GCSE
ECONOMICS
8136/1
Paper 1 How markets work
x x x x
Mark scheme
x
June 2019
x
Version:x1.0xFinal
*196a81361/MS*
, MARKx SCHEMEx –x GCSEx -x ECONOMICSx –x 8136/1x –x JUNEx 2019
MarkxschemesxarexpreparedxbyxthexLeadxAssessmentxWriterxandxconsidered,xtogetherxwithxthexrelevantxq
uestions,xbyxaxpanelxofxsubjectxteachers.xThisxmarkxschemexincludesxanyxamendmentsxmadexatxthexstand
ardisationxeventsxwhichxallxassociatesxparticipatexinxandxisxthexschemexwhichxwasxusedxbyxthemxinxthisxex
amination.xThexstandardisationxprocessxensuresxthatxthexmarkxschemexcoversxthexstudents’xresponsesxto
xquestionsxandxthatxeveryxassociatexunderstandsxandxappliesxitxinxthexsamexcorrectxway.
Asxpreparationxforxstandardisationxeachxassociatexanalysesxaxnumberxofxstudents’xscripts.xAlternativexansw
ersxnotxalreadyxcoveredxbyxthexmarkxschemexarexdiscussedxandxlegislatedxfor.xIf,xafterxthexstandardisationxpr
ocess,xassociatesxencounterxunusualxanswersxwhichxhavexnotxbeenxraisedxtheyxarexrequiredxtoxreferxthesext
oxthexLeadxAssessmentxWriter.
Itxmustxbexstressedxthatxaxmarkxschemexisxaxworkingxdocument,xinxmanyxcasesxfurtherxdevelopedxandxex
pandedxonxthexbasisxofxstudents’xreactionsxtoxaxparticularxpaper.xAssumptionsxaboutxfuturexmarkxscheme
sxonxthexbasisxofxonexyear’sxdocumentxshouldxbexavoided;xwhilstxthexguidingxprinciplesxofxassessmentxre
mainxconstant,xdetailsxwillxchange,xdependingxonxthexcontentxofxaxparticularxexaminationxpaper.
Furtherxcopiesxofxthisxmarkxschemexarexavailablexfromxaqa.org.uk
Copyrightx©x2019xAQAxandxitsxlicensors.x Allxrightsxreserved.
AQAxretainsxthexcopyrightxonxallxitsxpublications.xHowever,xregisteredxschools/collegesxforxAQAxarexpermittedxtoxcopyxmaterialxfromxthisxbooklet
xforxtheirxownxinternalxuse,xwithxthexfollowingximportantxexception:xAQAxcannotxgivexpermissionxtoxschools/collegesxtoxphotocopyxanyxmaterialxt
hatxisxacknowledgedxtoxaxthirdxpartyxevenxforxinternalxusexwithinxthexcentre.
2
, MARKx SCHEMEx –x GCSEx -x ECONOMICSx –x 8136/1x –x JUNEx 2019
Level of response marking instructions
x x x x
Levelxofxresponsexmarkxschemesxarexbrokenxdownxintoxlevels,xeachxofxwhichxhasxaxdescriptor.xThexdescript
orxforxthexlevelxshowsxthexaveragexperformancexforxthexlevel.xTherexarexmarksxinxeachxlevel.
Beforexyouxapplyxthexmarkxschemextoxaxstudent’sxanswerxreadxthroughxthexanswerxandxannotatexitx(asxin
structed)xtoxshowxthexqualitiesxthatxarexbeingxlookedxfor.xYouxcanxthenxapplyxthexmarkxscheme.
Step 1 Determine a level
x x x x
Startxatxthexlowestxlevelxofxthexmarkxschemexandxusexitxasxaxladderxtoxseexwhetherxthexanswerxmeetsxthexde
scriptorxforxthatxlevel.xThexdescriptorxforxthexlevelxindicatesxthexdifferentxqualitiesxthatxmightxbexseenxinxthexs
tudent’sxanswerxforxthatxlevel.xIfxitxmeetsxthexlowestxlevelxthenxgoxtoxthexnextxonexandxdecidexifxitxmeetsxthisx
level,xandxsoxon,xuntilxyouxhavexaxmatchxbetweenxthexlevelxdescriptorxandxthexanswer.xWithxpracticexandxfa
miliarityxyouxwillxfindxthatxforxbetterxanswersxyouxwillxbexablextoxquicklyxskipxthroughxthexlowerxlevelsxofxthex
markxscheme.
