ESOL GACE Exam Questions and Answers (Updated)
Sociolinguistics - Answer-The study of how social conditions influence the use of
language
/.Code Switching - Answer-Interspersing one language with another
/.Dialect - Answer-Complete system of verbal communication (oral or signed, not
written) with its own pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar; often associated with
regions or social groups
/.Pragmatics - Answer-The study of how the context impacts the interpretation of
language
/.Phonology - Answer-The way in which speech sounds form patterns
/.Phonemes - Answer-The smallest unit of sound that affects meaning
/.Phonographemics - Answer-Study of letters and letter combinations
/.Homonyms - Answer-General term for word forms that have two or more meanings
/.Homophones - Answer-Two words with the same pronunciation, but different meaning
and spelling (wood/would, cite/sight)
/.Homographs - Answer-Two words with the same spelling or pronunciation, but
different meanings (stalk-to follow, stalk-part of a plant)
/.Heteronyms - Answer-Two words that have the same spelling, but different
pronunciation and meanings (Polish, polish)
/.Morphology - Answer-How the words of a language are formed to create meaningful
messages
/.Morpheme - Answer-Smallest unit of a language system that has meaning
/.Syntax - Answer-Order words are arranged to create meaning
/.Standardizer - Answer-One who successfully integrates new knowledge
/.Simplifier - Answer-Reverts to syntactical rules of earlier stages (requires a reteach)
/.Semantics - Answer-The meaning of words
, /.Discourse - Answer-linguistic components of several sentences
/.BICS - Answer-Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills
/.CALP - Answer-Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency
/.CUP - Answer-Common Underlying Proficiency (skills that can transfer from L1 to
English learning
/.LAD - Answer-Language Acquisition Device
/.Chomsky - Answer-Language Acquisition Device
/.Language Acquisition Device - Answer-innate, nature, experience using language
activates
/.Behaviorist Theory - Answer-Children learn by being rewarded
/.Piaget - Answer-Cognitive Constructivism
/.Cognitive Constructivism - Answer-Language as reflection of thought, does not
contribute to development of thinking, cognitive thinking precedes language
development
/.Vygotsky - Answer-Social Constructivism and Language
/.Social Constructivism and Language - Answer-Language first as social
communication, promotes language and cognition
/.Intentionality - Answer-Language part of holistic development, depends on
environment
/.Error analysis - Answer-Recognizing patterns of error
/.Interlanguage - Answer-Universal aspects of target language
/.Development patterns - Answer-The order in which features of a language are
acquired and sequenced
/.The Acquisition/Learning Hypothesis - Answer-Difference between acquisition and
learning (coursework, study, memorization)
/.The Monitor Hypothesis - Answer-Learned language monitors the acquired
/.The Natural Order Hypothesis - Answer-Grammar structures are logical and follow a
natural order
Sociolinguistics - Answer-The study of how social conditions influence the use of
language
/.Code Switching - Answer-Interspersing one language with another
/.Dialect - Answer-Complete system of verbal communication (oral or signed, not
written) with its own pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar; often associated with
regions or social groups
/.Pragmatics - Answer-The study of how the context impacts the interpretation of
language
/.Phonology - Answer-The way in which speech sounds form patterns
/.Phonemes - Answer-The smallest unit of sound that affects meaning
/.Phonographemics - Answer-Study of letters and letter combinations
/.Homonyms - Answer-General term for word forms that have two or more meanings
/.Homophones - Answer-Two words with the same pronunciation, but different meaning
and spelling (wood/would, cite/sight)
/.Homographs - Answer-Two words with the same spelling or pronunciation, but
different meanings (stalk-to follow, stalk-part of a plant)
/.Heteronyms - Answer-Two words that have the same spelling, but different
pronunciation and meanings (Polish, polish)
/.Morphology - Answer-How the words of a language are formed to create meaningful
messages
/.Morpheme - Answer-Smallest unit of a language system that has meaning
/.Syntax - Answer-Order words are arranged to create meaning
/.Standardizer - Answer-One who successfully integrates new knowledge
/.Simplifier - Answer-Reverts to syntactical rules of earlier stages (requires a reteach)
/.Semantics - Answer-The meaning of words
, /.Discourse - Answer-linguistic components of several sentences
/.BICS - Answer-Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills
/.CALP - Answer-Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency
/.CUP - Answer-Common Underlying Proficiency (skills that can transfer from L1 to
English learning
/.LAD - Answer-Language Acquisition Device
/.Chomsky - Answer-Language Acquisition Device
/.Language Acquisition Device - Answer-innate, nature, experience using language
activates
/.Behaviorist Theory - Answer-Children learn by being rewarded
/.Piaget - Answer-Cognitive Constructivism
/.Cognitive Constructivism - Answer-Language as reflection of thought, does not
contribute to development of thinking, cognitive thinking precedes language
development
/.Vygotsky - Answer-Social Constructivism and Language
/.Social Constructivism and Language - Answer-Language first as social
communication, promotes language and cognition
/.Intentionality - Answer-Language part of holistic development, depends on
environment
/.Error analysis - Answer-Recognizing patterns of error
/.Interlanguage - Answer-Universal aspects of target language
/.Development patterns - Answer-The order in which features of a language are
acquired and sequenced
/.The Acquisition/Learning Hypothesis - Answer-Difference between acquisition and
learning (coursework, study, memorization)
/.The Monitor Hypothesis - Answer-Learned language monitors the acquired
/.The Natural Order Hypothesis - Answer-Grammar structures are logical and follow a
natural order
