skeletspier ........................................................................................................................7
Aansturing spieren ...........................................................................................................................8
Energie voor spieren: ATP ..................................................................................................................9
Aerobe ATP productie: ...................................................................................................................9
Anaeroob lactische ATP productie: .............................................................................................. 10
Anaeroob alactische ATP productie (er ontstaat geen lactaat): ...................................................... 10
Spiervezeltype: ........................................................................................................................... 10
Hart- & glad spierweefsel ................................................................................................................ 10
Hartspierweefsel (onwillekeurig) .................................................................................................. 10
Glad spierweefsel ....................................................................................................................... 11
Vergelijking van skelet-, hart- en gladspierweefsel ........................................................................ 11
Anatomie grote spiergroepen .......................................................................................................... 12
Nek ............................................................................................................................................ 12
Buik ........................................................................................................................................... 12
Rug ............................................................................................................................................ 12
Arm ............................................................................................................................................ 13
Been .......................................................................................................................................... 14
College 23: Bewegingsstoornissen ...................................................................................................... 16
Ziekte van Huntington ..................................................................................................................... 16
Spierdystrofie van duchenne ........................................................................................................... 17
Symptoom van Gowers ............................................................................................................... 18
Spierdystrofie van Becker ............................................................................................................... 18
Aandoeningen van de neuromusculaire overgang ............................................................................. 19
College 25: Pijn en revalidatie ............................................................................................................. 20
Nocicepteive pijn ........................................................................................................................... 20
Neuropatische pijn ......................................................................................................................... 20
Snelle en trage pijn ......................................................................................................................... 20
Pijnbanen ...................................................................................................................................... 21
Behandeling van pijn volgens de WHO ladder: .................................................................................. 22
Type medicatie ............................................................................................................................... 22
Behandeling van chronische pijn: .................................................................................................... 22
Corrigerende therapie: .................................................................................................................... 23
2
, Intrathecale pijnbestrijding ............................................................................................................. 23
Pijninstrumenten ............................................................................................................................ 23
De revalidatie van de patiënt met chronische pijn ............................................................................. 24
Dwarslaesie: .................................................................................................................................. 26
CVA (cerebro vascualair accident) ................................................................................................... 27
Stroke unit: afdeling gespecialieerd in zorg na een CVA ..................................................................... 27
NIHSS: National Institues of Healt of Stroke Scale ........................................................................ 28
Aangedane functies: ....................................................................................................................... 28
Fysiotherapeut ........................................................................................................................... 29
Ergotherapeut ............................................................................................................................. 30
College 27 & 28: verslaving en persoonlijkheidsstoornissen ................................................................. 31
Verslaving ...................................................................................................................................... 31
Verslaving in de hersenen ............................................................................................................ 32
Syndroom van Wernicke .............................................................................................................. 35
Syndroom van Korsakov .............................................................................................................. 35
(Stille) verslaving bij ouderen ....................................................................................................... 36
Persoonlijkheidsstoornissen ........................................................................................................... 36
Behandeling: .............................................................................................................................. 38
College 30: hematologie ..................................................................................................................... 39
Lymfestelsel .................................................................................................................................. 39
Lymfeklieren .................................................................................................................................. 40
Thymus .......................................................................................................................................... 40
Milt ................................................................................................................................................ 41
MALT ............................................................................................................................................. 42
Lymfopoëse ................................................................................................................................... 42
Immunologie .................................................................................................................................. 43
Neutrofielen: .............................................................................................................................. 43
Eosinofiel: .................................................................................................................................. 44
Basofielen: ................................................................................................................................. 44
Mestcellen: speciale vorm van basofiel ........................................................................................ 44
Lymfocyten: ............................................................................................................................... 44
Monocyten: ................................................................................................................................ 45
Macrofagen ................................................................................................................................ 45
Afweermechanismen...................................................................................................................... 45
Specifieke afweer of immuniteit (wordt in deel 2 behandeld) ......................................................... 45
Niet-specifieke afweer of immuniteit ............................................................................................ 45
Niet specifieke immuniteit .............................................................................................................. 45
3
, College 31: microbiologie en infectiepreventie .................................................................................... 49
Bacteriën ....................................................................................................................................... 49
Staphylococcus Aureus .............................................................................................................. 51