Whenxassigningxaxlevelxyouxshouldxlookxatxthexoverallxqualityxofxthexanswerxandxnotxlookxtoxpickxholesxinxsm
allxandxspecificxpartsxofxthexanswerxwherexthexstudentxhasxnotxperformedxquitexasxwellxasxthexrest.xIfxthexans
werxcoversxdifferentxaspectsxofxdifferentxlevelsxofxthexmarkxschemexyouxshouldxusexaxbestxfitxapproachxforxd
efiningxthexlevelxandxthenxusexthexvariabilityxofxthexresponsextoxhelpxdecidexthexmarkxwithinxthexlevel,xi.e.xifxth
exresponsexisxpredominantlyxlevelx3xwithxaxsmallxamountxofxlevelx4xmaterialxitxwouldxbexplacedxinxlevelx3xbutx
bexawardedxaxmarkxnearxthextopxofxthexlevelxbecausexofxthexlevelx4xcontent.
Step 2 Determine a mark
x x x x
Oncexyouxhavexassignedxaxlevelxyouxneedxtoxdecidexonxthexmark.xThexdescriptorsxonxhowxtoxallocatexmark
sxcanxhelpxwithxthis.xThexexemplarxmaterialsxusedxduringxstandardisationxwillxhelp.xTherexwillxbexanxanswer
xinxthexstandardisingxmaterialsxwhichxwillxcorrespondxwithxeachxlevelxofxthexmarkxscheme.xThisxanswerxwillx
havexbeenxawardedxaxmarkxbyxthexLeadxExaminer.xYouxcanxcomparexthexstudent’sxanswerxwithxthexexamp
lextoxdeterminexifxitxisxthexsamexstandard,xbetterxorxworsexthanxthexexample.xYouxcanxthenxusexthisxtoxallocat
exaxmarkxforxthexanswerxbasedxonxthexLeadxExaminer’sxmarkxonxthexexample.
Youxmayxwellxneedxtoxreadxbackxthroughxthexanswerxasxyouxapplyxthexmarkxschemextoxclarifyxpointsxandxa
ssurexyourselfxthatxthexlevelxandxthexmarkxarexappropriate.
Indicativexcontentxinxthexmarkxschemexisxprovidedxasxaxguidexforxexaminers.xItxisxnotxintendedxtoxbexe
xhaustivexandxyouxmustxcreditxotherxvalidxpoints.xStudentsxdoxnotxhavextoxcoverxallxofxthexpointsxment
ionedxinxthexIndicativexcontentxtoxreachxthexhighestxlevelxofxthexmarkxscheme.
Anxanswerxwhichxcontainsxnothingxofxrelevancextoxthexquestionxmustxbexawardedxnoxmarks.
3
ECONOMICS
8136/1
Paper 1 How markets work
x x x x
Mark scheme
x
June 2019
x
Version:x1.0xFinal
*196a81361/MS*
, MARKx SCHEMEx –x GCSEx -x ECONOMICSx –x 8136/1x –x JUNEx 2019
MarkxschemesxarexpreparedxbyxthexLeadxAssessmentxWriterxandxconsidered,xtogetherxwithxthexrelevantxq
uestions,xbyxaxpanelxofxsubjectxteachers.xThisxmarkxschemexincludesxanyxamendmentsxmadexatxthexstand
ardisationxeventsxwhichxallxassociatesxparticipatexinxandxisxthexschemexwhichxwasxusedxbyxthemxinxthisxex
amination.xThexstandardisationxprocessxensuresxthatxthexmarkxschemexcoversxthexstudents’xresponsesxto
xquestionsxandxthatxeveryxassociatexunderstandsxandxappliesxitxinxthexsamexcorrectxway.
Asxpreparationxforxstandardisationxeachxassociatexanalysesxaxnumberxofxstudents’xscripts.xAlternativexansw
ersxnotxalreadyxcoveredxbyxthexmarkxschemexarexdiscussedxandxlegislatedxfor.xIf,xafterxthexstandardisationxpr
ocess,xassociatesxencounterxunusualxanswersxwhichxhavexnotxbeenxraisedxtheyxarexrequiredxtoxreferxthesext
oxthexLeadxAssessmentxWriter.
Itxmustxbexstressedxthatxaxmarkxschemexisxaxworkingxdocument,xinxmanyxcasesxfurtherxdevelopedxandxex
pandedxonxthexbasisxofxstudents’xreactionsxtoxaxparticularxpaper.xAssumptionsxaboutxfuturexmarkxscheme
sxonxthexbasisxofxonexyear’sxdocumentxshouldxbexavoided;xwhilstxthexguidingxprinciplesxofxassessmentxre
mainxconstant,xdetailsxwillxchange,xdependingxonxthexcontentxofxaxparticularxexaminationxpaper.
Furtherxcopiesxofxthisxmarkxschemexarexavailablexfromxaqa.org.uk
Copyrightx©x2019xAQAxandxitsxlicensors.x Allxrightsxreserved.
