PATHO PA AND COURSE QUIZZES:
2025/2026, EXAM WITH
CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS
An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is examining an
adult patient for knee painthat increases when climbing stairs or
running. The pain decreases with rest, applicationof local heat,
and regular use of ibuprofen. The APRN notes tenderness and
inflammationsurrounding the knee, but there is no obvious knee
deformity. Radiologic evaluation isunremarkable.
Which diagnosis should the APRN make for this patient?
A. Bursitis
B. Paget disease
C. Osteoporosis
D. Fibrosarcoma - CORRECT ANSWERS- A. Bursitis
Trauma and overuse injuries can result in inflammation of the
bursalsac. The pathophysiology of bursitis is an inflammation that
is reactive tooveruse or excessive pressure. The inflammation
may decrease with rest, heat,and aspiration of the fluid.
An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is consulting with a
teen patient who has recently learned that she is
,pregnant. The APRN knows that a certain medication taken by the
patient can contribute to the development of
congenital malformations in the fetus. The APRN reviews the
patient's current medication list and finds one
medication that is a concern.
Which medication is the APRN concerned about?
Retinoic acid
Clindamycin
Benzoyl peroxide
Bisphenol A - CORRECT ANSWERS- Retinoic acid
A patient is seen by an advanced practice registered nurse
(APRN) for chronic venousinsufficiency. The patient has a leg
wound that is red, warm, swollen, draining, andpainful.
Which treatment should the APRN provide for this patient?
A. Antivirals
B. Anticoagulants
C. Antibiotics
D. Antihistamines - CORRECT ANSWERS- C. Antibiotics
Cellulitis is an infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue
thatcauses redness, warmth, edema, and pain. Initial treatment is
with systemicantibiotics. Bacterial cellulitis is a common
complication of chronic venousdisease (CVD) when dermatitis or
open ulcers are present. The treatment isantibiotics.
,Following a motor vehicle accident, a child presents to an
emergency department with asuspected greenstick fracture of
the tibia. An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN)orders X-
rays.
Which problem will the APRN expect to observe on the X-ray of
this patient's tibia?
A. A break line perpendicular to the long axis of the bone
B. A separation of the joint surface from the main bone shaft
C. A bone fragment connected to a ligament that has broken off
from a largerbone
D. A splintering of the inner bone surface with a break on one
cortex of thebone - CORRECT ANSWERS- D. A splintering of the
inner bone surface with a break on one cortex of thebone
A greenstick fracture is a partial thickness fracture where only
thecortex and periosteum are interrupted on one side of the bone
but remainuninterrupted on the other, usually happening in long
bones.
A patient presents with pain and swelling in the left knee. The
pain was initiallyintermittent but has progressed and is now
continuous and worse at night. Laboratorytesting shows a
significant elevation in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels.
The computed tomography (CT) scan shows that the compact
bone is replaced with densecallus of masses of osteoid.
Which form of cancer should an advanced practice registered
nurse (APRN) suspect?
A. Giant cell
, B. Chondrosarcoma
C. Fibrosarcoma
D. Osteosarcoma - CORRECT ANSWERS- D. Osteosarcoma
This describes osteosarcoma. Pain in the affected bone
(usuallyaround the knee or in the upper arm) is the most common
symptom ofosteosarcoma. At first, the pain might not be constant
and might be worse atnight. The pain often increases with activity
and might result in a limp if thetumor is in a leg bone.
An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is caring for an
older adult patientdiagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD). The APRN is concernedabout the patient's
increased risk for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)
andrecommends the pneumococcal vaccination.
Which etiologic microorganism will this vaccine protect against?
A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
B. Haemophilus influenzae
C. Staphylococcus aureus
D. Klebsiella pneumoniae - CORRECT ANSWERS- A. Streptococcus
pneumoniae
The pneumococcal vaccination protects against
Streptococcuspneumoniae
, which is a community-acquired pneumonia.
