NUR 612 Exam 1 (Module 1) UAB
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Physiology - ✔✔Study of the normal functions of the human body
Pathophysiology - ✔✔The study of the cellular and organ changes that occur with
disease and the effects that these changes have on the total body function
Focuses on the mechanism of the underlying disease and provides information to assist
with planning preventive as well as therapeutic health care measures and practices such
as following a healthy diet, exercising, and being compliant with prescribed
medications
Determinants of Health - ✔✔Attain lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury,
and premature death.
Achieve health equity and eliminate disparities
Promote good health for all
Promote healthy behaviors across the life span
Disease - ✔✔An acute or chronic illness that one acquires or is born with that causes
physiological dysfunction in one or more body system
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
,Etiology - ✔✔Explains the cause of the disease
Pathogenesis - ✔✔How the disease process evolves
Sequence of cellular and tissue events that occur from initial contact with an etiologic
agent until the ultimate expression of the disease occurs
Morphologic changes - ✔✔The microscopic and gross changes that are characteristic in
a disease process
Histology - ✔✔The microscopic study of cells and extracellular matrix
Lesion - ✔✔A pathologic or traumatic change of an organ or tissue
Clinical Manifestations - ✔✔The hidden or obvious evidence that a person is sick
Symptoms - ✔✔Subjective complaints noted by the person with the disorder such as
pain, difficulty breathing, headache, blurred vision
Signs - ✔✔Disease manifestations noted by the observer such as temperature elevation,
a blown pupil and pitting edema
Syndrome - ✔✔A compilation of signs and symptoms
Complication - ✔✔Adverse extension of a disease or treatment
Sequelae - ✔✔Lesions or impairments that follow or are caused by a disease
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
,Diagnosis - ✔✔Designation as to cause or nature of a health problem; involves
evaluating competing possibilities and selecting the most likely one from many
conditions in a given age, gender, race, lifestyle, genetic background and locality based
upon
History - ✔✔The person's account of symptoms, progress, and factors that contribute to
a diagnosis
Physical Exam - ✔✔Performed to identify signs of altered body structure or functions;
also may identify problems not obtained in the history
Acute disorder - ✔✔Relatively severe, but self-limited
Subacute disorder - ✔✔Intermediate between an acute and a chronic disorder, general
not as severe as an acute disorder and does not last as long as a chronic disorder
Chronic disorder - ✔✔Continous, long-term process
May improve or get worse
Preclinical stage - ✔✔Disease is not clinically evident but will progress to clinical
disease
Sublcinical disease - ✔✔Not clinically apparent and not destined to become a clinical
disease
Clinical disease - ✔✔The disease is present as manifested by signs and symptoms
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 3
, Carrier Status - ✔✔A person has an organism but is not infected as evidenced by an
antibody response or by clinical manifestations; this person CAN infect others
Epidemiology - ✔✔The study of disease occurrence in human populations
Incidence - ✔✔Reflects the number of new cases of a particular illness during a
specified time for a population at risk that does not have the disease
Prevalence - ✔✔Measures existing disease in a population at a given point in time
Morbidity - ✔✔Describes the effects of an illness
Mortality - ✔✔Death
Risk Factors - ✔✔Conditions suspected of contributing to a development of a disease
Cross-sectional - ✔✔Use the simultaneous collection of information to classify exposure
and outcome status
Used to compare prevalence of disease in those with exposure factor to those
unexposed to the factor
Case-controlled - ✔✔Compare people with known outcome of interest to those known
NOT to have the outcome of interests
Cohort - ✔✔Involves groups born approximately at the same time or who share some
characteristics of interest
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 4
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Physiology - ✔✔Study of the normal functions of the human body
Pathophysiology - ✔✔The study of the cellular and organ changes that occur with
disease and the effects that these changes have on the total body function
Focuses on the mechanism of the underlying disease and provides information to assist
with planning preventive as well as therapeutic health care measures and practices such
as following a healthy diet, exercising, and being compliant with prescribed
medications
Determinants of Health - ✔✔Attain lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury,
and premature death.
Achieve health equity and eliminate disparities
Promote good health for all
Promote healthy behaviors across the life span
Disease - ✔✔An acute or chronic illness that one acquires or is born with that causes
physiological dysfunction in one or more body system
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
,Etiology - ✔✔Explains the cause of the disease
Pathogenesis - ✔✔How the disease process evolves
Sequence of cellular and tissue events that occur from initial contact with an etiologic
agent until the ultimate expression of the disease occurs
Morphologic changes - ✔✔The microscopic and gross changes that are characteristic in
a disease process
Histology - ✔✔The microscopic study of cells and extracellular matrix
Lesion - ✔✔A pathologic or traumatic change of an organ or tissue
Clinical Manifestations - ✔✔The hidden or obvious evidence that a person is sick
Symptoms - ✔✔Subjective complaints noted by the person with the disorder such as
pain, difficulty breathing, headache, blurred vision
Signs - ✔✔Disease manifestations noted by the observer such as temperature elevation,
a blown pupil and pitting edema
Syndrome - ✔✔A compilation of signs and symptoms
Complication - ✔✔Adverse extension of a disease or treatment
Sequelae - ✔✔Lesions or impairments that follow or are caused by a disease
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
,Diagnosis - ✔✔Designation as to cause or nature of a health problem; involves
evaluating competing possibilities and selecting the most likely one from many
conditions in a given age, gender, race, lifestyle, genetic background and locality based
upon
History - ✔✔The person's account of symptoms, progress, and factors that contribute to
a diagnosis
Physical Exam - ✔✔Performed to identify signs of altered body structure or functions;
also may identify problems not obtained in the history
Acute disorder - ✔✔Relatively severe, but self-limited
Subacute disorder - ✔✔Intermediate between an acute and a chronic disorder, general
not as severe as an acute disorder and does not last as long as a chronic disorder
Chronic disorder - ✔✔Continous, long-term process
May improve or get worse
Preclinical stage - ✔✔Disease is not clinically evident but will progress to clinical
disease
Sublcinical disease - ✔✔Not clinically apparent and not destined to become a clinical
disease
Clinical disease - ✔✔The disease is present as manifested by signs and symptoms
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 3
, Carrier Status - ✔✔A person has an organism but is not infected as evidenced by an
antibody response or by clinical manifestations; this person CAN infect others
Epidemiology - ✔✔The study of disease occurrence in human populations
Incidence - ✔✔Reflects the number of new cases of a particular illness during a
specified time for a population at risk that does not have the disease
Prevalence - ✔✔Measures existing disease in a population at a given point in time
Morbidity - ✔✔Describes the effects of an illness
Mortality - ✔✔Death
Risk Factors - ✔✔Conditions suspected of contributing to a development of a disease
Cross-sectional - ✔✔Use the simultaneous collection of information to classify exposure
and outcome status
Used to compare prevalence of disease in those with exposure factor to those
unexposed to the factor
Case-controlled - ✔✔Compare people with known outcome of interest to those known
NOT to have the outcome of interests
Cohort - ✔✔Involves groups born approximately at the same time or who share some
characteristics of interest
Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 4
