● Bones functions: blood cells, movement, allows minerals like calcium, body support
and protection of organs
1.2.1 Causes of Contractions
● ATP Cycle: ATP goes through hydrolysis, becomes ADP for energy, reverts back to
ATP
● ATP, water, and ion needed to be successful
● ATP: produ ced by mitochondria, nucleotide
- Three phosphate, one sugar, one adenosine
● Hydrolysis: uses water to cut ATP (Dehydration synthesis is taking water out)
Sliding filament theory: Actin is very thin. Myosin is very thick
● Rigor mortis: lack of ATP to attach to head
● Myosin head pulls muscle in
● Stretch muscle from lack of water, calcium or ATP
● Warming up helps get blood to muscles and oxygen to create ATP
Steps:
1. Detachment: ATP binds to myosin which makes it detach
2. Hydrolysis: ATP splits into ADP; myosin switches to ready position
3. Cross bridge: myosin head pulls filaments in to contact (myosin to actin)
4. Power stroke: Lose ADP
Three types of muscle:
● Skeletal: striated, tubular, voluntary, attached to skeleton
● Smooth: non-striated, spindle shaped, involuntary, covering walls of internal organs
● Cardiac: striated, branched, involuntary, covering walls of heart
1.2.2 Muscle
Insertion moves, Origin stays
Pectoralis minor: ribs 3-5 and rotates shoulder forward
Pectoralis major abdominal head: ribs 5-7 and pulls arms down (volleyball strike)
● Sternal head: ribs 1-5 adducts the arm across the chest (sidemen pitch)
● Clavicular head: allows underhand motion (bowling)
Brachalis:
Triceps medial head:
Intercostal muscle: ribs/ help blow air out
External ribs: ribs/breathe in
Temporalis: connected to temporal bone (origin) and mandible (insertion)
Orbicularis Oculi: moves eyebrows
and protection of organs
1.2.1 Causes of Contractions
● ATP Cycle: ATP goes through hydrolysis, becomes ADP for energy, reverts back to
ATP
● ATP, water, and ion needed to be successful
● ATP: produ ced by mitochondria, nucleotide
- Three phosphate, one sugar, one adenosine
● Hydrolysis: uses water to cut ATP (Dehydration synthesis is taking water out)
Sliding filament theory: Actin is very thin. Myosin is very thick
● Rigor mortis: lack of ATP to attach to head
● Myosin head pulls muscle in
● Stretch muscle from lack of water, calcium or ATP
● Warming up helps get blood to muscles and oxygen to create ATP
Steps:
1. Detachment: ATP binds to myosin which makes it detach
2. Hydrolysis: ATP splits into ADP; myosin switches to ready position
3. Cross bridge: myosin head pulls filaments in to contact (myosin to actin)
4. Power stroke: Lose ADP
Three types of muscle:
● Skeletal: striated, tubular, voluntary, attached to skeleton
● Smooth: non-striated, spindle shaped, involuntary, covering walls of internal organs
● Cardiac: striated, branched, involuntary, covering walls of heart
1.2.2 Muscle
Insertion moves, Origin stays
Pectoralis minor: ribs 3-5 and rotates shoulder forward
Pectoralis major abdominal head: ribs 5-7 and pulls arms down (volleyball strike)
● Sternal head: ribs 1-5 adducts the arm across the chest (sidemen pitch)
● Clavicular head: allows underhand motion (bowling)
Brachalis:
Triceps medial head:
Intercostal muscle: ribs/ help blow air out
External ribs: ribs/breathe in
Temporalis: connected to temporal bone (origin) and mandible (insertion)
Orbicularis Oculi: moves eyebrows