Postoperatieve wondinfecties ..................................................................................................... 52
Virussen ........................................................................................................................................ 52
Griep of influenza ........................................................................................................................ 53
Schimmels..................................................................................................................................... 53
Antibiotica : ................................................................................................................................ 53
Infectiepreventie ............................................................................................................................ 54
College 33: zenuwstelsel en neurologie ............................................................................................... 55
Celorganisatie in de hersenen: .................................................................................................... 55
Anatomie van het neuron............................................................................................................. 56
Verschillende neuronen: ............................................................................................................. 56
Hersenen: onderdelen van het CZS ................................................................................................. 58
Cerebrum ................................................................................................................................... 58
Spraakcentrum ........................................................................................................................... 60
Prefrontale cortex: ...................................................................................................................... 60
Basale kernen ............................................................................................................................. 61
Diencephalon (tussenhersnen) ....................................................................................................... 61
Epithalamus: .............................................................................................................................. 61
Thalamus: .................................................................................................................................. 61
Hypothalamus: ........................................................................................................................... 62
Hersenstam: .................................................................................................................................. 62
Middenhersenen (mesencephalon): ............................................................................................. 62
Pons: ......................................................................................................................................... 62
Medulla oblongata of verlengde ruggenmerg ................................................................................ 62
Cerebellum (kleine hersenen) ......................................................................................................... 63
Lymbsich systeem ...................................................................................................................... 63
College 34: aandoeningen van het CZS ............................................................................................... 64
Multiple sclerose (MS) .................................................................................................................... 64
Beloopsvormen .......................................................................................................................... 65
Klachten: .................................................................................................................................... 65
Diagnose .................................................................................................................................... 65
Ziekte van Parkinson ....................................................................................................................... 66
Kernsymptomen: ............................................................................................................................ 66
Kliniek............................................................................................................................................ 67
Behandeling ................................................................................................................................... 67
4
,INHOUD
College 22: Spierstelsel ........................................................................................................................6
Soorten, functies, bewegingen & contracties .....................................................................................6
Bewegingsvlakken ............................................................................................................................6
Structuur skeletspier ........................................................................................................................7
Aansturing spieren ...........................................................................................................................8
Energie voor spieren: ATP ..................................................................................................................9
Aerobe ATP productie: ...................................................................................................................9
Anaeroob lactische ATP productie: .............................................................................................. 10
Anaeroob alactische ATP productie (er ontstaat geen lactaat): ...................................................... 10
Spiervezeltype: ........................................................................................................................... 10
Hart- & glad spierweefsel ................................................................................................................ 10
Hartspierweefsel (onwillekeurig) .................................................................................................. 10
Glad spierweefsel ....................................................................................................................... 11
Vergelijking van skelet-, hart- en gladspierweefsel ........................................................................ 11
Anatomie grote spiergroepen .......................................................................................................... 12
Nek ............................................................................................................................................ 12
Buik ........................................................................................................................................... 12
Rug ............................................................................................................................................ 12
Arm ............................................................................................................................................ 13
Been .......................................................................................................................................... 14
College 23: Bewegingsstoornissen ...................................................................................................... 16
Ziekte van Huntington ..................................................................................................................... 16
Spierdystrofie van duchenne ........................................................................................................... 17
Symptoom van Gowers ............................................................................................................... 18
Spierdystrofie van Becker ............................................................................................................... 18
Aandoeningen van de neuromusculaire overgang ............................................................................. 19
College 25: Pijn en revalidatie ............................................................................................................. 20
Nocicepteive pijn ........................................................................................................................... 20
Neuropatische pijn ......................................................................................................................... 20
Snelle en trage pijn ......................................................................................................................... 20
Pijnbanen ...................................................................................................................................... 21
Behandeling van pijn volgens de WHO ladder: .................................................................................. 22
Type medicatie ............................................................................................................................... 22
Behandeling van chronische pijn: .................................................................................................... 22
Corrigerende therapie: .................................................................................................................... 23
2
, Intrathecale pijnbestrijding ............................................................................................................. 23
Pijninstrumenten ............................................................................................................................ 23
