Concepts of Health and Disease
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- pathophysiology - physiology of altered health
structural and functional changes in cells, tissue during disease
(ie. sickle cell anemia - S/F change due to illness)
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- risk factors - contributing factors to disease
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- health
• nonmodifiable - age, sex, race
• WHO - complete physical, mental, emotional wellbeing
• modifiable - weight, exercise
• HP 2020 - good health free from disease
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- disease - causes physiologic dysfunction in 1 body system > prevention
• etiology - causes • primary - prior to onset (immunization)
congenital - present at birth
- biologic: bacteria, virus • secondary - detecting when asymptomatic
acquired - onset after bith
- physical: trauma, burn (Pap, blood test)
- chemical: posion • tertiary - intervening to stop progression
- genetic (chemo, insulin)
- nutritional imbalances
pathogenesis - evolving and progressing of a disease >
- evidence-based practice - decisions based on
data
morphology - structure changes w/ disease
histology - study of cells and matrix >
- clinical practice guidlines - statements intended to
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clinical manifestations inform providers in care
• sign - objective by observer (fever, swollen limb)
• symptom - subjective by patient (pain,
dizziness)
• syndrome - complication of manifestations
-
> diagnosis - designation of cause of problems
• tests: blood work, imaging
-
> clinical course - evolution of disease
• acute - severe, but limiting
• subacute - not as severe, not as long
• chronic - continuous, long term (COPD, asthma)
>
- epidemiology - study of disease occurrence, assesses patterns
• how to control and prevent
incidence - new cases @ specific time
#
prevalence - existing @ given time
#
morbidity - effects on somsone's life
- depression: don't eat or sleep
mortality - deaths associated
>
- pathophysiology - physiology of altered health
structural and functional changes in cells, tissue during disease
(ie. sickle cell anemia - S/F change due to illness)
>
- risk factors - contributing factors to disease
>
- health
• nonmodifiable - age, sex, race
• WHO - complete physical, mental, emotional wellbeing
• modifiable - weight, exercise
• HP 2020 - good health free from disease
>
- disease - causes physiologic dysfunction in 1 body system > prevention
• etiology - causes • primary - prior to onset (immunization)
congenital - present at birth
- biologic: bacteria, virus • secondary - detecting when asymptomatic
acquired - onset after bith
- physical: trauma, burn (Pap, blood test)
- chemical: posion • tertiary - intervening to stop progression
- genetic (chemo, insulin)
- nutritional imbalances
pathogenesis - evolving and progressing of a disease >
- evidence-based practice - decisions based on
data
morphology - structure changes w/ disease
histology - study of cells and matrix >
- clinical practice guidlines - statements intended to
>
-
clinical manifestations inform providers in care
• sign - objective by observer (fever, swollen limb)
• symptom - subjective by patient (pain,
dizziness)
• syndrome - complication of manifestations
-
> diagnosis - designation of cause of problems
• tests: blood work, imaging
-
> clinical course - evolution of disease
• acute - severe, but limiting
• subacute - not as severe, not as long
• chronic - continuous, long term (COPD, asthma)
>
- epidemiology - study of disease occurrence, assesses patterns
• how to control and prevent
incidence - new cases @ specific time
#
prevalence - existing @ given time
#
morbidity - effects on somsone's life
- depression: don't eat or sleep
mortality - deaths associated