2025/2026, EXAM WITH
CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS
An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is examining an
adult patient for knee painthat increases when climbing stairs or
running. The pain decreases with rest, applicationof local heat,
and regular use of ibuprofen. The APRN notes tenderness and
inflammationsurrounding the knee, but there is no obvious knee
deformity. Radiologic evaluation isunremarkable.
Which diagnosis should the APRN make for this patient?
A. Bursitis
B. Paget disease
C. Osteoporosis
D. Fibrosarcoma - CORRECT ANSWERS- A. Bursitis
Trauma and overuse injuries can result in inflammation of the
bursalsac. The pathophysiology of bursitis is an inflammation that
is reactive tooveruse or excessive pressure. The inflammation
may decrease with rest, heat,and aspiration of the fluid.
An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is consulting with a
teen patient who has recently learned that she is
,pregnant. The APRN knows that a certain medication taken by the
patient can contribute to the development of
congenital malformations in the fetus. The APRN reviews the
patient's current medication list and finds one
medication that is a concern.
Which medication is the APRN concerned about?
Retinoic acid
Clindamycin
Benzoyl peroxide
Bisphenol A - CORRECT ANSWERS- Retinoic acid
A patient is seen by an advanced practice registered nurse
(APRN) for chronic venousinsufficiency. The patient has a leg
wound that is red, warm, swollen, draining, andpainful.
Which treatment should the APRN provide for this patient?
A. Antivirals
B. Anticoagulants
C. Antibiotics
D. Antihistamines - CORRECT ANSWERS- C. Antibiotics
Cellulitis is an infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue
thatcauses redness, warmth, edema, and pain. Initial treatment is
with systemicantibiotics. Bacterial cellulitis is a common
complication of chronic venousdisease (CVD) when dermatitis or
open ulcers are present. The treatment isantibiotics.
,Following a motor vehicle accident, a child presents to an
emergency department with asuspected greenstick fracture of
the tibia. An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN)orders X-
rays.
Which problem will the APRN expect to observe on the X-ray of
this patient's tibia?
A. A break line perpendicular to the long axis of the bone
B. A separation of the joint surface from the main bone shaft
C. A bone fragment connected to a ligament that has broken off
from a largerbone
D. A splintering of the inner bone surface with a break on one
cortex of thebone - CORRECT ANSWERS- D. A splintering of the
inner bone surface with a break on one cortex of thebone
A greenstick fracture is a partial thickness fracture where only
thecortex and periosteum are interrupted on one side of the bone
but remainuninterrupted on the other, usually happening in long
bones.
A patient presents with pain and swelling in the left knee. The
pain was initiallyintermittent but has progressed and is now
continuous and worse at night. Laboratorytesting shows a
significant elevation in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels.
The computed tomography (CT) scan shows that the compact
bone is replaced with densecallus of masses of osteoid.
Which form of cancer should an advanced practice registered
nurse (APRN) suspect?
A. Giant cell
, B. Chondrosarcoma
C. Fibrosarcoma
D. Osteosarcoma - CORRECT ANSWERS- D. Osteosarcoma
This describes osteosarcoma. Pain in the affected bone
(usuallyaround the knee or in the upper arm) is the most common
symptom ofosteosarcoma. At first, the pain might not be constant
and might be worse atnight. The pain often increases with activity
and might result in a limp if thetumor is in a leg bone.
An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is caring for an
older adult patientdiagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD). The APRN is concernedabout the patient's
increased risk for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)
andrecommends the pneumococcal vaccination.
Which etiologic microorganism will this vaccine protect against?
A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
B. Haemophilus influenzae
C. Staphylococcus aureus
D. Klebsiella pneumoniae - CORRECT ANSWERS- A. Streptococcus
pneumoniae
The pneumococcal vaccination protects against
Streptococcuspneumoniae
, which is a community-acquired pneumonia.