De revalidatie van de patiënt met chronische pijn ............................................................................. 24
Dwarslaesie: .................................................................................................................................. 26
CVA (cerebro vascualair accident) ................................................................................................... 27
Stroke unit: afdeling gespecialieerd in zorg na een CVA ..................................................................... 27
NIHSS: National Institues of Healt of Stroke Scale ........................................................................ 28
Aangedane functies: ....................................................................................................................... 28
Fysiotherapeut ........................................................................................................................... 29
Ergotherapeut ............................................................................................................................. 30
College 27 & 28: verslaving en persoonlijkheidsstoornissen ................................................................. 31
Verslaving ...................................................................................................................................... 31
Verslaving in de hersenen ............................................................................................................ 32
Syndroom van Wernicke .............................................................................................................. 35
Syndroom van Korsakov .............................................................................................................. 35
(Stille) verslaving bij ouderen ....................................................................................................... 36
Persoonlijkheidsstoornissen ........................................................................................................... 36
Behandeling: .............................................................................................................................. 38
College 30: hematologie ..................................................................................................................... 39
Lymfestelsel .................................................................................................................................. 39
Lymfeklieren .................................................................................................................................. 40
Thymus .......................................................................................................................................... 40
Milt ................................................................................................................................................ 41
MALT ............................................................................................................................................. 42
Lymfopoëse ................................................................................................................................... 42
Immunologie .................................................................................................................................. 43
Neutrofielen: .............................................................................................................................. 43
Eosinofiel: .................................................................................................................................. 44
Basofielen: ................................................................................................................................. 44
Mestcellen: speciale vorm van basofiel ........................................................................................ 44
Lymfocyten: ............................................................................................................................... 44
Monocyten: ................................................................................................................................ 45
Macrofagen ................................................................................................................................ 45
Afweermechanismen...................................................................................................................... 45
Specifieke afweer of immuniteit (wordt in deel 2 behandeld) ......................................................... 45
Niet-specifieke afweer of immuniteit ............................................................................................ 45
Niet specifieke immuniteit .............................................................................................................. 45
3
, College 31: microbiologie en infectiepreventie .................................................................................... 49
Bacteriën ....................................................................................................................................... 49
Staphylococcus Aureus .............................................................................................................. 51
Postoperatieve wondinfecties ..................................................................................................... 52
Virussen ........................................................................................................................................ 52
Griep of influenza ........................................................................................................................ 53
Schimmels..................................................................................................................................... 53
Antibiotica : ................................................................................................................................ 53
Infectiepreventie ............................................................................................................................ 54
College 33: zenuwstelsel en neurologie ............................................................................................... 55
Celorganisatie in de hersenen: .................................................................................................... 55
Anatomie van het neuron............................................................................................................. 56
Verschillende neuronen: ............................................................................................................. 56
Hersenen: onderdelen van het CZS ................................................................................................. 58
Cerebrum ................................................................................................................................... 58
Spraakcentrum ........................................................................................................................... 60
Prefrontale cortex: ...................................................................................................................... 60
Basale kernen ............................................................................................................................. 61
Diencephalon (tussenhersnen) ....................................................................................................... 61
Epithalamus: .............................................................................................................................. 61
Thalamus: .................................................................................................................................. 61
Hypothalamus: ........................................................................................................................... 62
Hersenstam: .................................................................................................................................. 62
Middenhersenen (mesencephalon): ............................................................................................. 62
Pons: ......................................................................................................................................... 62
Medulla oblongata of verlengde ruggenmerg ................................................................................ 62
Cerebellum (kleine hersenen) ......................................................................................................... 63
Lymbsich systeem ...................................................................................................................... 63
College 34: aandoeningen van het CZS ............................................................................................... 64
Multiple sclerose (MS) .................................................................................................................... 64
Beloopsvormen .......................................................................................................................... 65
Klachten: .................................................................................................................................... 65
Diagnose .................................................................................................................................... 65
Ziekte van Parkinson ....................................................................................................................... 66
Kernsymptomen: ............................................................................................................................ 66
Kliniek............................................................................................................................................ 67
Behandeling ................................................................................................................................... 67
4
