ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
AP HUG NOTES
1.1: Introduction to Maps
Reference Maps:
Are informational, showing boundaries and place names
World map, city maps
Often display physical and man-made features
Topographical maps, subway systems, maps of malls, etc.
Thematic Maps:
Tell a story by showing the density and distribution of quantitative data
Thematic maps are used as visual stimuli for many exam questions!
Choropleth maps use colour or shading to represent data (density maps)
Dot maps represent values in approximate location (spatial distribution)
1 AP HUG NOTES!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@@@@@@@@@@@
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
,ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
Graduated Symbol map feature symbols proportional in size to the actual
value of the data
Isoline maps connect areas of equal value with lines (weather maps)
Cartograms distort the appearance of places on the map to represent their
value (ex: map of a country according to GDP)
2 AP HUG NOTES!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@@@@@@@@@@@
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
,ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
Clustered: grouped, nucleated, clumped, concentrated, agglomerated
Dispersed: distributed, scattered, spread out
Uniform: evenly spaced
A map projection takes the spherical shape of the Earth and displays it on a
flat surface:
o Conformal projections preserve shapes of land features at the
expense of distorting their true size
o Equal-area projections distort the oceans to preserve size of the
landmasses
Types of distorted maps:
3 AP HUG NOTES!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@@@@@@@@@@@
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
, ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
Mercator:
Gall-Peters (Africa is too stretched. This map preserves the centre)
Robinson Projection (classic atlas map):
Goodes Projection:
4 AP HUG NOTES!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@@@@@@@@@@@
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
AP HUG NOTES
1.1: Introduction to Maps
Reference Maps:
Are informational, showing boundaries and place names
World map, city maps
Often display physical and man-made features
Topographical maps, subway systems, maps of malls, etc.
Thematic Maps:
Tell a story by showing the density and distribution of quantitative data
Thematic maps are used as visual stimuli for many exam questions!
Choropleth maps use colour or shading to represent data (density maps)
Dot maps represent values in approximate location (spatial distribution)
1 AP HUG NOTES!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@@@@@@@@@@@
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
,ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
Graduated Symbol map feature symbols proportional in size to the actual
value of the data
Isoline maps connect areas of equal value with lines (weather maps)
Cartograms distort the appearance of places on the map to represent their
value (ex: map of a country according to GDP)
2 AP HUG NOTES!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@@@@@@@@@@@
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
,ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
Clustered: grouped, nucleated, clumped, concentrated, agglomerated
Dispersed: distributed, scattered, spread out
Uniform: evenly spaced
A map projection takes the spherical shape of the Earth and displays it on a
flat surface:
o Conformal projections preserve shapes of land features at the
expense of distorting their true size
o Equal-area projections distort the oceans to preserve size of the
landmasses
Types of distorted maps:
3 AP HUG NOTES!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@@@@@@@@@@@
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
, ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
Mercator:
Gall-Peters (Africa is too stretched. This map preserves the centre)
Robinson Projection (classic atlas map):
Goodes Projection:
4 AP HUG NOTES!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@@@@@@@@@@@
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
ap_human_geography_unit_1.pdf