AQAxretainsxthexcopyrightxonxallxitsxpublications.xHowever,xregisteredxschools/collegesxforxAQAxarexpermittedxtoxcopyxmaterialxfromxthisxbooklet
xforxtheirxownxinternalxuse,xwithxthexfollowingximportantxexception:xAQAxcannotxgivexpermissionxtoxschools/collegesxtoxphotocopyxanyxmaterialxt
hatxisxacknowledgedxtoxaxthirdxpartyxevenxforxinternalxusexwithinxthexcentre.
2
, MARKx SCHEMEx –x GCSEx -x ECONOMICSx –x 8136/1x –x JUNEx 2019
Level of response marking instructions
x x x x
Levelxofxresponsexmarkxschemesxarexbrokenxdownxintoxlevels,xeachxofxwhichxhasxaxdescriptor.xThexdescript
orxforxthexlevelxshowsxthexaveragexperformancexforxthexlevel.xTherexarexmarksxinxeachxlevel.
Beforexyouxapplyxthexmarkxschemextoxaxstudent’sxanswerxreadxthroughxthexanswerxandxannotatexitx(asxin
structed)xtoxshowxthexqualitiesxthatxarexbeingxlookedxfor.xYouxcanxthenxapplyxthexmarkxscheme.
Step 1 Determine a level
x x x x
Startxatxthexlowestxlevelxofxthexmarkxschemexandxusexitxasxaxladderxtoxseexwhetherxthexanswerxmeetsxthexde
scriptorxforxthatxlevel.xThexdescriptorxforxthexlevelxindicatesxthexdifferentxqualitiesxthatxmightxbexseenxinxthexs
tudent’sxanswerxforxthatxlevel.xIfxitxmeetsxthexlowestxlevelxthenxgoxtoxthexnextxonexandxdecidexifxitxmeetsxthisx
level,xandxsoxon,xuntilxyouxhavexaxmatchxbetweenxthexlevelxdescriptorxandxthexanswer.xWithxpracticexandxfa
miliarityxyouxwillxfindxthatxforxbetterxanswersxyouxwillxbexablextoxquicklyxskipxthroughxthexlowerxlevelsxofxthex
markxscheme.
Whenxassigningxaxlevelxyouxshouldxlookxatxthexoverallxqualityxofxthexanswerxandxnotxlookxtoxpickxholesxinxsm
allxandxspecificxpartsxofxthexanswerxwherexthexstudentxhasxnotxperformedxquitexasxwellxasxthexrest.xIfxthexans
werxcoversxdifferentxaspectsxofxdifferentxlevelsxofxthexmarkxschemexyouxshouldxusexaxbestxfitxapproachxforxd
efiningxthexlevelxandxthenxusexthexvariabilityxofxthexresponsextoxhelpxdecidexthexmarkxwithinxthexlevel,xi.e.xifxth
exresponsexisxpredominantlyxlevelx3xwithxaxsmallxamountxofxlevelx4xmaterialxitxwouldxbexplacedxinxlevelx3xbutx
bexawardedxaxmarkxnearxthextopxofxthexlevelxbecausexofxthexlevelx4xcontent.
Step 2 Determine a mark
x x x x
Oncexyouxhavexassignedxaxlevelxyouxneedxtoxdecidexonxthexmark.xThexdescriptorsxonxhowxtoxallocatexmark
sxcanxhelpxwithxthis.xThexexemplarxmaterialsxusedxduringxstandardisationxwillxhelp.xTherexwillxbexanxanswer
xinxthexstandardisingxmaterialsxwhichxwillxcorrespondxwithxeachxlevelxofxthexmarkxscheme.xThisxanswerxwillx
havexbeenxawardedxaxmarkxbyxthexLeadxExaminer.xYouxcanxcomparexthexstudent’sxanswerxwithxthexexamp
lextoxdeterminexifxitxisxthexsamexstandard,xbetterxorxworsexthanxthexexample.xYouxcanxthenxusexthisxtoxallocat
exaxmarkxforxthexanswerxbasedxonxthexLeadxExaminer’sxmarkxonxthexexample.
Youxmayxwellxneedxtoxreadxbackxthroughxthexanswerxasxyouxapplyxthexmarkxschemextoxclarifyxpointsxandxa
ssurexyourselfxthatxthexlevelxandxthexmarkxarexappropriate.
Indicativexcontentxinxthexmarkxschemexisxprovidedxasxaxguidexforxexaminers.xItxisxnotxintendedxtoxbexe
xhaustivexandxyouxmustxcreditxotherxvalidxpoints.xStudentsxdoxnotxhavextoxcoverxallxofxthexpointsxment
ionedxinxthexIndicativexcontentxtoxreachxthexhighestxlevelxofxthexmarkxscheme.
Anxanswerxwhichxcontainsxnothingxofxrelevancextoxthexquestionxmustxbexawardedxnoxmarks.
3
