OCCTH 585 Test 1 UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
plastic - CORRECT ANSWER - capable of being molded
neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - main communicating cells of the CNS
threshold - CORRECT ANSWER - the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural
impulse
Neuroplasticity - CORRECT ANSWER - multiple processes and multiple opportunities for
neurone to change their behaviour
3 ways neuroplasticity occurs - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. change the properties of
neurotransmission
- change in transmitter release
- change in PSP size or shape
2. change in cell properties
- size and shape
- electrical properties (resistance)
- "leakiness" of membrane
3. structural/anatomical changes of cell
unmasking - CORRECT ANSWER - the exposure of silent synapses
unmasking steps - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. cell responds to dominant input
2. injury or disease occurs
3. non-dominant input is expressed
,dendritic pruning - CORRECT ANSWER - removal of connections that are no longer
needed or incorrect
dendritic pruning steps - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. loss of input to the neuron
2. dendrites retract
collateral sprouting - CORRECT ANSWER - the process by which axons of some healthy
neurons adjacent to damaged cells grow new branches
collateral sprouting steps - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. no input to neuron
2. dendrites start to retract
3. healthy nerve in the area sends out new inputs
4. form new connections on the dendrites
activity dependent - CORRECT ANSWER - a property of neural plasticity such that
changes in a neuron's functioning will occur only if that neuron is active (firing) at the same time
as another neuron
neurogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER - the development of new neurons
neurogenesis locations - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. sub ventricular zone (olfactory bulb)
2. dente gyrus of hippocampus
fetal cells - CORRECT ANSWER - basic cells that can be turned into any other cella
activity dependent steps - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. neural activity (the firing of APs in
neurons
2. release of NT at synapses
3. cell has to be active to take up the signal
, 4. produce collateral sprouts in neurone that are active
neurotrophins - CORRECT ANSWER - used to stabilize the position of the synapse
axonal guidance - CORRECT ANSWER - the process by which immature neurons migrate
out and axons grow out towards their target
growth cone - CORRECT ANSWER - growing tip of an axon with filopodia that grow out
in many different directions
growth cone steps - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. target cell releases a signal that promotes or
inhibits growth
2. growth cone responds to signal
3. filopodia extend out trying to reach signal
4. filopodia grows towards target
guide cells - CORRECT ANSWER - cells within a growing embryo that produce a
chemical signal for growth that bridge gaps to our target
guide cell steps - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. guide cell releases appropriate chemical
messenger
2. neurone reaches guide cell
3. guide cell shuts off
4. next guide cell turns on
growth cone collapse - CORRECT ANSWER - occurs when the growth cone comes in
contact large repellant signal and the growth cone retracts
growth cone collapse steps - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. growth cone comes near a
repellant signal
Questions and CORRECT Answers
plastic - CORRECT ANSWER - capable of being molded
neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - main communicating cells of the CNS
threshold - CORRECT ANSWER - the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural
impulse
Neuroplasticity - CORRECT ANSWER - multiple processes and multiple opportunities for
neurone to change their behaviour
3 ways neuroplasticity occurs - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. change the properties of
neurotransmission
- change in transmitter release
- change in PSP size or shape
2. change in cell properties
- size and shape
- electrical properties (resistance)
- "leakiness" of membrane
3. structural/anatomical changes of cell
unmasking - CORRECT ANSWER - the exposure of silent synapses
unmasking steps - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. cell responds to dominant input
2. injury or disease occurs
3. non-dominant input is expressed
,dendritic pruning - CORRECT ANSWER - removal of connections that are no longer
needed or incorrect
dendritic pruning steps - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. loss of input to the neuron
2. dendrites retract
collateral sprouting - CORRECT ANSWER - the process by which axons of some healthy
neurons adjacent to damaged cells grow new branches
collateral sprouting steps - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. no input to neuron
2. dendrites start to retract
3. healthy nerve in the area sends out new inputs
4. form new connections on the dendrites
activity dependent - CORRECT ANSWER - a property of neural plasticity such that
changes in a neuron's functioning will occur only if that neuron is active (firing) at the same time
as another neuron
neurogenesis - CORRECT ANSWER - the development of new neurons
neurogenesis locations - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. sub ventricular zone (olfactory bulb)
2. dente gyrus of hippocampus
fetal cells - CORRECT ANSWER - basic cells that can be turned into any other cella
activity dependent steps - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. neural activity (the firing of APs in
neurons
2. release of NT at synapses
3. cell has to be active to take up the signal
, 4. produce collateral sprouts in neurone that are active
neurotrophins - CORRECT ANSWER - used to stabilize the position of the synapse
axonal guidance - CORRECT ANSWER - the process by which immature neurons migrate
out and axons grow out towards their target
growth cone - CORRECT ANSWER - growing tip of an axon with filopodia that grow out
in many different directions
growth cone steps - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. target cell releases a signal that promotes or
inhibits growth
2. growth cone responds to signal
3. filopodia extend out trying to reach signal
4. filopodia grows towards target
guide cells - CORRECT ANSWER - cells within a growing embryo that produce a
chemical signal for growth that bridge gaps to our target
guide cell steps - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. guide cell releases appropriate chemical
messenger
2. neurone reaches guide cell
3. guide cell shuts off
4. next guide cell turns on
growth cone collapse - CORRECT ANSWER - occurs when the growth cone comes in
contact large repellant signal and the growth cone retracts
growth cone collapse steps - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. growth cone comes near a
repellant signal
