Answers
Torberlegallyrbinding,rcontractsrmust:
r•rContainranragreementrbetweenrallrpartiesr
•rInvolverpartiesrwithrtherlegalrcapacityrtorcontract
r•rContainrmutualrassentr
•rInvolverconsiderationr
•rHaverarlegalrpurpose
r•rBerinrtherformrprescribedrbyrlawr-r.Whatrarertherelementsrofrarlegallyrbindingrcontract?
Inrbilateralrcontracts,reachrpartyrpromisesrtorperformranractrinrexchangerforrtheractrofrtherot
herrparty.rInrarunilateralrcontract,ronerpartyrpromisesrtorpayrforranractrofrtherotherrparty.rIfrth
eractrisn'trperformed,rnorpaymentrisrrequiredr-
rWhatrarerthersimilaritiesrandrdifferencesrbetweenrbilateralrandrunilateralrcontracts?
Arvoidablercontractrisrarvalidrcontractrthatrcanrcontinuerinrforce,randrtherpartiesrcanrexecut
eritrcompletelyrunlessranrinnocentrorrinjuredrpartyrchoosesrtoravoidrit.rTherbehaviorrofronero
frthercontractingrparties,rsuchrasranractrofrfraudrorrillegalrdeceit,rcanralsormakerarcontractrv
oidable.rArvoidrcontractrisranragreementrthatrneverrmetrthernecessaryrcriteriartorberconside
redrarcontractr-
rWhatrarerthersimilaritiesrandrdifferencesrbetweenrvoidablerandrvoidrcontracts?
Ifrfraudrisrproved,rtherplaintiffrcanrseekronerofrtworremedies:r•r
Rescission—
Ifrthercourtrrescindsrthercontract,rtherplaintiffrhasrnorfurtherrdutiesrunderritrandrisrentitledrtorr
eimbursementrofrallrpaymentsrmadertortherdefendant.rTherplaintiffralsormustrreturnranythin
grofrvaluerreceivedrunderrthercontract.rThercourt'srgoalrisrtorrestorertherpartiesrtortherconditi
onrtheyrwererinrbeforertheyrenteredrthercontract.r
•rSuerforrdamages—
Ifrrescissionrwouldn'trmakertherplaintiffrwhole,rtherplaintiffrcanrsuerforrdamagesrinrartortracti
on.rTherplaintiffrcanrseekrcompensatoryrdamagesrforrquantifiablerharmrandrpunitiverdama
gesrtorfurtherrpunishrtherdefendantrandrdeterrfuture,rsimilarrfraudulentractions.rTherplaintiffr
mustrprovertherextentrofrtherlossrtorreceiverdamages.r-
rWhatrarerthertworremediesravailablertortherplaintiff rifrfraudrisrprovedrinrargivenrcase?
Torestablishrthatrfraudulentrconcealmentroccurred,rtherinsurerrmustrprovertworthings:r
•rTherinsuredrknewrthatrtherfactrconcealedrwasrmaterial.r
•rTherinsuredrconcealedrtherfactrwithrtherintentrtordefraud.r-
rWhatrarertworthingsrtherinsurerrmustrprovertorestablishrthatrfraudulentrconcealmentroccurr
ed?
, Arunilateralrmistakerisrmaderbyronerpartyrtorarcontract.rBilateralrmistakesroccurrwhenrbothr
partiesrtorarcontractrmakerthersamermistakerinvolvingrarmaterialrfact.r-
rWhatrisrtherdifferencerbetweenrunilateralrandrbilateralrmistakesrinrarcontract?
Arpersonrwhorreliesronrarmisrepresentedrmaterialrfactrcanrlaterravoidrarresultingrcontractrb
ecauserherorrsherdidn'trachievermutualrassentr-
rOnrwhatrgroundsrcanrarpersonrwhorhasrreasonablyrreliedronranrinnocentlyrmisrepresente
drmaterialrfactrlaterravoidrarcontract?
Therparolrevidencerrulerservesrthreerpurposes:
r•rCarryroutrtherparties'rpresumedrintention.
r•rAchievercertaintyrandrfinalityrasrtortherparties'rrightsrandrduties
.r•rExcluderfraudulentrandrperjuredrclaimsr-rWhatrisrtherpurposerofrtherparolrevidencerrule?
Courtsruserwell-
acceptedrinterpretationrguidelinesrtorresolverdoubtsrandrambiguitiesrinranrexistingrcontract
.rTheserguidelinesrarernotrstrictrlegalrrules,randrtheyraren'trdesignedrtorcreaterarnewrcontra
ctrorrrewriteranroldroner-
rHowrdorcourtsrresolverdoubtsrandrambiguitiesrinrtherlanguagerofrarcontract?
Contractsrcanrbercharacterizedrasrentirerorrdivisible.rInranrentirercontract,ronerpartyrmustrfu
lfillrallrtermsrofrthercontractrtorberentitledrtortherotherrparty'srspecifiedract.rInrardivisiblercontr
act,ronerpartyrisrentitledrtorpaymentrforreachrportionrofrthercontractrcompletedr-
r.rWhat'srtherdifferencerbetweenrentirerandrdivisiblercontracts?
Courtsrprioritizeranyrchangesrtorprintedrcontractrformsrinrthisrorder:r
•rHandwritingrprevailsroverrprinting.
r•rWordsrprevailroverrnumbersr-
rHowrdorcourtsrprioritizerthertypesrofrchangesrthatrcanrbermadertorprintedrcontractrforms?
Contractrrightsrarerunassignablerif:r
•rLawsrrestrictrpriorrassignmentrofrsuchrrightsrasrveteransrdisabilityrbenefits,rgovernmentrp
ensions,rwages,rinheritances,randrworkersrcompensationrbenefits.r
•rTherpartiesrtoranragreementrspecifyrthatrtheyrcannot,runderrthercontract,rassignrtherrights
.
r•rTheyrarerpersonalrrights.
r•rAnrassignmentrmateriallyraltersrorrvariesrtherobligor'srperformance.r
•rArjudgmentrisrpendingrinrarpersonalrinjuryrcase.r-
rWhyrmightrcontractrrightsrberunassignable?
Asrargeneralrrule,rtherassignee'srrightsrarerthoserofrtherassignorrandrdornotrextendrbeyondrt
hem.rSorCharlotterwillrlearnrthatrherrargumentrlikelyrcannotrberenforcedr-
rCharlotterisranrassigneerinrarcontractualrassignment.rShercontendsrthatrherrrightsrshouldre
xtendrbeyondrMarvin's,rtherassignor,rbecausersherbearsrtherbruntrofrthercontractualrburde
n.rWhatrcanrCharlotterlearnraboutrthervalidityrofrherrargument?